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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishLiberty consists in being able to do anything that does not harm others: thus, the exercise of the natural rights of every man has no bounds other than those that ensure to the other members of society the enjoyment of these same rights. These bounds may be determined only by Law. (1789 Declaration, Art. 4)
- FrenchLa liberté consiste à pouvoir faire tout ce qui ne nuit pas à autrui: ainsi, l'exercice des droits naturels de chaque homme n'a de bornes que celles qui assurent aux autres Membres de la Société la jouissance de ces mêmes droits. Ces bornes ne peuvent être déterminées que par la Loi. (Déclaration 1789, Art. 4)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
Any limitation of the exercise of the public freedoms must be specified by the law and respect their essential content. Within respect for the principle of proportionality, limitations can only be made if they are necessary in a democratic society and effectively meet objectives of general interest or the need to protect the rights and freedoms of others. (Art. 37)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
In case of international crisis, or of real threats to the vital interests of all or part of the population or of imminent danger resulting from grave infringement of public security, the Grand Duke, after having declared urgency resulting from the impossibility of the chamber of deputies to legislate in the appropriate time periods, may take regulatory measures in all matters.
These measures may derogate from existing laws. They must be necessary, appropriate and proportionate to the goal pursued and be in conformity with the Constitution and with the international treaties.
... (Art. 48)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1 All significant provisions that establish binding legal rules must be enacted in the form of a federal act. These include in particular fundamental provisions on:
…
b. the restriction of constitutional rights;
… (Art. 164) - French1 Toutes les dispositions importantes qui fixent des règles de droit doivent être édictées sous la forme d’une loi fédérale. Appartiennent en particulier à cette catégorie les dispositions fondamentales relatives:
…
b. à la restriction des droits constitutionnels;
… (Art. 164) - German1 Alle wichtigen rechtsetzenden Bestimmungen sind in der Form des Bundesgesetzes zu erlassen. Dazu gehören insbesondere die grundlegenden Bestimmungen über:
…
b. die Einschränkungen verfassungsmässiger Rechte;
… (Art. 164) - Italian1 Tutte le disposizioni importanti che contengono norme di diritto sono emanate sotto forma di legge federale. Vi rientrano in particolare le disposizioni fondamentali in materia di:
…
b. restrizioni dei diritti costituzionali;
… (Art. 164)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1 Restrictions on fundamental rights must have a legal basis. Significant restrictions must have their basis in a federal act. The foregoing does not apply in cases of serious and immediate danger where no other course of action is possible.
2 Restrictions on fundamental rights must be justified in the public interest or for the protection of the fundamental rights of others.
3 Any restrictions on fundamental rights must be proportionate.
4 The essence of fundamental rights is sacrosanct. (Art. 36) - French1 Toute restriction d’un droit fondamental doit être fondée sur une base légale. Les restrictions graves doivent être prévues par une loi. Les cas de danger sérieux, direct et imminent sont réservés.
2 Toute restriction d’un droit fondamental doit être justifiée par un intérêt public ou par la protection d’un droit fondamental d’autrui.
3 Toute restriction d’un droit fondamental doit être proportionnée au but visé.
4 L’essence des droits fondamentaux est inviolable. (Art. 36) - German1 Einschränkungen von Grundrechten bedürfen einer gesetzlichen Grundlage. Schwerwiegende Einschränkungen müssen im Gesetz selbst vorgesehen sein. Ausgenommen sind Fälle ernster, unmittelbarer und nicht anders abwendbarer Gefahr.
2 Einschränkungen von Grundrechten müssen durch ein öffentliches Interesse oder durch den Schutz von Grundrechten Dritter gerechtfertigt sein.
3 Einschränkungen von Grundrechten müssen verhältnismässig sein.
4 Der Kerngehalt der Grundrechte ist unantastbar. (Art. 36) - Italian1 Le restrizioni dei diritti fondamentali devono avere una base legale. Se gravi, devono essere previste dalla legge medesima. Sono eccettuate le restrizioni ordinate in caso di pericolo grave, immediato e non altrimenti evitabile.
2 Le restrizioni dei diritti fondamentali devono essere giustificate da un interesse pubblico o dalla protezione di diritti fondamentali altrui.
3 Esse devono essere proporzionate allo scopo.
4 I diritti fondamentali sono intangibili nella loro essenza. (Art. 36)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe Constitution cannot be wholly or partially suspended. (Art. 187)
- DutchDe Grondwet kan noch geheel, noch ten dele worden geschorst. (Art. 187)
- FrenchLa Constitution ne peut être suspendue en tout ni en partie. (Art. 187)
- GermanDie Verfassung darf weder ganz noch teilweise ausgesetzt werden. (Art. 187)
Marriage and Family Life
- EnglishCivil marriage must always precede the nuptial benediction. (Art. 21)
- FrenchLe mariage civil devra toujours précéder la bénédiction nuptiale. (Art. 21)
Marriage and Family Life
- EnglishThe right to marry and to have a family is guaranteed. (Art. 14)
- FrenchLe droit au mariage et à la famille est garanti. (Art. 14)
- GermanDas Recht auf Ehe und Familie ist gewährleistet. (Art. 14)
- ItalianIl diritto al matrimonio e alla famiglia è garantito. (Art. 14)
Marriage and Family Life
- English
…
(4) Every person has the right to found a family.
Every person has the right to respect for their family life.
(5) …
Each child has the right to the protection, measures and care necessary for his well-being and development.
… (Art. 15)
Marriage and Family Life
- English1 Everyone has the right to privacy in their private and family life and in their home, and in relation to their mail and telecommunications.
… (Art. 13) - French1 Toute personne a droit au respect de sa vie privée et familiale, de son domicile, de sa correspondance et des relations qu’elle établit par la poste et les télécommunications.
… (Art. 13) - German1 Jede Person hat Anspruch auf Achtung ihres Privat- und Familienlebens, ihrer Wohnung sowie ihres Brief-, Post- und Fernmeldeverkehrs.
… (Art. 13) - Italian1 Ognuno ha diritto al rispetto della sua vita privata e familiare, della sua abitazione, della sua corrispondenza epistolare nonché delle sue relazioni via posta e telecomunicazioni.
… (Art. 13)