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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
(1) There shall be a Supreme Court in Nepal.
(2) The Supreme Court shall be a court of record. All courts and judicial institutions shall, except as otherwise provided in this Constitution, be under the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court shall have the final authority to interpret this Constitution and laws.
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(4) All shall abide by any interpretation of the Constitution or a law made by or any legal principle laid down by the Supreme Court in the course of hearing a lawsuit. In case anyone makes obstruction in the dispensation of justice or disregard any order or judgment handed down by it or any of its subordinate courts, the Supreme Court may, in accordance with law, initiate proceedings of contempt and impose punishment therefor. (Art. 128) - Nepali
(१) नेपालमा एक सर्वोच्च अदालत हुनेछ ।
(२) सर्वोच्च अदालत अभिलेख अदालत हुनेछ । यस संविधानमा अन्यथा व्यवस्था भएकोमा बाहेक सबै अदालत र न्यायिक निकायहरू सर्वोच्च अदालत मातहत रहनेछन् । संविधान र कानूनको व्याख्या गर्ने अन्तिम अधिकार सर्वोच्च अदालतलाई हुनेछ ।
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(४) मुद्दा मामिलाका रोहमा सर्वोच्च अदालतले गरेको संविधान र कानूनको व्याख्या वा प्रतिपादन गरेको कानूनी सिद्धान्त सबैले (अदालतहरु र न्यायिक निकायहरु) पालन गर्नु पर्नेछ । सर्वोच्च अदालतले आफ्नो वा मातहतको अदालतको न्यायसम्पादनको कार्यमा कसैले अवरोध गरेमा वा आदेश वा फैसलाको अवज्ञा गरेमा कानून बमोजिम अवहेलनामा कारबाही चलाई सजाय गर्न सक्नेछ । (धारा १२८)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court of Ukraine, upon submission of the President of Ukraine or not less than forty-five People's Deputies of Ukraine, or the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, provides opinions on compliance with the Constitution of Ukraine of international treaties of Ukraine that are in effect, or the international treaties submitted to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine for approval of their binding nature.
The Constitutional Court of Ukraine upon submission of the President of Ukraine or not less than forty-five People's Deputies of Ukraine provides opinions on compliance with the Constitution of Ukraine (constitutionality) of questions that are proposed to be put for the all-Ukrainian referendum upon people's initiative.
The Constitutional Court of Ukraine upon the submission of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine provides an opinion on the observance of the constitutional procedure of investigation and consideration of the case on removing the President of Ukraine from office by the impeachment procedure. (Art. 151) - UkrainianКонституційний Суд України за зверненням Президента України, або щонайменше сорока п’яти народних депутатів України, або Кабінету Міністрів України надає висновки про відповідність Конституції України чинних міжнародних договорів України або тих міжнародних договорів, що вносяться до Верховної Ради України для надання згоди на їх обов’язковість.
Конституційний Суд України за зверненням Президента України або щонайменше сорока п’яти народних депутатів України надає висновки про відповідність Конституції України (конституційність) питань, які пропонуються для винесення на всеукраїнський референдум за народною ініціативою.
За зверненням Верховної Ради України Конституційний Суд України надає висновок щодо додержання конституційної процедури розслідування і розгляду справи про усунення Президента України з поста в порядку імпічменту. (Стаття 151)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. Any question as to the interpretation of this Constitution shall be determined by the Court of Appeal sitting as the Constitutional Court.
2. When sitting as a Constitutional Court, the Court of Appeal shall consist of a bench of five members of that Court.
3. A person who alleges that-
a. an Act of Parliament or any other law or anything in or done under the authority of any law; or
b. any act or omission by any person or authority,
is inconsistent with or in contravention of a provision of this Constitution, may petition the Constitutional Court for a declaration to that effect, and for redress where appropriate.
4. Where upon determination of the petition under clause (3) of this article the Constitutional Court considers that there is need for redress in addition to the declaration sought, the Constitutional Court may-
a. grant an order of redress; or
b. refer the matter to the High Court to investigate and determine the appropriate redress.
5. Where any question as to the interpretation of this Constitution arises in any proceedings in a court of law other than a Field Court Martial, the Court-
a. may, if it is of the opinion that the question involves a substantial question of law; and
b. shall, if any party to the proceedings requests it to do so,
refer the question to the constitutional court for decision in accordance with clause (1) of this article.
6. Where any question is referred to the constitutional court under clause (5) of this article, the constitutional court shall give its decision on the question, and the court in which the question arises shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision.
… (Art. 137)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
1. The Supreme Constitutional Court is charged with control over the constitutionality of the laws as follows:
a. If the President of the Republic or a fifth of the members of the People’s Assembly object to a law before it is passed, on the grounds of its unconstitutionality, it shall be suspended until the Court rules on it within 15 days of the date of lodging the objection at the Court. If the law is urgently needed, the Court shall rule on it within 7 days;
b. If a fifth of the members of the People’s Assembly object to a legislative decree, on the grounds of its unconstitutionality within 15 days of it is being presented to the Assembly, the Court shall rule on it within 15 days of lodging the objection at the Court;
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2. Considering the claim of the unconstitutionality of a law or a legislative decree and ruling on it takes place as follows:
a. If an opponent making a challenge claimed the unconstitutionality of a legal text applied by the court whose ruling is being challenged, and if the court considering the challenge found that the claim was serious and should be ruled on, it halts the proceedings of the case and refers it to the Supreme Constitutional Court;
… (Art. 147) - Arabic
تتولى المحكمة الدستورية العليا الرقابة على دستورية القوانين على النحو الآتي :
1- النظر بعدم دستورية قانون والبت فيھا وفقاً لما يأتي:
أإذا اعترض رئيس الجمھورية أو خُمس أعضاء مجلس الشعب على دستورية قانون قبل إصداره يوقف إصداره إلى أن تبت المحكمة فيه خلال مدة خمسة عشر يوماً من تاريخ تسجيل الاعتراض لديھا، وإذا كان للقانون صفة الاستعجال وجب على المحكمة أن تبت فيه خلال مدة سبعة أيا م.
بإذا اعترض خُمس أعضاء مجلس الشعب على دستورية مرسوم تشريعي خلال مدة خمسة عشر يوماً تلي تاريخ عرضه على المجلس، وجب على المحكمة أن تبت فيه خلال خمسة عشر يوماً من تاريخ تسجيل الاعتراض لديھا.
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2- النظر في الدفع بعدم دستورية قانون والبت فيه وفقاً لما يأتي:
أإذا دفع أحد الخصوم في معرض الطعن بالأحكام بعدم دستورية نص قانوني طبقته المحكمة المطعون بقرارھا، ورأت المحكمة الناظرة في الطعن أن الدفع جدي ولازم للبت في الطعن، أوقفت النظر في الدعوى وأحالت الدفع إلى المحكمة الدستورية العلي ا.
... (المادّة 147)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishWhen a case in a state or local court involves a substantial question requiring the interpretation of the Constitution, national law, or a treaty, on application of a party or on its own motion the court shall certify the question to the appellate division of the Supreme Court. The appellate division of the Supreme Court may decide on the case or remand it for further proceedings. (Art. XI, Sec. 8)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishEvery person or collective affected by a juridical norm contrary to the Constitution shall have the right to present an Action for Unconstitutionality (Accion de Inconstitucionalidad), pursuant to the procedures established by law. (Art. 132)
- SpanishToda persona individual o colectiva afectada por una norma jurídica contraria a la Constitución tendrá derecho a presentar la Acción de Inconstitucionalidad, de acuerdo con los procedimientos establecidos por la ley. (Art. 132)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Federal Supreme Court has the following powers:
1. Decide on different disputes among the member Emirates of the UAE, or between any one or more Emirates and the federal government in case that the dispute is remitted to the Court upon the request of any of the concerned parties.
2. Consider the constitutionality of a federal law if it is challenged by one or more Emirates on the grounds that it is in conflict with the Constitution of the UAE. The Court also has the power to consider the constitutionality of a legislation enacted by an Emirate if it is challenged by a federal authority on the grounds that it is in conflict with the Constitution of the UAE or the federal laws.
3. Consider the constitutionality of laws, legislations and regulations in general if it is so requested by any court in the country while hearing a relevant case. The concerned court shall comply with the decision of the Federal Supreme Court rendered in this connection.
4. Interpret the provisions of the Constitution, if it is so requested by any federal authority or by the Government of any Emirate. Any such interpretation is binding on everyone.
5. Call into account the ministers and senior officials of the UAE appointed by decree for their actions while performing their official duties upon the request of the Supreme Council and in accordance with the relevant law.
6. Decide on the crimes which directly affect the interests of the UAE, such as the crimes relating to the UAE’s internal or external security, forgery of the official records or seals of a federal authority, and counterfeiting of currency.
7. Hear the cases of conflict of jurisdiction between a federal court and a local court in an Emirate.
8. Hear the cases of conflict of jurisdiction between a court in an Emirate and a court in another Emirate. The rules governing these cases are regulated by a federal law.
9. Any other powers provided in the Constitution or which may be conferred upon the Federal Supreme Court by a federal law. (Art. 99) - Arabicتختص المحكمة الاتحادية العليا بالفصل في الأمور التالية:
1. المنازعات المختلفة بين الامارات الأعضاء في الاتحاد ، أو بين أية أمارة أو أكثر وبين حكومة الاتحاد ، متى أحيلت هذه المنازعات الى المحكمة بناء على طلب أي طرف من الأطراف المعنية
.2. بحث دستورية القوانين الاتحادية ، اذا ما طعن فيها من قبل امارة أو أكثر لمخالفتها لدستور الاتحاد. وبحث دستورية التشريعات الصادرة عن احدى الامارات ، اذا ما طعن فيها من قبل احدى السلطات الاتحادية ، لمخالفتها لدستور الاتحاد ، أو للقوانين الاتحادية
.3. بحث دستورية القوانين والتشريعات واللوائح عموما ، اذا ما أحيل اليها هذا الطلب من أية محكمة من محاكم البلاد أثناء دعوى منظورة أمامها وعلى المحكمة المذكورة أن تلتزم بقرار المحكمة الاتحادية العليا الصادر بهذا الصدد
.4. تفسير أحكام الدستور اذا ما طلبت اليها ذلك احدى سلطات الاتحاد ، أو حكومة احدى الامارات . ويعتبر هذا التفسير ملزما للكافة
.5. مساءلة الوزراء ، وكبار موظفي الاتحاد المعينين بمرسوم ، عما يقع منهم من أفعال في أداء وظائفهم الرسمية بناء على طلب المجلس الأعلى ووفقا للقانون الخاص بذلك
.6. الجرائم التي لها مساس مباشر بمصالح الاتحاد ، كالجرائم المتعلقة بأمنه في الداخل أو الخارج ، وجرائم تزوير المحررات أو الأختام الرسمية لاحدى السلطات الاتحادية ، وجرائم تزييف العملة
.7. تنازع الاختصاص بين القضاء الاتحادي والهيئات القضائية المحلية في الامارات
.8. تنازع الاختصاص بين هيئة قضائية في امارة وهيئة قضائية في امارة اخرى وتنظم القواعد الخاصة بذلك بقانون اتحادي
.9. أية اختصاصات أخرى منصوص عليها في هذا الدستور أو يمكن أن تحال اليها بموجب قانون اتحادي. (المادّة 99)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
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If the President applies to the Constitutional Court with a proposal to verify the constitutionality of a law within the specified period, the deadline for signing such a law shall be suspended while the proposal is being examined by the Constitutional Court. The opinion of the Constitutional Court must be adopted no later than ten days from the date of submission of the proposal by the President. If the Constitutional Court confirms the constitutionality of a law, the President shall sign it within five days of the adoption of the opinion by the Constitutional Court. If the Constitutional Court finds a law to be unconstitutional, the President shall return it to the House of Representatives.
If the President does not return a law within two weeks of its submission to the President or, if the Constitutional Court has issued an opinion on the constitutionality of a law, within five days of the adoption of the opinion, the law is considered signed. A law is not considered signed and does not enter into force if it could not be returned to Parliament at the end of the session.
... (Art. 100) - Belarusian
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Калі Прэзідэнт на працягу ўказанага тэрміну звернецца ў Канстытуцыйны Суд з прапановай аб праверцы канстытуцыйнасці закона, тэрмін для падпісання такога закона прыпыняецца на час разгляду прапановы Канстытуцыйным Судом. Заключэнне Канстытуцыйнага Суда павінна быць прынята не пазней за дзесяць дзён з дня ўнясення Прэзідэнтам адпаведнай прапановы. Калі Канстытуцыйны Суд пацвердзіць канстытуцыйнасць закона, Прэзідэнт падпісвае яго ў пяцідзённы тэрмін з дня прыняцця Канстытуцыйным Судом адпаведнага заключэння. У выпадку прызнання Канстытуцыйным Судом закона не адпаведным Канстытуцыі Прэзідэнт вяртае яго ў Палату прадстаўнікоў.
Калі Прэзідэнт не вяртае які-небудзь закон на працягу двух тыдняў пасля таго, як ён быў прадстаўлены Прэзідэнту, а ў выпадку прыняцця Канстытуцыйным Судом заключэння аб канстытуцыйнасці закона – пяці дзён з дня прыняцця адпаведнага заключэння, закон лічыцца падпісаным. Закон не лічыцца падпісаным і не ўступае ў сілу, калі ён не мог быць вернуты ў Парламент у сувязі з заканчэннем сесіі.
... (Артыкул 100) - Russian
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Если Президент в течение указанного срока обратится в Конституционный Суд с предложением о проверке конституционности закона, срок для подписания такого закона приостанавливается на время рассмотрения предложения Конституционным Судом. Заключение Конституционного Суда должно быть принято не позднее десяти дней со дня внесения Президентом соответствующего предложения. Если Конституционный Суд подтвердит конституционность закона, Президент подписывает его в пятидневный срок со дня принятия Конституционным Судом соответствующего заключения. В случае признания Конституционным Судом закона не соответствующим Конституции Президент возвращает его в Палату представителей.
Если Президент не возвращает какой-либо закон на протяжении двух недель после того, как он был представлен Президенту, а в случае принятия Конституционным Судом заключения о конституционности закона – пяти дней со дня принятия соответствующего заключения, закон считается подписанным. Закон не считается подписанным и не вступает в силу, если он не мог быть возвращен в Парламент в связи с окончанием сессии.
... (Статья 100)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of sections 22(5), 38(6), 42(8), 57(7), 115(8), 118(3) and 121(10) of this Constitution, any person who alleges that any provision of this Constitution (other than a provision of Chapter I3 thereof) has been or is being contravened may, if he has a relevant interest, apply to the High Court for a declaration and for relief under this section.
(2) The High Court shall have jurisdiction on an application made under this section to determine whether any provision of this Constitution (other than a provision of Chapter I thereof) has been or is being contravened and to make a declaration accordingly.
(3) Where the High Court makes a declaration under this section that a provision of this Constitution has been or is being contravened and the person on whose application the declaration is made has also applied for relief, the High Court may grant to that person such remedy as its considers appropriate, being a remedy available generally under the law of Dominica in proceedings in the High Court.
(4) The Chief Justice may make rules with respect to the practice and procedure of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction and powers conferred on the Court by or under this section, including provision with respect to the time within which any application under this section may be made.
(5) A person shall be regarded as having a relevant interest for the purpose of an application under this section only if the contravention of this Constitution alleged by him is such as to affect his interests.
(6) The right conferred on a person by this section to apply for a declaration and relief in respect of an alleged contravention of this Constitution shall be in addition to any other action in respect of the same matter that may be available to that person under any other enactment or any rule of law.
(7) Nothing in this section shall confer jurisdiction on the High Court to hear or determine any such question as is referred to in section 40 of this Constitution. (Sec. 103)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishA constitutional appeal against the acts of public authorities impairing fundamental rights may be lodged by:
a) Those having been party or accessory to the previous legal proceedings referred to in article 41.2 of this Constitution.
b) Those having a legal interest relating to non-enforceable provisions or acts of the General Council.
c) The Office of the Attorney General in case of violation of the fundamental right of jurisdiction. (Art. 102) - CatalanContra els actes dels poders públics que lesionin drets fonamentals, estan legitimats per demanar empara davant el Tribunal Constitucional:
a) Els qui hagin estat part o siguin coadjuvants en el procés judicial previ al que es refereix l'article 41.2 d'aquesta Constitució.
b) Els qui tinguin un interès legítim en relació a disposicions o actes sense força de llei del Consell General.
c) El Ministeri Fiscal en cas de violació del dret fonamental a la jurisdicció. (Art. 102)