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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Limitations and/or Derogations
Cabo Verde
- EnglishThe rights, liberties and guarantees may only be suspended in case of the declaration of a state of siege or a state of emergency, in the terms foreseen in the Constitution. (Art. 27)
- PortugueseOs direitos, liberdades e garantias só poderão ser suspensos em caso de declaração do estado de sítio ou de emergência, nos termos previstos na Constituição. (Art. 27)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Bahamas
- EnglishWhereas every person in The Bahamas is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, has the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest,
...
the subsequent provisions of this Chapter5 shall have effect for the purpose of affording protection to the aforesaid rights and freedoms subject to such limitations of that protection as are contained in those provisions, being limitations designed to ensure that the enjoyment of the said rights and freedoms by any individual does not prejudice the rights and freedoms of others or the public interest. (Art. 15)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Bosnia and Herzegovina
- English…
2. No amendment to this Constitution may eliminate or diminish any of the rights and freedoms referred to in Article II of this Constitution or alter the present paragraph. (Art. X) - Bosnian…
2. Nijednim amandmanom na ovaj Ustav ne može se eliminisati, niti umanjiti bilo koje od prava i sloboda iz člana II ovog Ustava, niti izmijeniti ova odredba. (Član X) - Croatian…
2. Ni jedna izmjena ili dopuna ovog Ustava ne može dokinuti ili umanjiti ni jedno od prava i sloboda navedenih u članku II ovog Ustava ili izmijeniti ovaj stavak. (Članak X) - Serbian…
2. Ниједан амандман овог Устава не може да елиминише или умањи права и слободе из члана II овог Устава или да измијени ову одредбу. (Члан X)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Equatorial Guinea
- English1. The President of the Republic, when the circumstances demand it, can declare by way of decree the state of alarm, the state of exception or that of siege, informing the Chamber of the Deputies and the Senate.
2. The proclamation of the state of alarm, of exception or of siege must expressly determine the effects of it and, the territorial scope to which its duration is extended.
3. The law regulates the states of alarm, of exception and of siege, as well as the corresponding competences and limitations.
4. While any of the states comprehended in this Article have been declared[,] the dissolution of the Chambers of Parliament may not proceed.
5. For the creation [actuaci6n] of armed bands or of terrorist elements, with the necessary judicial intervention and the adequate parliamentary control, the rights and guarantees recognized in this Fundamental Law can be suspended in individual or collective form for specific persons[,] in accordance with the Law. (Art. 44) - Spanish1. El Presidente de la República, cuando las circunstancias lo demanden, podrá declarar mediante decreto el estado de alarma, el estado de excepción o de sitio, informándolo a la Cámara de los Diputados y al Senado.
2. La proclamación del estado de alarma, de excepción o de sitio deberá determinar expresamente los efectos del mismo y el ámbito territorial a que se extiende su duración.
3. La ley regula los estados de alarma, de excepción y de sitio, así como las competencias y limitaciones correspondientes.
4. No podrá proceder a la disolución de las Cámaras del Parlamento mientras están declarados algunos de los estados comprendidos en el presente artículo.
5. Por la actuación de bandas armadas o de elementos terroristas, con la necesaria intervención judicial y el adecuado control parlamentario, los derechos y garantías reconocidos en la Ley Fundamental podrán ser suspendidos de forma individual o colectiva para personas determinadas conforme a la Ley. (Art. 44) - FrenchLe Président de la République peut, lorsque les circonstances l'exigent, déclarer par décret l'état d'alarme, l'état d'exception ou de siège, en informant la Chambre des députés et le Sénat.
2. La proclamation d'un état d'alarme, d'urgence ou de siège contiendra la détermination expresse de ses effets et de sa portée territoriale.
3. La loi définit le régime des états d'alarme, d'urgence et de siège, ainsi que les compétences et les limites qui s'y rapportent.
4. La dissolution des chambres du Parlement ne pourra être prononcée tant que durent les états d'urgence visés au présent article.
5. Les droits et garanties reconnus aux personnes dans la Loi fondamentale pourront être suspendus individuellement ou collectivement conformément à la loi, en raison de l'action de bandes armées ou de factions terroristes, la nécessaire intervention du pouvoir judiciaire et l'exercice adéquat du contrôle parlementaire étant garantis. (Art. 44)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Canada
- EnglishThe guarantee in this Charter7 of certain rights and freedoms shall not be construed so as to abrogate or derogate from any aboriginal, treaty or other rights or freedoms that pertain to the aboriginal peoples of Canada including
(a) any rights or freedoms that have been recognized by the Royal Proclamation of October 7, 1763; and
(b) any rights or freedoms that now exist by way of land claims agreements or may be so acquired. (Constitution Act 1982, Sec. 25) - FrenchLe fait que la présente charte garantit certains droits et libertés ne porte pas atteinte aux droits ou libertés — ancestraux, issus de traités ou autres — des peuples autochtones du Canada, notamment:
a) aux droits ou libertés reconnus par la proclamation royale du 7 octobre 1763;
b) aux droits ou libertés existants issus d’accords sur des revendications territoriales ou ceux susceptibles d’être ainsi acquis. (Loi constitutionnelle de 1982, Sec. 25)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Germany
- English(1) Every person shall have the right to free development of his personality insofar as he does not violate the rights of others or offend against the constitutional order or the moral law.
… (Art. 2) - German(1) Jeder hat das Recht auf die freie Entfaltung seiner Persönlichkeit, soweit er nicht die Rechte anderer verletzt und nicht gegen die verfassungsmäßige Ordnung oder das Sittengesetz verstößt.
… (Art. 2)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Ghana
- English…
(4) Nothing in, or done under the authority of, a law shall be held to be inconsistent with, or in contravention of, this article to the extent that the law in question makes provision—
(a) for the imposition of restrictions by order of a court, that are required in the interest of defence, public safety or public order, on the movement or residence within Ghana of any person; or
(b) for the imposition of restrictions, by order of a court, on the movement or residence within Ghana of any person either as a result of his having been found guilty of a criminal offence under the laws of Ghana or for the purposes of ensuring that he appears before a court at a later date for trial for a criminal offence or for proceedings relating to his extradition or lawful removal from Ghana; or
(c) for the imposition of restrictions that are reasonably required in the interest of defence, public safety, public health or the running of essential services, on the movement or residence within Ghana of any person or persons generally, or any class of persons; or
(d) for the imposition of restrictions on the freedom of entry into Ghana, or of movement in Ghana, of a person who is not a citizen of Ghana; or
(e) that is reasonably required for the purpose of safeguarding the people of Ghana against the teaching or propagation of a doctrine which exhibits or encourages disrespect for the nationhood of Ghana, the national symbols and emblems, or incites hatred against other members of the community;
except so far as that provision or, as the case may be, the thing done under the authority of that law is shown not to be reasonably justifiable in terms of the spirit of this Constitution.
… (Art. 21)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Dominica
- EnglishWhereas every person in Dominica is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms, that is to say, the rights whatever his race, place of origins, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the public interest,
…
the provisions of this Chapter5 shall have effect for the purpose of affording protection to those rights and freedoms subject to such limitations of that protection as are contained in those provisions, being limitations designed to ensure that the enjoyment of the said rights and freedoms by any person does not prejudice the rights and freedoms of others of the public interest. (Sec. 1)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Lithuania
- English…
During a state of emergency or martial law, the Constitution may not be amended. (Art. 147) - Lithuanian...
Nepaprastosios padėties ar karo padėties metu Konstitucija negali būti taisoma. (147 straipsnis)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Lesotho
- English1. Whereas every person in Lesotho is entitled, whatever his race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status to fundamental human rights and freedoms, that is to say, to each and all of the following—
…
the provisions of this Chapter7 shall have effect for the purpose of affording protection to those rights and freedoms, subject to such limitations of that protection as are contained in those provisions, being limitations designed to ensure that the enjoyment of the said rights and freedoms by any person does not prejudice the rights and freedoms of others or the public interest.
… (Sec. 4)