Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1979, as amended to 1989
Citizenship and Nationality
Iranian citizenship is the indisputable right of every Iranian, and the government cannot withdraw citizenship from any Iranian unless he himself requests it or acquires the citizenship of another country. (Art. 41)
Citizenship and Nationality
Foreign nationals may acquire Iranian citizenship within the framework of the laws. Citizenship may be withdrawn from such persons if another State accepts them as its citizens or if they request it. (Art. 42)
Jurisdiction and Access
All legislation passed by the Islamic Consultative Assembly must be sent to the Guardian Council. The Guardian Council must review it within a maximum of ten days from its receipt with a view to ensuring its compatibility with the criteria of Islam and the Constitution. If it finds the legislation incompatible, it will return it to the Assembly for review. Otherwise the legislation will be deemed enforceable. (Art. 94)
Jurisdiction and Access
The authority of the interpretation of the Constitution is vested with the Guardian Council, which is to be done with the consent of three-fourths of its members. (Art. 98)
Jurisdiction and Access
The Guardian Council has the responsibility of supervising the elections of the Assembly of Experts for Leadership, the President of the Republic, the Islamic Consultative Assembly, and the direct recourse to popular opinion and referenda. (Art. 99)
Education
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
3. free education and physical training for everyone at all levels, and the facilitation and expansion of higher education;
… (Art. 3)
Education
The government must provide all citizens with free education up to end of secondary school, and must expand free higher education to the extent required by the country for attaining self-sufficiency. (Art. 30)
Employment Rights and Protection
… it is the duty of the Islamic government to furnish all citizens with equal and appropriate opportunities, to provide them with work, and to satisfy their essential needs, so that the course of their progress may be assured. (The Economy is a Means, Not an End, Preamble)
Employment Rights and Protection
Everyone has the right to choose any occupation he wishes, if it is not contrary to Islam and the public interests, and does not infringe the rights of others. The Government is bound, with due regard for the needs of society for a variety of employment for all men, to create the possibility of employment, and equal opportunities for obtaining it. (Art. 28)
Employment Rights and Protection
The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is based on the following criteria:
…
2. ensuring conditions and opportunities of employment for everyone, with a view to attaining full employment; placing the means of work at the disposal of everyone who is able to work but lacks the means, in the form of cooperatives, through granting interest free loans or recourse to any other legitimate means that neither results in the concentration or circulation of wealth in the hands of a few individuals or groups, nor turns the government into a major absolute employer. These steps must be taken with due regard for the requirements governing the general economic planning of the country at each stage of its growth;
3. the plan for the national economy, must be structured in such a manner that the form, content, and hours of work of every individual will allow him sufficient leisure and energy to engage, beyond his professional endeavour, in intellectual, political, and social activities leading to all-round development of his self, to take active part in leading the affairs of the country, improve his skills, and to make full use of his creativity;
4. respect for the right to choose freely one's occupation; refraining from compelling anyone to engage in a particular job; and preventing the exploitation of another's labour;
… (Art. 43)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
9. the abolition of all forms of undesirable discrimination and the provision of equitable opportunities for all, in both the material and intellectual spheres;
…
14. securing the multifarious rights of all citizens, both women and men, and providing legal protection for all, as well as the equality of all before the law;
… (Art. 3)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
All people of Iran, whatever the ethnic group or tribe to which they belong, enjoy equal rights; and colour, race, language, and the like, do not bestow any privilege. (Art. 19)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
All citizens of the country, both men and women, equally enjoy the protection of the law and enjoy all human, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, in conformity with Islamic criteria. (Art. 20)
Obligations of the State
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
7. ensuring political and social freedoms within the framework of the law;
…
14. securing the multifarious rights of all citizens, both women and men, and providing legal protection for all, as well as the equality of all before the law;
… (Art. 3)
Obligations of the State
In accordance with the sacred verse "God does not forbid you to deal kindly and justly with those who have not fought against you because of your religion and who have not expelled you from your homes" [60:8], the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran and all Muslims are duty-bound to treat non-Muslims in conformity with ethical norms and the principles of Islamic justice and equity, and to respect their human rights. This principle applies to all who refrain from engaging in conspiracy or activity against Islam and the Islamic Republic of Iran. (Art. 14)
Obligations of the State
The dignity, life, property, rights, residence, and occupation of the individual are inviolate, except in cases sanctioned by law. (Art. 22)
Obligations of Private Parties
In accordance with the sacred verse "God does not forbid you to deal kindly and justly with those who have not fought against you because of your religion and who have not expelled you from your homes" [60:8], the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran and all Muslims are duty-bound to treat non-Muslims in conformity with ethical norms and the principles of Islamic justice and equity, and to respect their human rights. This principle applies to all who refrain from engaging in conspiracy or activity against Islam and the Islamic Republic of Iran. (Art. 14)
Obligations of Private Parties
No one is entitled to exercise his rights in a way injurious to others or detrimental to public interests. (Art. 40)
Judicial Protection
The judiciary is of vital importance in the context of safeguarding the rights of the people in accordance with the line followed by the Islamic movement, and the prevention of deviations within the Islamic nation. … (The Judiciary in the Constitution, Preamble)
Judicial Protection
The judiciary is an independent power, the protector of the rights of the individual and society, responsible for the implementation of justice, and entrusted with the following duties:
1. investigating and passing judgement on grievances, violations of rights, and complaints; the resolving of litigation; the settling of disputes; and the taking of all necessary decisions and measures in probate matters as the law may determine;
… (Art. 156)
Limitations and/or Derogations
… no authority has the right to abrogate legitimate freedoms, not even by enacting laws and regulations for that purpose, under the pretext of preserving the independence and territorial integrity of the country. (Art. 9)
Limitations and/or Derogations
No one is entitled to exercise his rights in a way injurious to others or detrimental to public interests. (Art. 40)
Marriage and Family Life
… The family is the fundamental unit of society and the main center for the growth and edification of human being. Compatibility with respect to belief and ideal, which provides the primary basis for man's development and growth, is the main consideration in the establishment of a family. It is the duty of the Islamic government to provide the necessary facilities for the attainment of this goal. This view of the family unit delivers woman from being regarded as an object or instrument in the service of promoting consumerism and exploitation. Not only does woman recover thereby her momentous and precious function of motherhood, rearing of ideologically committed human beings, she also assumes a pioneering social role and becomes the fellow struggler of man in all vital areas of life. Given the weighty responsibilities that woman thus assumes, she is accorded in Islam great value and nobility. (Woman in the Constitution, Preamble)
Marriage and Family Life
Since the family is the fundamental unit of Islamic society, all laws, regulations, and pertinent programs must tend to facilitate the formation of a family, and to safeguard its sanctity and the stability of family relations on the basis of the law and the ethics of Islam. (Art. 10)
Marriage and Family Life
The official religion of Iran is Islam and the Twelver Ja'farî school [in usul al-Dîn and fiqh], and this principle will remain eternally immutable. Other Islamic schools, including the Hanafî, Shafi'î, Malikî, Hanbalî, and Zaydî, are to be accorded full respect, and their followers are free to act in accordance with their own jurisprudence in performing their religious rites. These schools enjoy official status in matters pertaining to religious education, affairs of personal status (marriage, divorce, inheritance, and wills) and related litigation in courts of law. … (Art. 12)
Marriage and Family Life
The government must ensure the rights of women in all respects, in conformity with Islamic criteria, and accomplish the following goals:
…
2. the protection of mothers, particularly during pregnancy and childbearing, and the protection of children without guardians;
3. establishing competent courts to protect and preserve the family;
4. the provision of special insurance for widows, and aged women and women without support;
5. the awarding of guardianship of children to worthy mothers, in order to protect the interests of the children, in the absence of a legal guardian. (Art. 21)
Marriage and Family Life
It is the right of every Iranian individual and family to possess housing commensurate with his needs. The government must make land available for the implementation of this article, according priority to those whose need is greatest, in particular the rural population and the workers. (Art. 31)
Marriage and Family Life
The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is based on the following criteria:
1.the provision of basic necessities for all citizens: housing, food, clothing, hygiene, medical treatment, education, and the necessary facilities for the establishment of a family;
… (Art. 43)
Minorities
Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian Iranians are the only recognized religious minorities, who, within the limits of the law, are free to perform their religious rites and ceremonies, and to act according to their own canon in matters of personal affairs and religious education. (Art. 13)
Minorities
In accordance with the sacred verse "God does not forbid you to deal kindly and justly with those who have not fought against you because of your religion and who have not expelled you from your homes" [60:8], the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran and all Muslims are duty-bound to treat non-Muslims in conformity with ethical norms and the principles of Islamic justice and equity, and to respect their human rights. This principle applies to all who refrain from engaging in conspiracy or activity against Islam and the Islamic Republic of Iran. (Art. 14)
Minorities
All people of Iran, whatever the ethnic group or tribe to which they belong, enjoy equal rights; and colour, race, language, and the like, do not bestow any privilege. (Art. 19)
Minorities
The formation of parties, societies, political or professional associations, as well as religious societies, whether Islamic or pertaining to one of the recognized religious minorities, is permitted provided they do not violate the principles of independence, freedom, national unity, the criteria of Islam, or the basis of the Islamic Republic. No one may be prevented from participating in the aforementioned groups, or be compelled to participate in them. (Art. 26)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
… Not only does woman recover thereby her momentous and precious function of motherhood, rearing of ideologically committed human beings, she also assumes a pioneering social role and becomes the fellow struggler of man in all vital areas of life. Given the weighty responsibilities that woman thus assumes, she is accorded in Islam great value and nobility. (Woman in the Constitution, Preamble)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
8. the participation of the entire people in determining their political, economic, social, and cultural destiny;
… (Art. 3)
Political Rights and Association
… With due attention to this goal, the Constitution provides the basis of such participation by all members of society at all stages of the political decision-making process on which the destiny of the country depends. … (The Form of Government in Islam, Preamble)
Political Rights and Association
All citizens of the country, both men and women, equally enjoy the protection of the law and enjoy all human, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, in conformity with Islamic criteria. (Art. 20)
Political Rights and Association
The formation of parties, societies, political or professional associations, as well as religious societies, whether Islamic or pertaining to one of the recognized religious minorities, is permitted provided they do not violate the principles of independence, freedom, national unity, the criteria of Islam, or the basis of the Islamic Republic. No one may be prevented from participating in the aforementioned groups, or be compelled to participate in them. (Art. 26)
Political Parties
The formation of parties, societies, political or professional associations, as well as religious societies, whether Islamic or pertaining to one of the recognized religious minorities, is permitted provided they do not violate the principles of independence, freedom, national unity, the criteria of Islam, or the basis of the Islamic Republic. No one may be prevented from participating in the aforementioned groups, or be compelled to participate in them. (Art. 26)
Electoral Bodies
With a view to safeguard the Islamic ordinances and the Constitution, in order to examine the compatibility of the legislation passed by the Islamic Consultative Assembly with them, a council to be known as the Guardian Council is to be constituted with the following composition:
1. six religious men, conscious of the present needs and the issues of the day, to be selected by the Leader, and
2. six jurists, specializing in different areas of law, to be elected by the Islamic Consultative Assembly from among the Muslim jurists nominated by the Head of the Judicial Power. (Art. 91)
Electoral Bodies
The Guardian Council has the responsibility of supervising the elections of the Assembly of Experts for Leadership, the President of the Republic, the Islamic Consultative Assembly, and the direct recourse to popular opinion and referenda. (Art. 99)
Head of State
After the office of Leadership, the President is the highest official in the country. His is the responsibility for implementing the Constitution and acting as the head of the executive, except in matters directly concerned with (the office of) the Leadership. (Art. 113)
Head of State
The President is elected for a four-year term by the direct vote of the people. His re-election for a successive term is permissible only once. (Art. 114)
Head of State
The President must be elected from among religious and political personalities possessing the following qualifications:
- Iranian origin;
- Iranian nationality;
- administrative capacity and resourcefulness;
- a good past record;
- trustworthiness and piety; and
- convinced belief in the fundamental principles of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the official madhhab of the country. (Art. 115 )
Government
Ministers will be appointed by the President and will be presented to the Assembly for a vote of confidence. With the change of Assembly, a new vote of confidence will not be necessary. The number of ministers and the jurisdiction of each will be determined by law. (Art. 133)
Government
The President is the head of the Council of Ministers. He supervises the work of the ministers and takes all necessary measures to coordinate the decisions of the government. … (Art. 134)
Legislature
The functions of the legislature are to be exercised through the Islamic Consultative Assembly, consisting of the elected representatives of the people. … (Art. 58)
Legislature
The Islamic Consultative Assembly is constituted by the representatives of the people elected directly and by secret ballot.
The qualifications of voters and candidates, as well as the nature of election, will be specified by law. (Art. 62)
Legislature
There are to be two hundred seventy members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly which, keeping in view the human, political, geographic and other similar factors, may increase by not more than twenty for each ten-year period from the date of the national referendum of the year 1368 of the solar Islamic calendar.
The Zoroastrians and Jews will each elect one representative; Assyrian and Chaldean Christians will jointly elect one representative; and Armenian Christians in the north and those in the south of the country will each elect one representative.
The limits of the election constituencies and the number of representatives will be determined by law. (Art. 64)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
The official religion of Iran is Islam and the Twelver Ja'farî school [in usul al-Dîn and fiqh], and this principle will remain eternally immutable. Other Islamic schools, including the Hanafî, Shafi'î, Malikî, Hanbalî, and Zaydî, are to be accorded full respect, and their followers are free to act in accordance with their own jurisprudence in performing their religious rites. These schools enjoy official status in matters pertaining to religious education, affairs of personal status (marriage, divorce, inheritance, and wills) and related litigation in courts of law. … (Art. 12)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
The dignity, life, property, rights, residence, and occupation of the individual are inviolate, except in cases sanctioned by law. (Art. 22)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
It is the right of every Iranian individual and family to possess housing commensurate with his needs. The government must make land available for the implementation of this article, according priority to those whose need is greatest, in particular the rural population and the workers. (Art. 31)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Private ownership, legitimately acquired, is to be respected. The relevant criteria are determined by law. (Art. 47)
Protection from Violence
The Islamic Republic is a system based on belief in:
…
6. the exalted dignity and value of man, and his freedom coupled with responsibility before God;
in which equity, justice, political, economic, social, and cultural independence, and national solidarity are secured by recourse to:
…
c. negation of all forms of oppression, both the infliction of and the submission to it, and of dominance, both its imposition and its acceptance. (Art. 2)
Protection from Violence
All forms of torture for the purpose of extracting confession or acquiring information are forbidden. … (Art. 38)
Protection from Violence
The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is based on the following criteria:
…
4. respect for the right to choose freely an occupation; refraining from compelling anyone to engage in a particular job; and preventing the exploitation of another's labor;
… (Art. 43)
Public Institutions and Services
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
12. the planning of a correct and just economic system, in accordance with Islamic criteria, in order to create welfare, eliminate poverty, and abolish all forms of deprivation with respect to food, housing, work, health care, and the provision of social insurance for all;
… (Art. 3)
Public Institutions and Services
The government must ensure the rights of women in all respects, in conformity with Islamic criteria, and accomplish the following goals:
…
2. the protection of mothers, particularly during pregnancy and childbearing, and the protection of children without guardians;
3. establishing competent courts to protect and preserve the family;
4. the provision of special insurance for widows, and aged women and women without support;
5. the awarding of guardianship of children to worthy mothers, in order to protect the interests of the children, in the absence of a legal guardian. (Art. 21)
Public Institutions and Services
The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is based on the following criteria:
1. the provision of basic necessities for all citizens: housing, food, clothing, hygiene, medical treatment, education, and the necessary facilities for the establishment of a family;
… (Art. 43)
Status of the Constitution
All civil, penal financial, economic, administrative, cultural, military, political, and other laws and regulations must be based on Islamic criteria. This principle applies absolutely and generally to all articles of the Constitution as well as to all other laws and regulations, and the wise persons of the Guardian Council are judges in this matter. (Art. 4)
Status of the Constitution
The Islamic Consultative Assembly cannot enact laws contrary to the official religion of the country or to the Constitution. It is the duty of the Guardian Council to determine whether a violation has occurred, in accordance with Article 96. (Art. 72)
Religious Law
The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran advances the cultural, social, political, and economic institutions of Iranian society based on Islamic principles and norms, which represent an honest aspiration of the Islamic Ummah. This aspiration was exemplified by the nature of the great Islamic Revolution of Iran, and by the course of the Muslim people's struggle, from its beginning until victory, as reflected in the decisive and forceful calls raised by all segments of the populations. Now, at the threshold of this great victory, our nation, with all its beings, seeks its fulfillment. … (Preamble)
Religious Law
… It now intends to establish an ideal and model society on the basis of Islamic norms. The mission of the Constitution is to realize the ideological objectives of the movement and to create conditions conducive to the development of man in accordance with the noble and universal values of Islam. … (The Form of Government in Islam, Preamble)
Religious Law
The judiciary is of vital importance in the context of safeguarding the rights of the people in accordance with the line followed by the Islamic movement, and the prevention of deviations within the Islamic nation. Provision has therefore been made for the creation of a judicial system based on Islamic justice and operated by just judges with meticulous knowledge of the Islamic laws. This system, because of its essentially sensitive nature and the need for full ideological conformity, must be free from every kind of unhealthy relation and connection (this is in accordance with the Koranic verse "When you judge among the people, judge with justice" ). (The Judiciary in the Constitution, Preamble)
Religious Law
The form of government of Iran is that of an Islamic Republic, endorsed by the people of Iran on the basis of their long-standing belief in the sovereignty of truth and Qur’anic justice … (Art. 1)
Religious Law
The Islamic Republic is a system based on belief in:
1. The One God (as stated in the phrase "There is no god except Allah"), His exclusive sovereignty and right to legislate, and the necessity of submission to His commands;
2. Divine revelation and its fundamental role in setting forth the laws;
... (Art. 2)
Religious Law
All civil, penal financial, economic, administrative, cultural, military, political, and other laws and regulations must be based on Islamic criteria. This principle applies absolutely and generally to all articles of the Constitution as well as to all other laws and regulations, and the wise persons of the Guardian Council are judges in this matter. (Art. 4)
Religious Law
Since the family is the fundamental unit of Islamic society, all laws, regulations, and pertinent programs must tend to facilitate the formation of a family, and to safeguard its sanctity and the stability of family relations on the basis of the law and the ethics of Islam. (Art. 10)
Religious Law
The official religion of Iran is Islam and the Twelver Ja'farî school [in usul al-Dîn and fiqh], and this principle will remain eternally immutable. Other Islamic schools, including the Hanafî, Shafi'î, Malikî, Hanbalî, and Zaydî, are to be accorded full respect, and their followers are free to act in accordance with their own jurisprudence in performing their religious rites. These schools enjoy official status in matters pertaining to religious education, affairs of personal status (marriage, divorce, inheritance, and wills) and related litigation in courts of law. In regions of the country where Muslims following any one of these schools of fiqh constitute the majority, local regulations, within the bounds of the jurisdiction of local councils, are to be in accordance with the respective school of fiqh, without infringing upon the rights of the followers of other schools. (Art. 12)
Religious Law
All citizens of the country, both men and women, equally enjoy the protection of the law and enjoy all human, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, in conformity with Islamic criteria. (Art. 20)
Religious Law
The Islamic Consultative Assembly cannot enact laws contrary to the official religion of the country or to the Constitution. It is the duty of the Guardian Council to determine whether a violation has occurred, in accordance with Article 96. (Art. 72)
Religious Law
After the demise of the eminent marji' al-taqlid and great leader of the universal Islamic revolution, and founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ayatullah al-'Uzma Imam Khumayni--quddisa sirruh al-sharif--who was recognised and accepted as marji' and Leader by a decisive majority of the people, the task of appointing the Leader shall be vested with the experts elected by the people. The experts will review and consult among themselves concerning all the fuqaha' possessing the qualifications specified in Articles 5 and 109. In the event they find one of them better versed in Islamic regulations, the subjects of the fiqh, or in political and social issues, or possessing general popularity or special prominence for any of the qualifications mentioned in Article 109, they shall elect him as the Leader. Otherwise, in the absence of such a superiority, they shall elect and declare one of them as the Leader. The Leader thus elected by the Assembly of Experts shall assume all the powers of the wilayat al-amr and all the responsibilities arising therefrom.
The Leader is equal with the rest of the people of the country in the eyes of law. (Art. 107)
Religious Law
… The contents of the Articles of the Constitution related to the Islamic character of the political system; the basis of all the rules and regulations according to Islamic criteria; the religious footing; the objectives of the Islamic Republic of Iran; the democratic character of the government; the wilayat al-'amr; the Imamate of Ummah; and the administration of the affairs of the country based on national referenda, official religion of Iran [Islam] and the school [Twelver Ja'fari] are unalterable. (Art. 177)
Women’s Rights
Through the creation of Islamic social infrastructures, all the elements of humanity that hitherto served the multifaceted foreign exploitation shall regain their true identity and human rights. As a part of this process, it is only natural that women should benefit from a particularly large augmentation of their rights, because of the greater oppression that they suffered under the taghuti regime. The family is the fundamental unit of society and the main centre for the growth and edification of human being. Compatibility with respect to belief and ideal, which provides the primary basis for man's development and growth, is the main consideration in the establishment of a family. It is the duty of the Islamic government to provide the necessary facilities for the attainment of this goal. This view of the family unit delivers woman from being regarded as an object or as an instrument in the service of promoting consumerism and exploitation. Not only does woman recover thereby her momentous and precious function of motherhood, rearing of ideologically committed human beings, she also assumes a pioneering social role and becomes the fellow struggler of man in all vital areas of life. Given the weighty responsibilities that woman thus assumes, she is accorded in Islam great value and nobility. (Woman in the Constitution, Preamble)
Women’s Rights
The government must ensure the rights of women in all respects, in conformity with Islamic criteria, and accomplish the following goals:
1. create a favorable environment for the growth of woman’s personality and the restoration of her rights, both the material and intellectual;
2. the protection of mothers, particularly during pregnancy and childbearing, and the protection of children without guardians;
3. establishing competent courts to protect and preserve the family;
4. the provision of special insurance for widows, and aged women and women without support;
5. the awarding of guardianship of children to worthy mothers, in order to protect the interests of the children, in the absence of a legal guardian. (Art. 21)
Citizenship and Nationality
تابعيت كشور ايران حق مسلم هر فرد ايراني و دولت نميتواند از هيچ ايراني سلب تابعيت كند، مگر به درخواست خود او يا در صورتي كه به تابعيت كشور ديگري درآيد. (اصل 41)
Citizenship and Nationality
اتباع خارجه ميتوانند در حدود قوانين به تابعيت ايران در آيند و سلب تابعيت اينگونه اشخاص در صورتي ممكن است كه دولت ديگري تابعيت آنها را بپذيرد يا خود آنها درخواست كنند. (اصل 42)
Jurisdiction and Access
كليه مصوبات مجلس شوراي اسلامي بايد به شوراي نگهبان فرستاده شود. شوراي نگهبان موظف است آن را حداكثر ظرف ده روز از تاريخ وصول از نظر انطباق بر موازين اسلام و قانون اساسي مورد بررسي قرار دهد و چنانچه آن را مغاير ببيند براي تجديد نظر به مجلس بازگرداند. در غير اين صورت مصوبه قابل اجرا است. (اصل94)
Jurisdiction and Access
تفسير قانون اساسي به عهده شوراي نگهبان است كه با تصويب سه چهارم آنان انجام ميشود. (اصل98)
Jurisdiction and Access
شوراي نگهبان نظارت بر انتخابات مجلس خبرگان رهبري، رياست جمهوري، مجلس شوراي اسلامي و مراجعه به آراء عمومي و همه پرسي را برعهده دارد. (اصل 99)
Education
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
...
3- آموزش و پرورش و تربيت بدني رايگان براي همه در تمام سطوح، و تسهيل و تعميم آموزش عالي
… (اصل 3)
Education
دولت موظف است وسايل آموزش و پرورش رايگان را براي همه ملت تا پايان دوره متوسطه فراهم سازد و وسايل تحصيلات عالي را تا سر حد خودكفايي كشور بهطور رايگان گسترش دهد. (اصل 30)
Employment Rights and Protection
... تأمين امكانات مساوي و متناسب و ايجاد كار براي همه افراد و رفع نيازهاي ضروري جهت استمرار حركت تكاملي او برعهده حكومت اسلامي است.
(اقتصاد وسيله است نه هدف، مقدمه)
Employment Rights and Protection
هر كس حق دارد شغلي را كه بدان مايل است و مخالف اسلام و مصالح عمومي و حقوق ديگران نيست برگزيند. دولت موظف است با رعايت نياز جامعه به مشاغل گوناگون، براي همه افراد امكان اشتغال به كار و شرايط مساوي را براي احراز مشاغل ايجاد نمايد. (اصل 28)
Employment Rights and Protection
براي تأمين استقلال اقتصادي جامعه و ريشهكن كردن فقر و محروميت و برآوردن نيازهاي انسان در جريان رشد، با حفظ آزادگي او، اقتصاد جمهوري اسلامي ايران بر اساس ضوابط زير استوار ميشود:
…
2- تأمين شرايط و امكانات كار براي همه بهمنظور رسيدن به اشتغال كامل و قرار دادن وسايل كار در اختيار همه كساني كه قادر به كارند ولي وسايل كار ندارند، در شكل تعاوني، از راه وام بدون بهره يا هر راه مشروع ديگر كه نه به تمركز و تداول ثروت در دست افراد و گروههاي خاص منتهي شود و نه دولت را بهصورت يك كارفرماي بزرگ مطلق درآورد. اين اقدام بايد با رعايت ضرورتهاي حاكم بر برنامهريزي عمومي اقتصاد كشور در هر يك از مراحل رشد صورت گيرد.
–3- تنظيم برنامه اقتصادي كشور به صورتي كه شكل و محتوا و ساعت كار چنان باشد كه هر فرد علاوه بر تلاش شغلي، فرصت و توان كافي براي خودسازي معنوي، سياسي و اجتماعي و شركت فعال در رهبري كشور و افزايش مهارت و ابتكار داشته باشد.
–4- رعايت آزادي انتخاب شغل، و عدم اجبار افراد به كاري معين و جلوگيري از بهرهكشي از كار ديگري.
... (اصل 43)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
…
9- رفع تبعيضات ناروا و ايجاد امكانات عادلانه براي همه، در تمام زمينههاي مادي و معنوي.
…
14- تأمين حقوق همهجانبه افراد از زن و مرد و ايجاد امنيت قضايي عادلانه براي همه و تساوي عموم در برابر قانون.
… (اصل3)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
مردم ايران از هر قوم و قبيله كه باشند از حقوق مساوي برخوردارند و رنگ، نژاد، زبان و مانند اينها سبب امتياز نخواهد بود. (اصل19)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
همه افراد ملت اعم از زن و مرد يكسان در حمايت قانون قرار دارند و از همه حقوق انساني، سياسي، اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي با رعايت موازين اسلام برخوردارند. (اصل 20)
Obligations of the State
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
...
7- تأمين آزاديهاي سياسي و اجتماعي در حدود قانون.
…
14- تأمين حقوق همهجانبه افراد از زن و مرد و ايجاد امنيت قضايي عادلانه براي همه و تساوي عموم در برابر قانون.
… (اصل3)
Obligations of the State
به حكم آيه شريفه"لاينهاكمالله عنالذين لم يقاتلوكم فيالدين و لم يخرجوكم من دياركم ان تبروهم و تقسطوا اليهم انالله يحب المقسطين"دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران و مسلمانان موظفند نسبت به افراد غير مسلمان با اخلاق حسنه و قسط و عدل اسلامي عمل نمايند و حقوق انساني آنان را رعايت كنند. اين اصل در حق كساني اعتبار دارد كه بر ضد اسلام و جمهوري اسلامي ايران توطئه و اقدام نكنند. (اصل14)
Obligations of the State
حيثيت، جان، مال، حقوق، مسكن و شغل اشخاص از تعرض مصون است مگر در مواردي كه قانون تجويز كند. (اصل 22 )
Obligations of Private Parties
به حكم آيه شريفه "يخرجوكم من دياركم ان تبروهم و تقسطوا اليهم انالله يحب المقسطين"دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران و مسلمانان موظفند نسبت به افراد غير مسلمان با اخلاق حسنه و قسط و عدل اسلامي عمل نمايند و حقوق انساني آنان را رعايت كنند. اين اصل در حق كساني اعتبار دارد كه بر ضد اسلام و جمهوري اسلامي ايران توطئه و اقدام نكنند. (اصل 14)
Obligations of Private Parties
هيچكس نميتواند اعمال حق خويش را وسيله اضرار به
غير يا تجاوز به منافع عمومي قرار دهد. (اصل 40)
Judicial Protection
مساله قضاء در رابطه با پاسداري از حقوق مردم در خط حركت اسلامي، بمنظور پيشگيري از انحرافات موضعي در درون امت اسلامي امري است حياتي، …(قضاء در قانون اساسي، مقدمه)
Judicial Protection
قوه قضائيه قوهاي است مستقل كه پشتيبان حقوق فردي و اجتماعي و مسئول تحقق بخشيدن به عدالت و عهدهدار وظايف زير است:
1- رسيدگي و صدور حكم درمورد تظلمات، تعديات، شكايات، حل و فصل دعاوي و رفع خصومات و اخذ تصميم و اقدام لازم در آن قسمت از امور حسبيه، كه قانون معين ميكند.
… (اصل 156)
Limitations and/or Derogations
... هيچ مقامي حق ندارد بهنام حفظ استقلال و تماميت ارضي كشور آزاديهاي مشروع را، هر چند با وضع قوانين و مقررات، سلب
كند. (اصل 9)
Limitations and/or Derogations
هيچكس نميتواند اعمال حق خويش را وسيله اضرار به
غير يا تجاوز به منافع عمومي قرار دهد. (اصل 40)
Marriage and Family Life
... خانواده واحد بنيادين جامعه و كانون اصلي رشد و تعالي انسان است و توافق عقيدتي و آرماني در تشكيل خانواده كه زمينهساز اصلي حركت تكاملي و رشديابنده انسان است اصل اساسي بوده و فراهم كردن امكانات جهت نيل به اين مقصود از وظايف حكومت اسلامي است، زن در چنين برداشتي از واحد خانواده، از حالت(شيئ بودن) و يا((ابزار كار بودن) در خدمت اشاعه مصرفزدگي و استثمار، خارج شده و ضمن بازيافتن وظيفه خطير و پر ارج مادري در پرورش انسانهاي مكتبي پيش آهنگ و خود همرزم مردان در ميدانهاي فعال حيات ميباشد و در نتيجه پذيراي مسئوليتي خطيرتر و در ديدگاه اسلامي برخوردار از ارزش و كرامتي والاتر خواهد بود.
(زن در قانون اساسي، مقدمه)
Marriage and Family Life
از آنجا كه خانواده واحد بنيادي جامعه اسلامي است، همه قوانين و مقررات و برنامهريزيهاي مربوط بايد در جهت آسانكردن تشكيل خانواده، پاسداري از قداست آن و استواري روابط خانوادگي بر پايه حقوق و اخلاق اسلامي باشد. (اصل 10)
Marriage and Family Life
دين رسمي ايران، اسلام و مذهب جعفري اثني عشري است و اين اصل اليالابد غيرقابل تغيير است و مذاهب ديگر اسلامي اعم از حنفي، شافعي، مالكي، حنبلي و زيدي داراي احترام كامل ميباشند و پيروان اين مذاهب در انجام مراسم مذهبي، طبق فقه خودشان آزادند و در تعليم و تربيت ديني و احوال شخصيه(ازدواج، طلاق، ارث و وصيت)و دعاوي مربوط به آن در دادگاهها رسميت دارند و. ... (اصل 12)
Marriage and Family Life
دولت موظف است حقوق زن را در تمام جهات با رعايت موازين اسلامي تضمين نمايد و امور زير را انجام دهد:
…
2- حمايت مادران، بالخصوص در دوران بارداري و حضانت فرزند، و حمايت از كودكان بيسرپرست.
3- ايجاد دادگاه صالح براي حفظ كيان و بقاي خانواده.
4- ايجاد بيمه خاص بيوگان و زنان سالخورده و بيسرپرست.
5- اعطاي قيمومت فرزندان به مادران شايسته در جهت غبطه آنها در صورت نبودن ولي شرعي. (اصل 21)
Marriage and Family Life
داشتن مسكن متناسب با نياز، حق هر فرد و خانواده ايراني است. دولت موظف است با رعايت اولويت براي آنها كه نيازمندترند بهخصوص روستانشينان و كارگران زمينه اجراي اين اصل را فراهم كند. (اصل 31)
Marriage and Family Life
براي تأمين استقلال اقتصادي جامعه و ريشهكن كردن فقر و محروميت و برآوردن نيازهاي انسان در جريان رشد، با حفظ آزادگي او، اقتصاد جمهوري اسلامي ايران بر اساس ضوابط زير استوار ميشود:
1- تأمين نيازهاي اساسي: مسكن، خوراك، پوشاك، بهداشت، درمان، آموزش و پرورش و امكانات لازم براي تشكيل خانواده براي همه.
… (اصل 43)
Minorities
ايرانيان زرتشتي، كليمي و مسيحي تنها اقليتهاي ديني شناخته ميشوند كه در حدود قانون در انجام مراسم ديني خود آزادند و در احوال شخصيه و تعليمات ديني بر طبق آيين خود عمل ميكنند. (اصل 13)
Minorities
به حكم آيه شريفه"لاينهاكمالله عنالذين لم يقاتلوكم فيالدين و لم يخرجوكم من دياركم ان تبروهم و تقسطوا اليهم انالله يحب المقسطين"دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران و مسلمانان موظفند نسبت به افراد غير مسلمان با اخلاق حسنه و قسط و عدل اسلامي عمل نمايند و حقوق انساني آنان را رعايت كنند. اين اصل در حق كساني اعتبار دارد كه بر ضد اسلام و جمهوري اسلامي ايران توطئه و اقدام نكنند. (اصل 14)
Minorities
مردم ايران از هر قوم و قبيله كه باشند از حقوق مساوي برخوردارند و رنگ، نژاد، زبان و مانند اينها سبب امتياز نخواهد بود. (اصل 19)
Minorities
احزاب، جمعيتها، انجمنهاي سياسي و صنفي و انجمنهاي اسلامي يا اقليتهاي ديني شناخته شده آزادند، مشروط به اين كه اصول استقلال، آزادي، وحدت ملي، موازين اسلامي و اساس جمهوري اسلامي را نقض نكنند. هيچكس را نميتوان از شركت در آنها منع كرد يا به شركت در يكي از آنها مجبور ساخت. (اصل 26)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
... زن در چنين برداشتي از واحد خانواده، از حالت (شيئ بودن) و يا (ابزار كار بودن) در خدمت اشاعه مصرفزدگي و استثمار، خارج شده و ضمن بازيافتن وظيفه خطير و پر ارج مادري در پرورش انسانهاي مكتبي پيش آهنگ و خود همرزم مردان در ميدانهاي فعال حيات ميباشد و در نتيجه پذيراي مسئوليتي خطيرتر و در ديدگاه اسلامي برخوردار از ارزش و كرامتي والاتر خواهد بود.
(زن در قانون اساسي، مقدمه)Participation in Public Life and Institutions
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
…
8- مشاركت عامه مردم در تعيين سرنوشت سياسي، اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي خويش.
… (اصل 3)
Political Rights and Association
… با توجه به اين جهت قانون اساسي زمينه چنين مشاركتي را در تمام مراحل تصميمگيريهاي سياسي و سرنوشتساز براي همه افراد اجتماع فراهم ميسازد …
(شيوه حكومت در اسلام، مقدمه)
Political Rights and Association
همه افراد ملت اعم از زن و مرد يكسان در حمايت قانون قرار دارند و از همه حقوق انساني، سياسي، اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي با رعايت موازين اسلام برخوردارند. (اصل 20)
Political Rights and Association
احزاب، جمعيتها، انجمنهاي سياسي و صنفي و انجمنهاي اسلامي يا اقليتهاي ديني شناخته شده آزادند، مشروط به اين كه اصول استقلال، آزادي، وحدت ملي، موازين اسلامي و اساس جمهوري اسلامي را نقض نكنند. هيچكس را نميتوان از شركت در آنها منع كرد يا به شركت در يكي ازآنها مجبور ساخت. (اصل 26)
Political Parties
احزاب، جمعيتها، انجمنهاي سياسي و صنفي و انجمنهاي اسلامي يا اقليتهاي ديني شناخته شده آزادند، مشروط به اين كه اصول استقلال، آزادي، وحدت ملي، موازين اسلامي و اساس جمهوري اسلامي را نقض نكنند. هيچكس را نميتوان از شركت در آنها منع كرد يا به شركت در يكي از آنها مجبور ساخت. (اصل 26)
Electoral Bodies
بهمنظور پاسداري از احكام اسلام و قانون اساسي از نظر عدم مغايرت مصوبات، مجلس شوراي اسلامي با آنها، شورايي به نام شوراي نگهبان با تركيب زير تشكيل مي شود:
1 - شش نفر از فقهاي عادل و آگاه به مقتضيات زمان و مسايل روز. انتخاب اين عده با مقام رهبري است.
2 - شش نفر حقوقدان، در رشتههاي مختلف حقوقي، از ميان حقوقدانان مسلماني كه به وسيله رئيس قوه قضائيه به مجلس شوراي اسلامي معرفي ميشوند و با رأي مجلس انتخاب ميگردند. (اصل91)
Electoral Bodies
شوراي نگهبان نظارت بر انتخابات مجلس خبرگان رهبري، رياست جمهوري، مجلس شوراي اسلامي و مراجعه به آراء عمومي و همه پرسي را برعهده دارد. (اصل 99)
Head of State
پس از مقام رهبري رئيسجمهور عاليترين مقام رسمي كشور است و مسئوليت اجراي قانون اساسي و رياست قوه مجريه را جز در اموري كه مستقيماً به رهبري مربوط ميشود، برعهده دارد. (اصل 113)
Head of State
رئيسجمهور براي مدت چهار سال با رأي مستقيم مردم انتخاب ميشود و انتخاب مجدد او بهصورت متوالي تنها براي يك دوره بلامانع است. (اصل114)
Head of State
رئيسجمهور بايد از ميان رجال مذهبي و سياسي كه واجد شرايط زير باشند انتخاب گردد: ايرانيالاصل، تابع ايران، مدير و مدبر، داراي حسن سابقه و امانت و تقوي، مؤمن و معتقد به مباني جمهوري اسلامي ايران و مذهب رسمي كشور. (اصل 115)
Government
وزرا توسط رئيسجمهور تعيين و براي گرفتن رأي اعتماد به مجلس معرفي ميشوند با تغيير مجلس، گرفتن رأي اعتماد جديد براي وزرا لازم نيست. تعداد وزيران و حدود اختيارات هر يك از آنان را قانون معين ميكند. (اصل 133)
Government
رياست هياتوزيران با رئيسجمهور است كه بر كار وزيران نظارت دارد و با اتخاذ تدابير لازم به هماهنگ ساختن تصميمهاي وزيران و هيأتدولت ميپردازد … (اصل 134)
Legislature
اعمال قوه مقننه از طريق مجلس شوراي اسلامي است كه از نمايندگان منتخب مردم تشكيل ميشود. … (اصل 58)
Legislature
مجلس شوراي اسلامي از نمايندگان ملت كه بهطور مستقيم و با رأي مخفي انتخاب ميشوند تشكيل ميگردد. شرايط انتخاب كنندگان و انتخاب شوندگان و كيفيت انتخابات را قانون معين خواهد كرد. (اصل 62)
Legislature
عده نمايندگان مجلس شوراي اسلامي دويست و هفتاد نفر است و از تاريخ همه پرسي سال يكهزار و سيصد و شصت و هشت هجري شمسي پس از هر ده سال، با در نظر گرفتن عوامل انساني، سياسي، جغرافيايي و نظاير آنها حداكثر بيست نفر نماينده ميتواند اضافه شود. زرتشتيان و كليميان هر كدام يك نماينده و مسيحيان آشوري و كلداني مجموعا يك نماينده و مسيحيان ارمني جنوب و شمال هر كدام يك نماينده انتخاب ميكنند. محدوده حوزههاي انتخابيه و تعداد نمايندگان را قانون معين ميكند .(اصل 64)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
دين رسمي ايران، اسلام و مذهب جعفري اثني عشري است و اين اصل اليالابد غيرقابل تغيير است و مذاهب ديگر اسلامي اعم از حنفي، شافعي، مالكي، حنبلي و زيدي داراي احترام كامل ميباشند و پيروان اين مذاهب در انجام مراسم مذهبي، طبق فقه خودشان آزادند و در تعليم و تربيت ديني و احوال شخصيه(ازدواج، طلاق، ارث و وصيت)و دعاوي مربوط به آن در دادگاهها رسميت دارند و. ... (اصل 12)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
حيثيت، جان، مال، حقوق، مسكن و شغل اشخاص از تعرض مصون است مگر در مواردي كه قانون تجويز كند. (اصل22)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
داشتن مسكن متناسب با نياز، حق هر فرد و خانواده ايراني است. دولت موظف است با رعايت اولويت براي آنها كه نيازمندترند بهخصوص روستانشينان و كارگران زمينه اجراي اين اصل را فراهم كند. (اصل 31)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
مالكيت شخصي كه از راه مشروع باشد محترم است. ضوابط آن را قانون معين ميكند. (اصل 47)
Protection from Violence
جمهوري اسلامي، نظامي است بر پايه ايمان به:
…
6- كرامت و ارزش والاي انسان و آزادي توام با مسئوليت او در برابر خدا، كه از راه:
...
ج- نفي هرگونه ستمگري و ستمكشي و سلطهگري و سلطهپذيري، قسط و عدل و استقلال سياسي و اقتصادي و اجتماعي و فرهنگي و همبستگي ملي را تأمين ميكند. (اصل 2)
Protection from Violence
هر گونه شكنجه براي گرفتن اقرار و يا كسب اطلاع
ممنوع است. ... (اصل 38)
Protection from Violence
براي تأمين استقلال اقتصادي جامعه و ريشهكن كردن فقر و محروميت و برآوردن نيازهاي انسان در جريان رشد، با حفظ آزادگي او، اقتصاد جمهوري اسلامي ايران بر اساس ضوابط زير استوار ميشود:
...
4- رعايت آزادي انتخاب شغل، و عدم اجبار افراد به كاري معين و جلوگيري از بهرهكشي از كار ديگري.
… (اصل 43)
Public Institutions and Services
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
…
12- پيريزي اقتصاد صحيح و عادلانه برطبق ضوابط اسلامي جهت ايجاد رفاه و رفع فقر و برطرف ساختن هر نوع محروميت در زمينههاي تغذيه و مسكن و كار و بهداشت و تعميم بيمه.
… ( اصل 3)
Public Institutions and Services
دولت موظف است حقوق زن را در تمام جهات با رعايت موازين اسلامي تضمين نمايد و امور زير را انجام دهد:
…
2- حمايت مادران، بالخصوص در دوران بارداري و حضانت فرزند، و حمايت از كودكان بيسرپرست.
3- ايجاد دادگاه صالح براي حفظ كيان و بقاي خانواده.
4- ايجاد بيمه خاص بيوگان و زنان سالخورده و بيسرپرست.
5- اعطاي قيمومت فرزندان به مادران شايسته در جهت غبطه آنها در صورت نبودن ولي شرعي .(اصل 21)
Public Institutions and Services
براي تأمين استقلال اقتصادي جامعه و ريشهكن كردن فقر و محروميت و برآوردن نيازهاي انسان در جريان رشد، با حفظ آزادگي او، اقتصاد جمهوري اسلامي ايران بر اساس ضوابط زير استوار ميشود:
1- تأمين نيازهاي اساسي: مسكن، خوراك، پوشاك، بهداشت، درمان، آموزش و پرورش و امكانات لازم براي تشكيل خانواده براي همه.
… (اصل 43)
Status of the Constitution
كليه قوانين و مقررات مدني، جزايي، مالي، اقتصادي، اداري، فرهنگي، نظامي، سياسي و غير اينها بايد براساس موازين اسلامي باشد. اين اصل بر اطلاق با عموم همه اصول قانون اساسي و قوانين و مقررات ديگر حاكم است و تشخيص اين امر بر عهده فقهاء شوراي نگهبان است. (اصل 4)
Status of the Constitution
مجلس شوراي اسلامي نميتواند قوانيني وضع كند كه با اصول و احكام مذهب رسمي كشور يا قانون اساسي مغايرت داشته باشد. تشخيص اين امر به ترتيبي كه در اصل نود و ششم آمده برعهده شوراي نگهبان است. (اصل 72)
Religious Law
قانون اساسي جمهوري اسلامي ايران مبين نهادهاي فرهنگي، اجتماعي، سياسي و اقتصادي جامعه ايران بر اساس اصول و ضوابط اسلامي است كه انعكاس خواست قلبي امت اسلامي ميباشد. ماهيت انقلاب عظيم اسلامي ايران و روند مبارزه مردم مسلمان از ابتدا تا پيروزي كه در شعارهاي قاطع و كوبنده همه قشرهاي مردم تبلور مييافت اين خواست اساسي را مشخص كرده و اكنون در طليعه اين پيروزي بزرگ، ملت ما با تمام وجود نيل به آنرا ميطلبد. ... (مقدمه)
Religious Law
Religious Law
مساله قضاء در رابطه با پاسداري از حقوق مردم در خط حركت اسلامي، بمنظور پيشگيري از انحرافات موضعي در درون امت اسلامي امري است حياتي، از اينرو ايجاد سيستم قضائي بر پايه عدل اسلامي و متشكل از قضات عادل و آشنا به ضوابط دقيق ديني پيشبيني شده است، اين نظام بهدليل حساسيت بنيادي و دقت در مكتبي بودن آن لازم است بهدور از هر نوع رابطه و مناسبات ناسالم باشد.(و اذا حكمتم بينالناس ان تحكموا بالعدل.) (قضاء در قانون اساسي، مقدمه)
Religious Law
حكومت ايران جمهوري اسلامي است كه ملت ايران، براساس اعتقاد ديرينهاش به حكومت حق و عدل قرآن به آن راي مثبت داد. ...
(اصل 1)
Religious Law
جمهوري اسلامي، نظامي است بر پايه ايمان به:
1- خداي يكتا(لااله الاالله) و اختصاص حاكميت و تشريع به او و لزوم تسليم در برابر امر او.
2- وحي الهي و نقش بنيادي آن در بيان قوانين.
... (اصل 2)
Religious Law
كليه قوانين و مقررات مدني، جزايي، مالي، اقتصادي، اداري، فرهنگي، نظامي، سياسي و غير اينها بايد براساس موازين اسلامي باشد. اين اصل بر اطلاق با عموم همه اصول قانون اساسي و قوانين و مقررات ديگر حاكم است و تشخيص اين امر بر عهده فقهاء شوراي نگهبان است. (اص 4)
Religious Law
از آنجا كه خانواده واحد بنيادي جامعه اسلامي است، همه قوانين و مقررات و برنامهريزيهاي مربوط بايد در جهت آسانكردن تشكيل خانواده، پاسداري از قداست آن و استواري روابط خانوادگي بر پايه حقوق و اخلاق اسلامي باشد. (اصل 10)
Religious Law
دين رسمي ايران، اسلام و مذهب جعفري اثني عشري است و اين اصل اليالابد غيرقابل تغيير است و مذاهب ديگر اسلامي اعم از حنفي، شافعي، مالكي، حنبلي و زيدي داراي احترام كامل ميباشند و پيروان اين مذاهب در انجام مراسم مذهبي، طبق فقه خودشان آزادند و در تعليم و تربيت ديني و احوال شخصيه (ازدواج، طلاق، ارث و وصيت) و دعاوي مربوط به آن در دادگاهها رسميت دارند و در هر منطقهاي كه پيروان هر يك از اين مذاهب اكثريت داشته باشند، مقررات محلي در حدود اختيارات شوراها برطبق آن مذهب خواهد بود، با حفظ حقوق پيروان ساير مذاهب. (اصل 12)
Religious Law
همه افراد ملت اعم از زن و مرد يكسان در حمايت قانون قرار دارند و از همه حقوق انساني، سياسي، اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي با رعايت موازين اسلام برخوردارند. (اصل 20)
Religious Law
مجلس شوراي اسلامي نميتواند قوانيني وضع كند كه با اصول و احكام مذهب رسمي كشور يا قانون اساسي مغايرت داشته باشد. تشخيص اين امر به ترتيبي كه در اصل نود و ششم آمده برعهده شوراي نگهبان است. (اصل 72)
Religious Law
پس از مرجع عاليقدر تقليد و رهبر كبير انقلاب جهاني اسلام و بنيانگذار جمهوري اسلامي ايران حضرت آيتالله العظمي امام خميني"قدس سره الشريف"، كه از طرف اكثريت قاطع مردم به مرجعيت و رهبري شناخته و پذيرفته شدند، تعيين رهبر بهعهده خبرگان منتخب مردم است. خبرگان رهبري درباره همه فقها واجد شرايط مذكور در اصول پنجم و يكصد و نهم بررسي و مشورت ميكنند هر گاه يكي از آنان را اعلم به احكام و موضوعات فقهي يا مسايل سياسي و اجتماعي يا داراي مقبوليت عامه يا واجد برجستگي خاص در يكي از صفات مذكور در اصل يكصد و نهم تشخيص دهند او را به رهبري انتخاب ميكنند و در غير اين صورت يكي از آنان را به عنوان رهبر انتخاب و معرفي مينمايند. رهبر منتخب خبرگان، ولايت امر و همه مسئوليتهاي ناشي از آن را برعهده خواهد داشت. رهبر در برابر قوانين با ساير افراد كشور مساوي است. (اصل 107)
Religious Law
… محتواي اصول مربوط به اسلامي بودن نظام و ابتناي كليه قوانين و مقررات بر اساس موازين اسلامي و پايههاي ايماني و اهداف جمهوري اسلامي ايران و جمهوري بودن حكومت و ولايت امر و امامت امت و نيز اداره امور كشور با اتكاء به آراء عمومي و دين و مذهب رسمي ايران (تغييرناپذير است. (اصل 177)
Women’s Rights
در ایجاد بنیادهای اجتماعی اسلامی، نیروهای انسانی که تاکنون درخدمت استثمار همهجانبه خارجی بودند هویت اصلی و حقوق انسانی خود را باز مییابند و در این بازیابی طبیعی است که زنان بهدلیل ستم بیشتری که تاکنون از نظام طاغوتی متحمل شدهانداستیفای حقوق آنان بیشتر خواهد بود.خانواده واحد بنیادین جامعه و کانون اصلی رشد و تعالی انساناست و توافق عقیدتی و آرمانی در تشکیل خانواده که زمینهسازاصلی حرکت تکاملی و رشد یابنده انسان است اصل اساسی بوده وفراهمکردن امکانات جهت نیل به این مقصود از وظایف حکومتاسلامی است. زن در چنین برداشتی از واحد خانواده، از حالت(شیء بودن) و یا (ابزار کاربودن) در خدمت اشاعه مصرفزدگی واستثمار، خارج شده و ضمن بازیافتن وظیفه خطیر و پرارج مادریدر پرورش انسانهای مکتبی پیشاهنگ و خود همرزم مردان درمیدانهای فعال حیات میباشد و در نتیجه پذیرای مسوولیتیخطیرتر و در دیدگاه اسلامی برخوردار از ارزش و کرامتی والاترخواهد بود. (زن در قانون اساسی، مقدمه)
Women’s Rights
دولت موظف است حقوق زن را در تمام جهات با رعايت موازين اسلامي تضمين نمايد و امور زير را انجام دهد:
1- ايجاد زمينههاي مساعد براي رشد شخصيت زن و احيا حقوق مادي و معنوي او.
2- حمايت مادران، بالخصوص در دوران بارداري و حضانت فرزند، و حمايت از كودكان بيسرپرست.
3- ايجاد دادگاه صالح براي حفظ كيان و بقاي خانواده.
4- ايجاد بيمه خاص بيوگان و زنان سالخورده و بيسرپرست.
5- اعطاي قيمومت فرزندان به مادران شايسته در جهت غبطه آنها در صورت نبودن ولي شرعي. (اصل 21)
Citizenship and Nationality
English
Iranian citizenship is the indisputable right of every Iranian, and the government cannot withdraw citizenship from any Iranian unless he himself requests it or acquires the citizenship of another country. (Art. 41)
Persian
تابعيت كشور ايران حق مسلم هر فرد ايراني و دولت نميتواند از هيچ ايراني سلب تابعيت كند، مگر به درخواست خود او يا در صورتي كه به تابعيت كشور ديگري درآيد. (اصل 41)
Citizenship and Nationality
English
Foreign nationals may acquire Iranian citizenship within the framework of the laws. Citizenship may be withdrawn from such persons if another State accepts them as its citizens or if they request it. (Art. 42)
Persian
اتباع خارجه ميتوانند در حدود قوانين به تابعيت ايران در آيند و سلب تابعيت اينگونه اشخاص در صورتي ممكن است كه دولت ديگري تابعيت آنها را بپذيرد يا خود آنها درخواست كنند. (اصل 42)
Jurisdiction and Access
English
All legislation passed by the Islamic Consultative Assembly must be sent to the Guardian Council. The Guardian Council must review it within a maximum of ten days from its receipt with a view to ensuring its compatibility with the criteria of Islam and the Constitution. If it finds the legislation incompatible, it will return it to the Assembly for review. Otherwise the legislation will be deemed enforceable. (Art. 94)
Persian
كليه مصوبات مجلس شوراي اسلامي بايد به شوراي نگهبان فرستاده شود. شوراي نگهبان موظف است آن را حداكثر ظرف ده روز از تاريخ وصول از نظر انطباق بر موازين اسلام و قانون اساسي مورد بررسي قرار دهد و چنانچه آن را مغاير ببيند براي تجديد نظر به مجلس بازگرداند. در غير اين صورت مصوبه قابل اجرا است. (اصل94)
Jurisdiction and Access
English
The authority of the interpretation of the Constitution is vested with the Guardian Council, which is to be done with the consent of three-fourths of its members. (Art. 98)
Persian
تفسير قانون اساسي به عهده شوراي نگهبان است كه با تصويب سه چهارم آنان انجام ميشود. (اصل98)
Jurisdiction and Access
English
The Guardian Council has the responsibility of supervising the elections of the Assembly of Experts for Leadership, the President of the Republic, the Islamic Consultative Assembly, and the direct recourse to popular opinion and referenda. (Art. 99)
Persian
شوراي نگهبان نظارت بر انتخابات مجلس خبرگان رهبري، رياست جمهوري، مجلس شوراي اسلامي و مراجعه به آراء عمومي و همه پرسي را برعهده دارد. (اصل 99)
Education
English
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
3. free education and physical training for everyone at all levels, and the facilitation and expansion of higher education;
… (Art. 3)
Persian
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
...
3- آموزش و پرورش و تربيت بدني رايگان براي همه در تمام سطوح، و تسهيل و تعميم آموزش عالي
… (اصل 3)
Education
English
The government must provide all citizens with free education up to end of secondary school, and must expand free higher education to the extent required by the country for attaining self-sufficiency. (Art. 30)
Persian
دولت موظف است وسايل آموزش و پرورش رايگان را براي همه ملت تا پايان دوره متوسطه فراهم سازد و وسايل تحصيلات عالي را تا سر حد خودكفايي كشور بهطور رايگان گسترش دهد. (اصل 30)
Employment Rights and Protection
English
… it is the duty of the Islamic government to furnish all citizens with equal and appropriate opportunities, to provide them with work, and to satisfy their essential needs, so that the course of their progress may be assured. (The Economy is a Means, Not an End, Preamble)
Persian
... تأمين امكانات مساوي و متناسب و ايجاد كار براي همه افراد و رفع نيازهاي ضروري جهت استمرار حركت تكاملي او برعهده حكومت اسلامي است.
(اقتصاد وسيله است نه هدف، مقدمه)
Employment Rights and Protection
English
Everyone has the right to choose any occupation he wishes, if it is not contrary to Islam and the public interests, and does not infringe the rights of others. The Government is bound, with due regard for the needs of society for a variety of employment for all men, to create the possibility of employment, and equal opportunities for obtaining it. (Art. 28)
Persian
هر كس حق دارد شغلي را كه بدان مايل است و مخالف اسلام و مصالح عمومي و حقوق ديگران نيست برگزيند. دولت موظف است با رعايت نياز جامعه به مشاغل گوناگون، براي همه افراد امكان اشتغال به كار و شرايط مساوي را براي احراز مشاغل ايجاد نمايد. (اصل 28)
Employment Rights and Protection
English
The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is based on the following criteria:
…
2. ensuring conditions and opportunities of employment for everyone, with a view to attaining full employment; placing the means of work at the disposal of everyone who is able to work but lacks the means, in the form of cooperatives, through granting interest free loans or recourse to any other legitimate means that neither results in the concentration or circulation of wealth in the hands of a few individuals or groups, nor turns the government into a major absolute employer. These steps must be taken with due regard for the requirements governing the general economic planning of the country at each stage of its growth;
3. the plan for the national economy, must be structured in such a manner that the form, content, and hours of work of every individual will allow him sufficient leisure and energy to engage, beyond his professional endeavour, in intellectual, political, and social activities leading to all-round development of his self, to take active part in leading the affairs of the country, improve his skills, and to make full use of his creativity;
4. respect for the right to choose freely one's occupation; refraining from compelling anyone to engage in a particular job; and preventing the exploitation of another's labour;
… (Art. 43)
Persian
براي تأمين استقلال اقتصادي جامعه و ريشهكن كردن فقر و محروميت و برآوردن نيازهاي انسان در جريان رشد، با حفظ آزادگي او، اقتصاد جمهوري اسلامي ايران بر اساس ضوابط زير استوار ميشود:
…
2- تأمين شرايط و امكانات كار براي همه بهمنظور رسيدن به اشتغال كامل و قرار دادن وسايل كار در اختيار همه كساني كه قادر به كارند ولي وسايل كار ندارند، در شكل تعاوني، از راه وام بدون بهره يا هر راه مشروع ديگر كه نه به تمركز و تداول ثروت در دست افراد و گروههاي خاص منتهي شود و نه دولت را بهصورت يك كارفرماي بزرگ مطلق درآورد. اين اقدام بايد با رعايت ضرورتهاي حاكم بر برنامهريزي عمومي اقتصاد كشور در هر يك از مراحل رشد صورت گيرد.
–3- تنظيم برنامه اقتصادي كشور به صورتي كه شكل و محتوا و ساعت كار چنان باشد كه هر فرد علاوه بر تلاش شغلي، فرصت و توان كافي براي خودسازي معنوي، سياسي و اجتماعي و شركت فعال در رهبري كشور و افزايش مهارت و ابتكار داشته باشد.
–4- رعايت آزادي انتخاب شغل، و عدم اجبار افراد به كاري معين و جلوگيري از بهرهكشي از كار ديگري.
... (اصل 43)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
English
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
9. the abolition of all forms of undesirable discrimination and the provision of equitable opportunities for all, in both the material and intellectual spheres;
…
14. securing the multifarious rights of all citizens, both women and men, and providing legal protection for all, as well as the equality of all before the law;
… (Art. 3)
Persian
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
…
9- رفع تبعيضات ناروا و ايجاد امكانات عادلانه براي همه، در تمام زمينههاي مادي و معنوي.
…
14- تأمين حقوق همهجانبه افراد از زن و مرد و ايجاد امنيت قضايي عادلانه براي همه و تساوي عموم در برابر قانون.
… (اصل3)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
English
All people of Iran, whatever the ethnic group or tribe to which they belong, enjoy equal rights; and colour, race, language, and the like, do not bestow any privilege. (Art. 19)
Persian
مردم ايران از هر قوم و قبيله كه باشند از حقوق مساوي برخوردارند و رنگ، نژاد، زبان و مانند اينها سبب امتياز نخواهد بود. (اصل19)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
English
All citizens of the country, both men and women, equally enjoy the protection of the law and enjoy all human, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, in conformity with Islamic criteria. (Art. 20)
Persian
همه افراد ملت اعم از زن و مرد يكسان در حمايت قانون قرار دارند و از همه حقوق انساني، سياسي، اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي با رعايت موازين اسلام برخوردارند. (اصل 20)
Obligations of the State
English
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
7. ensuring political and social freedoms within the framework of the law;
…
14. securing the multifarious rights of all citizens, both women and men, and providing legal protection for all, as well as the equality of all before the law;
… (Art. 3)
Persian
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
...
7- تأمين آزاديهاي سياسي و اجتماعي در حدود قانون.
…
14- تأمين حقوق همهجانبه افراد از زن و مرد و ايجاد امنيت قضايي عادلانه براي همه و تساوي عموم در برابر قانون.
… (اصل3)
Obligations of the State
English
In accordance with the sacred verse "God does not forbid you to deal kindly and justly with those who have not fought against you because of your religion and who have not expelled you from your homes" [60:8], the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran and all Muslims are duty-bound to treat non-Muslims in conformity with ethical norms and the principles of Islamic justice and equity, and to respect their human rights. This principle applies to all who refrain from engaging in conspiracy or activity against Islam and the Islamic Republic of Iran. (Art. 14)
Persian
به حكم آيه شريفه"لاينهاكمالله عنالذين لم يقاتلوكم فيالدين و لم يخرجوكم من دياركم ان تبروهم و تقسطوا اليهم انالله يحب المقسطين"دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران و مسلمانان موظفند نسبت به افراد غير مسلمان با اخلاق حسنه و قسط و عدل اسلامي عمل نمايند و حقوق انساني آنان را رعايت كنند. اين اصل در حق كساني اعتبار دارد كه بر ضد اسلام و جمهوري اسلامي ايران توطئه و اقدام نكنند. (اصل14)
Obligations of the State
English
The dignity, life, property, rights, residence, and occupation of the individual are inviolate, except in cases sanctioned by law. (Art. 22)
Persian
حيثيت، جان، مال، حقوق، مسكن و شغل اشخاص از تعرض مصون است مگر در مواردي كه قانون تجويز كند. (اصل 22 )
Obligations of Private Parties
English
In accordance with the sacred verse "God does not forbid you to deal kindly and justly with those who have not fought against you because of your religion and who have not expelled you from your homes" [60:8], the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran and all Muslims are duty-bound to treat non-Muslims in conformity with ethical norms and the principles of Islamic justice and equity, and to respect their human rights. This principle applies to all who refrain from engaging in conspiracy or activity against Islam and the Islamic Republic of Iran. (Art. 14)
Persian
به حكم آيه شريفه "يخرجوكم من دياركم ان تبروهم و تقسطوا اليهم انالله يحب المقسطين"دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران و مسلمانان موظفند نسبت به افراد غير مسلمان با اخلاق حسنه و قسط و عدل اسلامي عمل نمايند و حقوق انساني آنان را رعايت كنند. اين اصل در حق كساني اعتبار دارد كه بر ضد اسلام و جمهوري اسلامي ايران توطئه و اقدام نكنند. (اصل 14)
Obligations of Private Parties
English
No one is entitled to exercise his rights in a way injurious to others or detrimental to public interests. (Art. 40)
Persian
هيچكس نميتواند اعمال حق خويش را وسيله اضرار به
غير يا تجاوز به منافع عمومي قرار دهد. (اصل 40)
Judicial Protection
English
The judiciary is of vital importance in the context of safeguarding the rights of the people in accordance with the line followed by the Islamic movement, and the prevention of deviations within the Islamic nation. … (The Judiciary in the Constitution, Preamble)
Persian
مساله قضاء در رابطه با پاسداري از حقوق مردم در خط حركت اسلامي، بمنظور پيشگيري از انحرافات موضعي در درون امت اسلامي امري است حياتي، …(قضاء در قانون اساسي، مقدمه)
Judicial Protection
English
The judiciary is an independent power, the protector of the rights of the individual and society, responsible for the implementation of justice, and entrusted with the following duties:
1. investigating and passing judgement on grievances, violations of rights, and complaints; the resolving of litigation; the settling of disputes; and the taking of all necessary decisions and measures in probate matters as the law may determine;
… (Art. 156)
Persian
قوه قضائيه قوهاي است مستقل كه پشتيبان حقوق فردي و اجتماعي و مسئول تحقق بخشيدن به عدالت و عهدهدار وظايف زير است:
1- رسيدگي و صدور حكم درمورد تظلمات، تعديات، شكايات، حل و فصل دعاوي و رفع خصومات و اخذ تصميم و اقدام لازم در آن قسمت از امور حسبيه، كه قانون معين ميكند.
… (اصل 156)
Limitations and/or Derogations
English
… no authority has the right to abrogate legitimate freedoms, not even by enacting laws and regulations for that purpose, under the pretext of preserving the independence and territorial integrity of the country. (Art. 9)
Persian
... هيچ مقامي حق ندارد بهنام حفظ استقلال و تماميت ارضي كشور آزاديهاي مشروع را، هر چند با وضع قوانين و مقررات، سلب
كند. (اصل 9)
Limitations and/or Derogations
English
No one is entitled to exercise his rights in a way injurious to others or detrimental to public interests. (Art. 40)
Persian
هيچكس نميتواند اعمال حق خويش را وسيله اضرار به
غير يا تجاوز به منافع عمومي قرار دهد. (اصل 40)
Marriage and Family Life
English
… The family is the fundamental unit of society and the main center for the growth and edification of human being. Compatibility with respect to belief and ideal, which provides the primary basis for man's development and growth, is the main consideration in the establishment of a family. It is the duty of the Islamic government to provide the necessary facilities for the attainment of this goal. This view of the family unit delivers woman from being regarded as an object or instrument in the service of promoting consumerism and exploitation. Not only does woman recover thereby her momentous and precious function of motherhood, rearing of ideologically committed human beings, she also assumes a pioneering social role and becomes the fellow struggler of man in all vital areas of life. Given the weighty responsibilities that woman thus assumes, she is accorded in Islam great value and nobility. (Woman in the Constitution, Preamble)
Persian
... خانواده واحد بنيادين جامعه و كانون اصلي رشد و تعالي انسان است و توافق عقيدتي و آرماني در تشكيل خانواده كه زمينهساز اصلي حركت تكاملي و رشديابنده انسان است اصل اساسي بوده و فراهم كردن امكانات جهت نيل به اين مقصود از وظايف حكومت اسلامي است، زن در چنين برداشتي از واحد خانواده، از حالت(شيئ بودن) و يا((ابزار كار بودن) در خدمت اشاعه مصرفزدگي و استثمار، خارج شده و ضمن بازيافتن وظيفه خطير و پر ارج مادري در پرورش انسانهاي مكتبي پيش آهنگ و خود همرزم مردان در ميدانهاي فعال حيات ميباشد و در نتيجه پذيراي مسئوليتي خطيرتر و در ديدگاه اسلامي برخوردار از ارزش و كرامتي والاتر خواهد بود.
(زن در قانون اساسي، مقدمه)
Marriage and Family Life
English
Since the family is the fundamental unit of Islamic society, all laws, regulations, and pertinent programs must tend to facilitate the formation of a family, and to safeguard its sanctity and the stability of family relations on the basis of the law and the ethics of Islam. (Art. 10)
Persian
از آنجا كه خانواده واحد بنيادي جامعه اسلامي است، همه قوانين و مقررات و برنامهريزيهاي مربوط بايد در جهت آسانكردن تشكيل خانواده، پاسداري از قداست آن و استواري روابط خانوادگي بر پايه حقوق و اخلاق اسلامي باشد. (اصل 10)
Marriage and Family Life
English
The official religion of Iran is Islam and the Twelver Ja'farî school [in usul al-Dîn and fiqh], and this principle will remain eternally immutable. Other Islamic schools, including the Hanafî, Shafi'î, Malikî, Hanbalî, and Zaydî, are to be accorded full respect, and their followers are free to act in accordance with their own jurisprudence in performing their religious rites. These schools enjoy official status in matters pertaining to religious education, affairs of personal status (marriage, divorce, inheritance, and wills) and related litigation in courts of law. … (Art. 12)
Persian
دين رسمي ايران، اسلام و مذهب جعفري اثني عشري است و اين اصل اليالابد غيرقابل تغيير است و مذاهب ديگر اسلامي اعم از حنفي، شافعي، مالكي، حنبلي و زيدي داراي احترام كامل ميباشند و پيروان اين مذاهب در انجام مراسم مذهبي، طبق فقه خودشان آزادند و در تعليم و تربيت ديني و احوال شخصيه(ازدواج، طلاق، ارث و وصيت)و دعاوي مربوط به آن در دادگاهها رسميت دارند و. ... (اصل 12)
Marriage and Family Life
English
The government must ensure the rights of women in all respects, in conformity with Islamic criteria, and accomplish the following goals:
…
2. the protection of mothers, particularly during pregnancy and childbearing, and the protection of children without guardians;
3. establishing competent courts to protect and preserve the family;
4. the provision of special insurance for widows, and aged women and women without support;
5. the awarding of guardianship of children to worthy mothers, in order to protect the interests of the children, in the absence of a legal guardian. (Art. 21)
Persian
دولت موظف است حقوق زن را در تمام جهات با رعايت موازين اسلامي تضمين نمايد و امور زير را انجام دهد:
…
2- حمايت مادران، بالخصوص در دوران بارداري و حضانت فرزند، و حمايت از كودكان بيسرپرست.
3- ايجاد دادگاه صالح براي حفظ كيان و بقاي خانواده.
4- ايجاد بيمه خاص بيوگان و زنان سالخورده و بيسرپرست.
5- اعطاي قيمومت فرزندان به مادران شايسته در جهت غبطه آنها در صورت نبودن ولي شرعي. (اصل 21)
Marriage and Family Life
English
It is the right of every Iranian individual and family to possess housing commensurate with his needs. The government must make land available for the implementation of this article, according priority to those whose need is greatest, in particular the rural population and the workers. (Art. 31)
Persian
داشتن مسكن متناسب با نياز، حق هر فرد و خانواده ايراني است. دولت موظف است با رعايت اولويت براي آنها كه نيازمندترند بهخصوص روستانشينان و كارگران زمينه اجراي اين اصل را فراهم كند. (اصل 31)
Marriage and Family Life
English
The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is based on the following criteria:
1.the provision of basic necessities for all citizens: housing, food, clothing, hygiene, medical treatment, education, and the necessary facilities for the establishment of a family;
… (Art. 43)
Persian
براي تأمين استقلال اقتصادي جامعه و ريشهكن كردن فقر و محروميت و برآوردن نيازهاي انسان در جريان رشد، با حفظ آزادگي او، اقتصاد جمهوري اسلامي ايران بر اساس ضوابط زير استوار ميشود:
1- تأمين نيازهاي اساسي: مسكن، خوراك، پوشاك، بهداشت، درمان، آموزش و پرورش و امكانات لازم براي تشكيل خانواده براي همه.
… (اصل 43)
Minorities
English
Zoroastrian, Jewish, and Christian Iranians are the only recognized religious minorities, who, within the limits of the law, are free to perform their religious rites and ceremonies, and to act according to their own canon in matters of personal affairs and religious education. (Art. 13)
Persian
ايرانيان زرتشتي، كليمي و مسيحي تنها اقليتهاي ديني شناخته ميشوند كه در حدود قانون در انجام مراسم ديني خود آزادند و در احوال شخصيه و تعليمات ديني بر طبق آيين خود عمل ميكنند. (اصل 13)
Minorities
English
In accordance with the sacred verse "God does not forbid you to deal kindly and justly with those who have not fought against you because of your religion and who have not expelled you from your homes" [60:8], the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran and all Muslims are duty-bound to treat non-Muslims in conformity with ethical norms and the principles of Islamic justice and equity, and to respect their human rights. This principle applies to all who refrain from engaging in conspiracy or activity against Islam and the Islamic Republic of Iran. (Art. 14)
Persian
به حكم آيه شريفه"لاينهاكمالله عنالذين لم يقاتلوكم فيالدين و لم يخرجوكم من دياركم ان تبروهم و تقسطوا اليهم انالله يحب المقسطين"دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران و مسلمانان موظفند نسبت به افراد غير مسلمان با اخلاق حسنه و قسط و عدل اسلامي عمل نمايند و حقوق انساني آنان را رعايت كنند. اين اصل در حق كساني اعتبار دارد كه بر ضد اسلام و جمهوري اسلامي ايران توطئه و اقدام نكنند. (اصل 14)
Minorities
English
All people of Iran, whatever the ethnic group or tribe to which they belong, enjoy equal rights; and colour, race, language, and the like, do not bestow any privilege. (Art. 19)
Persian
مردم ايران از هر قوم و قبيله كه باشند از حقوق مساوي برخوردارند و رنگ، نژاد، زبان و مانند اينها سبب امتياز نخواهد بود. (اصل 19)
Minorities
English
The formation of parties, societies, political or professional associations, as well as religious societies, whether Islamic or pertaining to one of the recognized religious minorities, is permitted provided they do not violate the principles of independence, freedom, national unity, the criteria of Islam, or the basis of the Islamic Republic. No one may be prevented from participating in the aforementioned groups, or be compelled to participate in them. (Art. 26)
Persian
احزاب، جمعيتها، انجمنهاي سياسي و صنفي و انجمنهاي اسلامي يا اقليتهاي ديني شناخته شده آزادند، مشروط به اين كه اصول استقلال، آزادي، وحدت ملي، موازين اسلامي و اساس جمهوري اسلامي را نقض نكنند. هيچكس را نميتوان از شركت در آنها منع كرد يا به شركت در يكي از آنها مجبور ساخت. (اصل 26)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
English
… Not only does woman recover thereby her momentous and precious function of motherhood, rearing of ideologically committed human beings, she also assumes a pioneering social role and becomes the fellow struggler of man in all vital areas of life. Given the weighty responsibilities that woman thus assumes, she is accorded in Islam great value and nobility. (Woman in the Constitution, Preamble)
Persian
... زن در چنين برداشتي از واحد خانواده، از حالت (شيئ بودن) و يا (ابزار كار بودن) در خدمت اشاعه مصرفزدگي و استثمار، خارج شده و ضمن بازيافتن وظيفه خطير و پر ارج مادري در پرورش انسانهاي مكتبي پيش آهنگ و خود همرزم مردان در ميدانهاي فعال حيات ميباشد و در نتيجه پذيراي مسئوليتي خطيرتر و در ديدگاه اسلامي برخوردار از ارزش و كرامتي والاتر خواهد بود.
(زن در قانون اساسي، مقدمه)Participation in Public Life and Institutions
English
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
8. the participation of the entire people in determining their political, economic, social, and cultural destiny;
… (Art. 3)
Persian
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
…
8- مشاركت عامه مردم در تعيين سرنوشت سياسي، اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي خويش.
… (اصل 3)
Political Rights and Association
English
… With due attention to this goal, the Constitution provides the basis of such participation by all members of society at all stages of the political decision-making process on which the destiny of the country depends. … (The Form of Government in Islam, Preamble)
Persian
… با توجه به اين جهت قانون اساسي زمينه چنين مشاركتي را در تمام مراحل تصميمگيريهاي سياسي و سرنوشتساز براي همه افراد اجتماع فراهم ميسازد …
(شيوه حكومت در اسلام، مقدمه)
Political Rights and Association
English
All citizens of the country, both men and women, equally enjoy the protection of the law and enjoy all human, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, in conformity with Islamic criteria. (Art. 20)
Persian
همه افراد ملت اعم از زن و مرد يكسان در حمايت قانون قرار دارند و از همه حقوق انساني، سياسي، اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي با رعايت موازين اسلام برخوردارند. (اصل 20)
Political Rights and Association
English
The formation of parties, societies, political or professional associations, as well as religious societies, whether Islamic or pertaining to one of the recognized religious minorities, is permitted provided they do not violate the principles of independence, freedom, national unity, the criteria of Islam, or the basis of the Islamic Republic. No one may be prevented from participating in the aforementioned groups, or be compelled to participate in them. (Art. 26)
Persian
احزاب، جمعيتها، انجمنهاي سياسي و صنفي و انجمنهاي اسلامي يا اقليتهاي ديني شناخته شده آزادند، مشروط به اين كه اصول استقلال، آزادي، وحدت ملي، موازين اسلامي و اساس جمهوري اسلامي را نقض نكنند. هيچكس را نميتوان از شركت در آنها منع كرد يا به شركت در يكي ازآنها مجبور ساخت. (اصل 26)
Political Parties
English
The formation of parties, societies, political or professional associations, as well as religious societies, whether Islamic or pertaining to one of the recognized religious minorities, is permitted provided they do not violate the principles of independence, freedom, national unity, the criteria of Islam, or the basis of the Islamic Republic. No one may be prevented from participating in the aforementioned groups, or be compelled to participate in them. (Art. 26)
Persian
احزاب، جمعيتها، انجمنهاي سياسي و صنفي و انجمنهاي اسلامي يا اقليتهاي ديني شناخته شده آزادند، مشروط به اين كه اصول استقلال، آزادي، وحدت ملي، موازين اسلامي و اساس جمهوري اسلامي را نقض نكنند. هيچكس را نميتوان از شركت در آنها منع كرد يا به شركت در يكي از آنها مجبور ساخت. (اصل 26)
Electoral Bodies
English
With a view to safeguard the Islamic ordinances and the Constitution, in order to examine the compatibility of the legislation passed by the Islamic Consultative Assembly with them, a council to be known as the Guardian Council is to be constituted with the following composition:
1. six religious men, conscious of the present needs and the issues of the day, to be selected by the Leader, and
2. six jurists, specializing in different areas of law, to be elected by the Islamic Consultative Assembly from among the Muslim jurists nominated by the Head of the Judicial Power. (Art. 91)
Persian
بهمنظور پاسداري از احكام اسلام و قانون اساسي از نظر عدم مغايرت مصوبات، مجلس شوراي اسلامي با آنها، شورايي به نام شوراي نگهبان با تركيب زير تشكيل مي شود:
1 - شش نفر از فقهاي عادل و آگاه به مقتضيات زمان و مسايل روز. انتخاب اين عده با مقام رهبري است.
2 - شش نفر حقوقدان، در رشتههاي مختلف حقوقي، از ميان حقوقدانان مسلماني كه به وسيله رئيس قوه قضائيه به مجلس شوراي اسلامي معرفي ميشوند و با رأي مجلس انتخاب ميگردند. (اصل91)
Electoral Bodies
English
The Guardian Council has the responsibility of supervising the elections of the Assembly of Experts for Leadership, the President of the Republic, the Islamic Consultative Assembly, and the direct recourse to popular opinion and referenda. (Art. 99)
Persian
شوراي نگهبان نظارت بر انتخابات مجلس خبرگان رهبري، رياست جمهوري، مجلس شوراي اسلامي و مراجعه به آراء عمومي و همه پرسي را برعهده دارد. (اصل 99)
Head of State
English
After the office of Leadership, the President is the highest official in the country. His is the responsibility for implementing the Constitution and acting as the head of the executive, except in matters directly concerned with (the office of) the Leadership. (Art. 113)
Persian
پس از مقام رهبري رئيسجمهور عاليترين مقام رسمي كشور است و مسئوليت اجراي قانون اساسي و رياست قوه مجريه را جز در اموري كه مستقيماً به رهبري مربوط ميشود، برعهده دارد. (اصل 113)
Head of State
English
The President is elected for a four-year term by the direct vote of the people. His re-election for a successive term is permissible only once. (Art. 114)
Persian
رئيسجمهور براي مدت چهار سال با رأي مستقيم مردم انتخاب ميشود و انتخاب مجدد او بهصورت متوالي تنها براي يك دوره بلامانع است. (اصل114)
Head of State
English
The President must be elected from among religious and political personalities possessing the following qualifications:
- Iranian origin;
- Iranian nationality;
- administrative capacity and resourcefulness;
- a good past record;
- trustworthiness and piety; and
- convinced belief in the fundamental principles of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the official madhhab of the country. (Art. 115 )
Persian
رئيسجمهور بايد از ميان رجال مذهبي و سياسي كه واجد شرايط زير باشند انتخاب گردد: ايرانيالاصل، تابع ايران، مدير و مدبر، داراي حسن سابقه و امانت و تقوي، مؤمن و معتقد به مباني جمهوري اسلامي ايران و مذهب رسمي كشور. (اصل 115)
Government
English
Ministers will be appointed by the President and will be presented to the Assembly for a vote of confidence. With the change of Assembly, a new vote of confidence will not be necessary. The number of ministers and the jurisdiction of each will be determined by law. (Art. 133)
Persian
وزرا توسط رئيسجمهور تعيين و براي گرفتن رأي اعتماد به مجلس معرفي ميشوند با تغيير مجلس، گرفتن رأي اعتماد جديد براي وزرا لازم نيست. تعداد وزيران و حدود اختيارات هر يك از آنان را قانون معين ميكند. (اصل 133)
Government
English
The President is the head of the Council of Ministers. He supervises the work of the ministers and takes all necessary measures to coordinate the decisions of the government. … (Art. 134)
Persian
رياست هياتوزيران با رئيسجمهور است كه بر كار وزيران نظارت دارد و با اتخاذ تدابير لازم به هماهنگ ساختن تصميمهاي وزيران و هيأتدولت ميپردازد … (اصل 134)
Legislature
English
The functions of the legislature are to be exercised through the Islamic Consultative Assembly, consisting of the elected representatives of the people. … (Art. 58)
Persian
اعمال قوه مقننه از طريق مجلس شوراي اسلامي است كه از نمايندگان منتخب مردم تشكيل ميشود. … (اصل 58)
Legislature
English
The Islamic Consultative Assembly is constituted by the representatives of the people elected directly and by secret ballot.
The qualifications of voters and candidates, as well as the nature of election, will be specified by law. (Art. 62)
Persian
مجلس شوراي اسلامي از نمايندگان ملت كه بهطور مستقيم و با رأي مخفي انتخاب ميشوند تشكيل ميگردد. شرايط انتخاب كنندگان و انتخاب شوندگان و كيفيت انتخابات را قانون معين خواهد كرد. (اصل 62)
Legislature
English
There are to be two hundred seventy members of the Islamic Consultative Assembly which, keeping in view the human, political, geographic and other similar factors, may increase by not more than twenty for each ten-year period from the date of the national referendum of the year 1368 of the solar Islamic calendar.
The Zoroastrians and Jews will each elect one representative; Assyrian and Chaldean Christians will jointly elect one representative; and Armenian Christians in the north and those in the south of the country will each elect one representative.
The limits of the election constituencies and the number of representatives will be determined by law. (Art. 64)
Persian
عده نمايندگان مجلس شوراي اسلامي دويست و هفتاد نفر است و از تاريخ همه پرسي سال يكهزار و سيصد و شصت و هشت هجري شمسي پس از هر ده سال، با در نظر گرفتن عوامل انساني، سياسي، جغرافيايي و نظاير آنها حداكثر بيست نفر نماينده ميتواند اضافه شود. زرتشتيان و كليميان هر كدام يك نماينده و مسيحيان آشوري و كلداني مجموعا يك نماينده و مسيحيان ارمني جنوب و شمال هر كدام يك نماينده انتخاب ميكنند. محدوده حوزههاي انتخابيه و تعداد نمايندگان را قانون معين ميكند .(اصل 64)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
English
The official religion of Iran is Islam and the Twelver Ja'farî school [in usul al-Dîn and fiqh], and this principle will remain eternally immutable. Other Islamic schools, including the Hanafî, Shafi'î, Malikî, Hanbalî, and Zaydî, are to be accorded full respect, and their followers are free to act in accordance with their own jurisprudence in performing their religious rites. These schools enjoy official status in matters pertaining to religious education, affairs of personal status (marriage, divorce, inheritance, and wills) and related litigation in courts of law. … (Art. 12)
Persian
دين رسمي ايران، اسلام و مذهب جعفري اثني عشري است و اين اصل اليالابد غيرقابل تغيير است و مذاهب ديگر اسلامي اعم از حنفي، شافعي، مالكي، حنبلي و زيدي داراي احترام كامل ميباشند و پيروان اين مذاهب در انجام مراسم مذهبي، طبق فقه خودشان آزادند و در تعليم و تربيت ديني و احوال شخصيه(ازدواج، طلاق، ارث و وصيت)و دعاوي مربوط به آن در دادگاهها رسميت دارند و. ... (اصل 12)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
English
The dignity, life, property, rights, residence, and occupation of the individual are inviolate, except in cases sanctioned by law. (Art. 22)
Persian
حيثيت، جان، مال، حقوق، مسكن و شغل اشخاص از تعرض مصون است مگر در مواردي كه قانون تجويز كند. (اصل22)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
English
It is the right of every Iranian individual and family to possess housing commensurate with his needs. The government must make land available for the implementation of this article, according priority to those whose need is greatest, in particular the rural population and the workers. (Art. 31)
Persian
داشتن مسكن متناسب با نياز، حق هر فرد و خانواده ايراني است. دولت موظف است با رعايت اولويت براي آنها كه نيازمندترند بهخصوص روستانشينان و كارگران زمينه اجراي اين اصل را فراهم كند. (اصل 31)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
English
Private ownership, legitimately acquired, is to be respected. The relevant criteria are determined by law. (Art. 47)
Persian
مالكيت شخصي كه از راه مشروع باشد محترم است. ضوابط آن را قانون معين ميكند. (اصل 47)
Protection from Violence
English
The Islamic Republic is a system based on belief in:
…
6. the exalted dignity and value of man, and his freedom coupled with responsibility before God;
in which equity, justice, political, economic, social, and cultural independence, and national solidarity are secured by recourse to:
…
c. negation of all forms of oppression, both the infliction of and the submission to it, and of dominance, both its imposition and its acceptance. (Art. 2)
Persian
جمهوري اسلامي، نظامي است بر پايه ايمان به:
…
6- كرامت و ارزش والاي انسان و آزادي توام با مسئوليت او در برابر خدا، كه از راه:
...
ج- نفي هرگونه ستمگري و ستمكشي و سلطهگري و سلطهپذيري، قسط و عدل و استقلال سياسي و اقتصادي و اجتماعي و فرهنگي و همبستگي ملي را تأمين ميكند. (اصل 2)
Protection from Violence
English
All forms of torture for the purpose of extracting confession or acquiring information are forbidden. … (Art. 38)
Persian
هر گونه شكنجه براي گرفتن اقرار و يا كسب اطلاع
ممنوع است. ... (اصل 38)
Protection from Violence
English
The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is based on the following criteria:
…
4. respect for the right to choose freely an occupation; refraining from compelling anyone to engage in a particular job; and preventing the exploitation of another's labor;
… (Art. 43)
Persian
براي تأمين استقلال اقتصادي جامعه و ريشهكن كردن فقر و محروميت و برآوردن نيازهاي انسان در جريان رشد، با حفظ آزادگي او، اقتصاد جمهوري اسلامي ايران بر اساس ضوابط زير استوار ميشود:
...
4- رعايت آزادي انتخاب شغل، و عدم اجبار افراد به كاري معين و جلوگيري از بهرهكشي از كار ديگري.
… (اصل 43)
Public Institutions and Services
English
In order to attain the objectives specified in Article 2, the government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has the duty of directing all its resources to the following goals:
…
12. the planning of a correct and just economic system, in accordance with Islamic criteria, in order to create welfare, eliminate poverty, and abolish all forms of deprivation with respect to food, housing, work, health care, and the provision of social insurance for all;
… (Art. 3)
Persian
دولت جمهوري اسلامي ايران موظف است براي نيل به اهداف مذكور در اصل دوم، همه امكانات خود را براي امور زير به كار برد:
…
12- پيريزي اقتصاد صحيح و عادلانه برطبق ضوابط اسلامي جهت ايجاد رفاه و رفع فقر و برطرف ساختن هر نوع محروميت در زمينههاي تغذيه و مسكن و كار و بهداشت و تعميم بيمه.
… ( اصل 3)
Public Institutions and Services
English
The government must ensure the rights of women in all respects, in conformity with Islamic criteria, and accomplish the following goals:
…
2. the protection of mothers, particularly during pregnancy and childbearing, and the protection of children without guardians;
3. establishing competent courts to protect and preserve the family;
4. the provision of special insurance for widows, and aged women and women without support;
5. the awarding of guardianship of children to worthy mothers, in order to protect the interests of the children, in the absence of a legal guardian. (Art. 21)
Persian
دولت موظف است حقوق زن را در تمام جهات با رعايت موازين اسلامي تضمين نمايد و امور زير را انجام دهد:
…
2- حمايت مادران، بالخصوص در دوران بارداري و حضانت فرزند، و حمايت از كودكان بيسرپرست.
3- ايجاد دادگاه صالح براي حفظ كيان و بقاي خانواده.
4- ايجاد بيمه خاص بيوگان و زنان سالخورده و بيسرپرست.
5- اعطاي قيمومت فرزندان به مادران شايسته در جهت غبطه آنها در صورت نبودن ولي شرعي .(اصل 21)
Public Institutions and Services
English
The economy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, with its objectives of achieving the economic independence of the society, uprooting poverty and deprivation, and fulfilling human needs in the process of development while preserving human liberty, is based on the following criteria:
1. the provision of basic necessities for all citizens: housing, food, clothing, hygiene, medical treatment, education, and the necessary facilities for the establishment of a family;
… (Art. 43)
Persian
براي تأمين استقلال اقتصادي جامعه و ريشهكن كردن فقر و محروميت و برآوردن نيازهاي انسان در جريان رشد، با حفظ آزادگي او، اقتصاد جمهوري اسلامي ايران بر اساس ضوابط زير استوار ميشود:
1- تأمين نيازهاي اساسي: مسكن، خوراك، پوشاك، بهداشت، درمان، آموزش و پرورش و امكانات لازم براي تشكيل خانواده براي همه.
… (اصل 43)
Status of the Constitution
English
All civil, penal financial, economic, administrative, cultural, military, political, and other laws and regulations must be based on Islamic criteria. This principle applies absolutely and generally to all articles of the Constitution as well as to all other laws and regulations, and the wise persons of the Guardian Council are judges in this matter. (Art. 4)
Persian
كليه قوانين و مقررات مدني، جزايي، مالي، اقتصادي، اداري، فرهنگي، نظامي، سياسي و غير اينها بايد براساس موازين اسلامي باشد. اين اصل بر اطلاق با عموم همه اصول قانون اساسي و قوانين و مقررات ديگر حاكم است و تشخيص اين امر بر عهده فقهاء شوراي نگهبان است. (اصل 4)
Status of the Constitution
English
The Islamic Consultative Assembly cannot enact laws contrary to the official religion of the country or to the Constitution. It is the duty of the Guardian Council to determine whether a violation has occurred, in accordance with Article 96. (Art. 72)
Persian
مجلس شوراي اسلامي نميتواند قوانيني وضع كند كه با اصول و احكام مذهب رسمي كشور يا قانون اساسي مغايرت داشته باشد. تشخيص اين امر به ترتيبي كه در اصل نود و ششم آمده برعهده شوراي نگهبان است. (اصل 72)
Religious Law
English
The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran advances the cultural, social, political, and economic institutions of Iranian society based on Islamic principles and norms, which represent an honest aspiration of the Islamic Ummah. This aspiration was exemplified by the nature of the great Islamic Revolution of Iran, and by the course of the Muslim people's struggle, from its beginning until victory, as reflected in the decisive and forceful calls raised by all segments of the populations. Now, at the threshold of this great victory, our nation, with all its beings, seeks its fulfillment. … (Preamble)
Persian
قانون اساسي جمهوري اسلامي ايران مبين نهادهاي فرهنگي، اجتماعي، سياسي و اقتصادي جامعه ايران بر اساس اصول و ضوابط اسلامي است كه انعكاس خواست قلبي امت اسلامي ميباشد. ماهيت انقلاب عظيم اسلامي ايران و روند مبارزه مردم مسلمان از ابتدا تا پيروزي كه در شعارهاي قاطع و كوبنده همه قشرهاي مردم تبلور مييافت اين خواست اساسي را مشخص كرده و اكنون در طليعه اين پيروزي بزرگ، ملت ما با تمام وجود نيل به آنرا ميطلبد. ... (مقدمه)
Religious Law
English
… It now intends to establish an ideal and model society on the basis of Islamic norms. The mission of the Constitution is to realize the ideological objectives of the movement and to create conditions conducive to the development of man in accordance with the noble and universal values of Islam. … (The Form of Government in Islam, Preamble)
Persian
Religious Law
English
The judiciary is of vital importance in the context of safeguarding the rights of the people in accordance with the line followed by the Islamic movement, and the prevention of deviations within the Islamic nation. Provision has therefore been made for the creation of a judicial system based on Islamic justice and operated by just judges with meticulous knowledge of the Islamic laws. This system, because of its essentially sensitive nature and the need for full ideological conformity, must be free from every kind of unhealthy relation and connection (this is in accordance with the Koranic verse "When you judge among the people, judge with justice" ). (The Judiciary in the Constitution, Preamble)
Persian
مساله قضاء در رابطه با پاسداري از حقوق مردم در خط حركت اسلامي، بمنظور پيشگيري از انحرافات موضعي در درون امت اسلامي امري است حياتي، از اينرو ايجاد سيستم قضائي بر پايه عدل اسلامي و متشكل از قضات عادل و آشنا به ضوابط دقيق ديني پيشبيني شده است، اين نظام بهدليل حساسيت بنيادي و دقت در مكتبي بودن آن لازم است بهدور از هر نوع رابطه و مناسبات ناسالم باشد.(و اذا حكمتم بينالناس ان تحكموا بالعدل.) (قضاء در قانون اساسي، مقدمه)
Religious Law
English
The form of government of Iran is that of an Islamic Republic, endorsed by the people of Iran on the basis of their long-standing belief in the sovereignty of truth and Qur’anic justice … (Art. 1)
Persian
حكومت ايران جمهوري اسلامي است كه ملت ايران، براساس اعتقاد ديرينهاش به حكومت حق و عدل قرآن به آن راي مثبت داد. ...
(اصل 1)
Religious Law
English
The Islamic Republic is a system based on belief in:
1. The One God (as stated in the phrase "There is no god except Allah"), His exclusive sovereignty and right to legislate, and the necessity of submission to His commands;
2. Divine revelation and its fundamental role in setting forth the laws;
... (Art. 2)
Persian
جمهوري اسلامي، نظامي است بر پايه ايمان به:
1- خداي يكتا(لااله الاالله) و اختصاص حاكميت و تشريع به او و لزوم تسليم در برابر امر او.
2- وحي الهي و نقش بنيادي آن در بيان قوانين.
... (اصل 2)
Religious Law
English
All civil, penal financial, economic, administrative, cultural, military, political, and other laws and regulations must be based on Islamic criteria. This principle applies absolutely and generally to all articles of the Constitution as well as to all other laws and regulations, and the wise persons of the Guardian Council are judges in this matter. (Art. 4)
Persian
كليه قوانين و مقررات مدني، جزايي، مالي، اقتصادي، اداري، فرهنگي، نظامي، سياسي و غير اينها بايد براساس موازين اسلامي باشد. اين اصل بر اطلاق با عموم همه اصول قانون اساسي و قوانين و مقررات ديگر حاكم است و تشخيص اين امر بر عهده فقهاء شوراي نگهبان است. (اص 4)
Religious Law
English
Since the family is the fundamental unit of Islamic society, all laws, regulations, and pertinent programs must tend to facilitate the formation of a family, and to safeguard its sanctity and the stability of family relations on the basis of the law and the ethics of Islam. (Art. 10)
Persian
از آنجا كه خانواده واحد بنيادي جامعه اسلامي است، همه قوانين و مقررات و برنامهريزيهاي مربوط بايد در جهت آسانكردن تشكيل خانواده، پاسداري از قداست آن و استواري روابط خانوادگي بر پايه حقوق و اخلاق اسلامي باشد. (اصل 10)
Religious Law
English
The official religion of Iran is Islam and the Twelver Ja'farî school [in usul al-Dîn and fiqh], and this principle will remain eternally immutable. Other Islamic schools, including the Hanafî, Shafi'î, Malikî, Hanbalî, and Zaydî, are to be accorded full respect, and their followers are free to act in accordance with their own jurisprudence in performing their religious rites. These schools enjoy official status in matters pertaining to religious education, affairs of personal status (marriage, divorce, inheritance, and wills) and related litigation in courts of law. In regions of the country where Muslims following any one of these schools of fiqh constitute the majority, local regulations, within the bounds of the jurisdiction of local councils, are to be in accordance with the respective school of fiqh, without infringing upon the rights of the followers of other schools. (Art. 12)
Persian
دين رسمي ايران، اسلام و مذهب جعفري اثني عشري است و اين اصل اليالابد غيرقابل تغيير است و مذاهب ديگر اسلامي اعم از حنفي، شافعي، مالكي، حنبلي و زيدي داراي احترام كامل ميباشند و پيروان اين مذاهب در انجام مراسم مذهبي، طبق فقه خودشان آزادند و در تعليم و تربيت ديني و احوال شخصيه (ازدواج، طلاق، ارث و وصيت) و دعاوي مربوط به آن در دادگاهها رسميت دارند و در هر منطقهاي كه پيروان هر يك از اين مذاهب اكثريت داشته باشند، مقررات محلي در حدود اختيارات شوراها برطبق آن مذهب خواهد بود، با حفظ حقوق پيروان ساير مذاهب. (اصل 12)
Religious Law
English
All citizens of the country, both men and women, equally enjoy the protection of the law and enjoy all human, political, economic, social, and cultural rights, in conformity with Islamic criteria. (Art. 20)
Persian
همه افراد ملت اعم از زن و مرد يكسان در حمايت قانون قرار دارند و از همه حقوق انساني، سياسي، اقتصادي، اجتماعي و فرهنگي با رعايت موازين اسلام برخوردارند. (اصل 20)
Religious Law
English
The Islamic Consultative Assembly cannot enact laws contrary to the official religion of the country or to the Constitution. It is the duty of the Guardian Council to determine whether a violation has occurred, in accordance with Article 96. (Art. 72)
Persian
مجلس شوراي اسلامي نميتواند قوانيني وضع كند كه با اصول و احكام مذهب رسمي كشور يا قانون اساسي مغايرت داشته باشد. تشخيص اين امر به ترتيبي كه در اصل نود و ششم آمده برعهده شوراي نگهبان است. (اصل 72)
Religious Law
English
After the demise of the eminent marji' al-taqlid and great leader of the universal Islamic revolution, and founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ayatullah al-'Uzma Imam Khumayni--quddisa sirruh al-sharif--who was recognised and accepted as marji' and Leader by a decisive majority of the people, the task of appointing the Leader shall be vested with the experts elected by the people. The experts will review and consult among themselves concerning all the fuqaha' possessing the qualifications specified in Articles 5 and 109. In the event they find one of them better versed in Islamic regulations, the subjects of the fiqh, or in political and social issues, or possessing general popularity or special prominence for any of the qualifications mentioned in Article 109, they shall elect him as the Leader. Otherwise, in the absence of such a superiority, they shall elect and declare one of them as the Leader. The Leader thus elected by the Assembly of Experts shall assume all the powers of the wilayat al-amr and all the responsibilities arising therefrom.
The Leader is equal with the rest of the people of the country in the eyes of law. (Art. 107)
Persian
پس از مرجع عاليقدر تقليد و رهبر كبير انقلاب جهاني اسلام و بنيانگذار جمهوري اسلامي ايران حضرت آيتالله العظمي امام خميني"قدس سره الشريف"، كه از طرف اكثريت قاطع مردم به مرجعيت و رهبري شناخته و پذيرفته شدند، تعيين رهبر بهعهده خبرگان منتخب مردم است. خبرگان رهبري درباره همه فقها واجد شرايط مذكور در اصول پنجم و يكصد و نهم بررسي و مشورت ميكنند هر گاه يكي از آنان را اعلم به احكام و موضوعات فقهي يا مسايل سياسي و اجتماعي يا داراي مقبوليت عامه يا واجد برجستگي خاص در يكي از صفات مذكور در اصل يكصد و نهم تشخيص دهند او را به رهبري انتخاب ميكنند و در غير اين صورت يكي از آنان را به عنوان رهبر انتخاب و معرفي مينمايند. رهبر منتخب خبرگان، ولايت امر و همه مسئوليتهاي ناشي از آن را برعهده خواهد داشت. رهبر در برابر قوانين با ساير افراد كشور مساوي است. (اصل 107)
Religious Law
English
… The contents of the Articles of the Constitution related to the Islamic character of the political system; the basis of all the rules and regulations according to Islamic criteria; the religious footing; the objectives of the Islamic Republic of Iran; the democratic character of the government; the wilayat al-'amr; the Imamate of Ummah; and the administration of the affairs of the country based on national referenda, official religion of Iran [Islam] and the school [Twelver Ja'fari] are unalterable. (Art. 177)
Persian
… محتواي اصول مربوط به اسلامي بودن نظام و ابتناي كليه قوانين و مقررات بر اساس موازين اسلامي و پايههاي ايماني و اهداف جمهوري اسلامي ايران و جمهوري بودن حكومت و ولايت امر و امامت امت و نيز اداره امور كشور با اتكاء به آراء عمومي و دين و مذهب رسمي ايران (تغييرناپذير است. (اصل 177)
Women’s Rights
English
Through the creation of Islamic social infrastructures, all the elements of humanity that hitherto served the multifaceted foreign exploitation shall regain their true identity and human rights. As a part of this process, it is only natural that women should benefit from a particularly large augmentation of their rights, because of the greater oppression that they suffered under the taghuti regime. The family is the fundamental unit of society and the main centre for the growth and edification of human being. Compatibility with respect to belief and ideal, which provides the primary basis for man's development and growth, is the main consideration in the establishment of a family. It is the duty of the Islamic government to provide the necessary facilities for the attainment of this goal. This view of the family unit delivers woman from being regarded as an object or as an instrument in the service of promoting consumerism and exploitation. Not only does woman recover thereby her momentous and precious function of motherhood, rearing of ideologically committed human beings, she also assumes a pioneering social role and becomes the fellow struggler of man in all vital areas of life. Given the weighty responsibilities that woman thus assumes, she is accorded in Islam great value and nobility. (Woman in the Constitution, Preamble)
Persian
در ایجاد بنیادهای اجتماعی اسلامی، نیروهای انسانی که تاکنون درخدمت استثمار همهجانبه خارجی بودند هویت اصلی و حقوق انسانی خود را باز مییابند و در این بازیابی طبیعی است که زنان بهدلیل ستم بیشتری که تاکنون از نظام طاغوتی متحمل شدهانداستیفای حقوق آنان بیشتر خواهد بود.خانواده واحد بنیادین جامعه و کانون اصلی رشد و تعالی انساناست و توافق عقیدتی و آرمانی در تشکیل خانواده که زمینهسازاصلی حرکت تکاملی و رشد یابنده انسان است اصل اساسی بوده وفراهمکردن امکانات جهت نیل به این مقصود از وظایف حکومتاسلامی است. زن در چنین برداشتی از واحد خانواده، از حالت(شیء بودن) و یا (ابزار کاربودن) در خدمت اشاعه مصرفزدگی واستثمار، خارج شده و ضمن بازیافتن وظیفه خطیر و پرارج مادریدر پرورش انسانهای مکتبی پیشاهنگ و خود همرزم مردان درمیدانهای فعال حیات میباشد و در نتیجه پذیرای مسوولیتیخطیرتر و در دیدگاه اسلامی برخوردار از ارزش و کرامتی والاترخواهد بود. (زن در قانون اساسی، مقدمه)
Women’s Rights
English
The government must ensure the rights of women in all respects, in conformity with Islamic criteria, and accomplish the following goals:
1. create a favorable environment for the growth of woman’s personality and the restoration of her rights, both the material and intellectual;
2. the protection of mothers, particularly during pregnancy and childbearing, and the protection of children without guardians;
3. establishing competent courts to protect and preserve the family;
4. the provision of special insurance for widows, and aged women and women without support;
5. the awarding of guardianship of children to worthy mothers, in order to protect the interests of the children, in the absence of a legal guardian. (Art. 21)
Persian
دولت موظف است حقوق زن را در تمام جهات با رعايت موازين اسلامي تضمين نمايد و امور زير را انجام دهد:
1- ايجاد زمينههاي مساعد براي رشد شخصيت زن و احيا حقوق مادي و معنوي او.
2- حمايت مادران، بالخصوص در دوران بارداري و حضانت فرزند، و حمايت از كودكان بيسرپرست.
3- ايجاد دادگاه صالح براي حفظ كيان و بقاي خانواده.
4- ايجاد بيمه خاص بيوگان و زنان سالخورده و بيسرپرست.
5- اعطاي قيمومت فرزندان به مادران شايسته در جهت غبطه آنها در صورت نبودن ولي شرعي. (اصل 21)
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Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran 1979, as amended to 1989 (English). According to Art. 15: “The official language and script of Iran, the lingua franca of its people, is Persian. …” |
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