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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Minorities
- English(1) The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them.
…
(4) Nothing in this article or in clause (2) of article 29 shall prevent the State from making any special provision for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes.
(5) Nothing in this article or in sub-clause (g) of clause (1) of article 19 shall prevent the State from making any special provision, by law, for the advancement of any socially and educationally backward classes of citizens or for the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes in so far as such special provisions relate to their admission to educational institutions including private educational institutions, whether aided or unaided by the State, other than the minority educational institutions referred to in clause (1) of article 30.
… (Art. 15) - Hindi(1) राज्य, किसी नागरिक के विरुद्ध केवल धर्म, मूलवंश, जाति, लिंग, जन्मस्थान या इनमें से किसी के आधार पर कोई विभेद नहीं करेगा।
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(4) इस अनुच्छेद की या अनुच्छेद 29 के खंड (2) की कोई बात राज्य को सामाजिक और शैक्षिक दृष्टि से पिछड़े हुए नागरिकों के किन्हीं वर्गों की उन्नति के लिए या अनुसूचित जातियों और अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए कोई विशेष उपबंध करने से निवारित नहीं करेगी।
(5) इस अनुच्छेद या अनुच्छेद 19 के खंड (1) के उपखंड (छ) की कोई बात राज्य को सामाजिक और शैक्षिक दृष्टि से पिछड़े हुए नागरिकों के किन्हीं वर्गों की उन्नति के लिए या अनुसूचित जातियों या अनुसूचित जनजातियों के लिए, विधि द्वारा, कोई विशेष उपबंध करने से निवारित नहीं करेगी, जहां तक ऐसे विशेष उपबंध, अनुच्छेद 30 के खंड (1) में निर्दिष्ट अल्पसंख्यक शिक्षा संस्थाओं से भिन्न, शिक्षा संस्थाओं में, जिनके अंतर्गत प्राइवेट शिक्षा संस्थाएं भी हैं, चाहे वे राज्य से सहायता प्राप्त हों या नहीं, प्रवेश से संबंधित हैं।
… (अनुच्छेद 15)
Minorities
- EnglishThe Administration is largely representative of the Burundian Nation and must reflect the diversity of its components. The practices that it observes in the matter of employment are founded on objective and equitable criteria of aptitude as well as on the necessity to correct the disequilibrium and to assure a wide ethnic, regional and gender representation. The ethnic representation in the public enterprises is provided on the basis of 60% at most for the Hutu and 40% at most for the Tutsi. (Art. 148)
- KirundiMu ntwaro, abarundi bose bategerezwa kuba baserukiwe bikwiye mu budasa bwa bo. Ugutanga akazi gutegerezwa kwisunga ko abakarondera bakwije ibisabwa n’amategeko hakurikijwe ubutungane n’ukwitwararika gukosora ivyerekeye urugero rw’ingene abanyagihugu baserukirwa, bikaringanizwa mu buryo abanyagihugu bo mu moko yose, intara zose n’ibitsina baserukirwa. Mu mashirahamwe ya Leta, ubwoko bw’abahutu buserukirwa ku rugero rw’ibice bitarenga 60 %, ubwoko bw’abatutsi bugaserukirwa ku rugero rw’ibice bitarenga 40 %. (Ingingo ya 148)
- FrenchL’Administration est largement représentative de la nation burundaise et doit refléter la diversité de ses composantes. Les pratiques qu’elle observe en matière d’emploi sont fondées sur des critères d’aptitude objectifs et équitables ainsi que sur la nécessité de corriger les déséquilibres et d’assurer une large représentation ethnique, régionale et de genre. La représentation ethnique dans les entreprises publiques est pourvue à raison de 60% au plus pour les Hutu et 40% au plus pour les Tutsi. (Art. 148)
Minorities
- English
The State pursues the policy of promoting unity and equality among all ethnic groups. All ethnic groups have the right to protect, preserve and promote the fine customs and cultures of their own tribes and of the nation. All acts creating division and discrimination among ethnic groups are prohibited.
The State implements every measure to gradually develop and upgrade the socio- economic levels of all ethnic groups. (Art. 8) - Lao
ລັດປະຕິບັດນະໂຍບາຍສາມັກຄີ ແລະສະເໝີພາບລະຫວ່າງຊົນເຜົ່າຕ່າງໆ. ທຸກຊົນເຜົ່າລ້ວນແຕ່ມີສິດປົກປັກຮັກສາ, ເສີມຂະຫຍາຍຮີດຄອງປະເພນີ ແລະວັດທະນະທໍາອັນດີງາມຂອງຕົນ ແລະ ຂອງຊາດ. ຫ້າມທຸກການກະທໍາແບ່ງແຍກ ແລະການປະພຶດທີ່ເປັນການຈໍາແນກລະຫວ່າງຊົນເຜົ່າ.ລັດປະຕິບັດທຸກມາດຕະການເພື່ອຂະຫຍາຍ ແລະ ຍົກລະດັບເສດຖະກິດ ສັງຄົມຂອງທຸກຊົນເຜົ່າໃຫ້ສູງຂຶ້ນ. (ມາດຕາ 8) (ປັບປຸງ)
Minorities
- English(1) Community land shall vest in and be held by communities identified on the basis of ethnicity, culture or similar community of interest.
(2) Community land consists of—
(a) land lawfully registered in the name of group representatives under the provisions of any law;
(b) land lawfully transferred to a specific community by any process of law;
(c) any other land declared to be community land by an Act of Parliament; and
(d) land that is—
(i) lawfully held, managed or used by specific communities as community forests, grazing areas or shrines;
(ii) ancestral lands and lands traditionally occupied by hunter-gatherer communities; or
(iii) lawfully held as trust land by the county governments, but not including any public land held in trust by the county government under Article 62(2).
… (Art. 63) - Swahili(1) Ardhi ya jamii itakabidhiwa na kushikiliwa na jamii zinazotambuliwa kwa msingi wa kabila, utamaduni au jamii yenye maslahi yanayofanana.
(2) Ardhi ya jumuiya inajumuisha—
(a) ardhi iliyosajiliwa kihalali kwa jina la wawakilishi wa kikundi chini ya masharti ya sheria yoyote;
(b) ardhi ambayo umilikiwa wake umehamishwa kihalali kwenda kwa jamii mahususi kwa mchakato wowote wa sheria;
(c) ardhi nyingine yoyote iliyotangazwa kuwa ardhi ya jamii kwa Sheria ya Bunge; na
(d) ardhi ambayo—
(i) inashikiliwa kihalali, inayosimamiwa au kutumiwa na jamii mahususi kama misitu ya jamii, maeneo ya malisho au matambiko;
(ii) ardhi za mababu na ardhi ambazo kiutamaduni zilishikiliwa na jamii za wawindaji na waokotaji; au
(iii) imeshikiliwa kisheria na serikali za kaunti kama ardhi ya amana, lakini haijumuishi ardhi yoyote ya umma inayoshikiliwa na serikali ya kaunti chini ya Kifungu cha 62 (2).
... (Kifungu cha 63)
Minorities
- English(1) The functions, duties and powers of the National Inclusion Commission shall be as follows:
(a) to conduct study and research works for the protection of the rights and interests of the communities, including Khas Arya, Pichhada class, persons with disabilities, senior citizens, labours, peasants, minorities and marginalized community, backward class, people of Karnali and the indigent class,
(b) to study the status of implementation of the policies and laws adopted by the Government of Nepal for the inclusion of the community, class and region mentioned in clause (a) and make suggestions to the Government for reforms,
(c) to study as to whether there has been appropriate representation of the community, class and region mentioned in clause (a) in the organs of the State and make suggestions to the Government of Nepal to review the special provisions made for the representation of such community, class and region,
(d) to study as to whether the protection, empowerment and development of the community, class and region mentioned in clause (a) has been satisfactory and make recommendations to the Government of Nepal about policies to be pursued in the future,
(e) to make suggestions to the Government of Nepal about policies and programs to be pursued for the development and prosperity of the Karnali and backward regions,
(f) to make recommendations for timely revisions of laws concerning minority and marginalized communities,
(g) to monitor the status of implementation of rights and interests guaranteed for minority and marginalized communities and make recommendations for revision upon necessary review on the basis of periodic national census and human development index.
(2) The National Inclusion Commission may so delegate any of its functions, duties and powers to the Chairperson of the Commission, any of its members or any employee of the Government of Nepal as to be exercised and complied with subject to the specified conditions.
(3) Other functions, duties and powers and other relevant matters of the National Inclusion Commission shall be as provided for in the Federal law. (Art. 259) - Nepali(१) राष्ट्रिय समावेशी आयोगको काम, कर्तव्य र अधिकार देहाय बमोजिम हुनेछ ः–
(क) खस आर्य, पिछडा वर्ग, अपांगता भएका व्यक्ति, ज्येष्ठ
नागरिक, श्रमिक, किसान, अल्पसंख्यक एवं सीमान्तीकृत
समुदाय तथा पिछडिएको वर्ग र कर्णाली तथा आर्थिक रूपले विपन्न वर्ग लगायतका समुदायको हक अधिकारको संरक्षणकालागि अध्ययन तथा अनुसन्धान गर्ने,
(ख) खण्ड (क) मा उल्लिखित समुदाय, वर्ग र क्षेत्रको समावेशीकरणकालागि नेपाल सरकारले अवलम्बन गरेको
नीति तथा कानूनको कार्यान्वयन अवस्थाको अध्ययन गरी सुधारकालागि नेपाल सरकारलाई सुझाव दिने,
(ग) खण्ड (क) मा उल्लिखित समुदाय, वर्ग र क्षेत्रको राज्य संयन्त्रमा उचित प्रतिनिधित्व भए नभएको अध्ययन गरी त्यस्तो समुदाय, वर्ग र क्षेत्रको प्रतिनिधित्वकालागि गरिएको विशेष व्यवस्थाको पुनरावलोकन गर्न नेपाल सरकारलाई सुझाव दिने,
(घ) खण्ड (क) मा उल्लिखित समुदाय, वर्ग र क्षेत्रको संरक्षण, सशक्तीकरण र विकास सन्तोषजनक भए नभएको अध्ययनगरी भविष्यमा अवलम्बन गर्नु पर्ने नीतिको सम्बन्धमा नेपाल सरकार समक्ष सिफारिस गर्ने,
(ङ) कर्णाली र पिछडिएको क्षेत्रको विकास र समृद्धिकालागि अबलम्बन गर्नु पर्ने नीति र कार्यक्रमको सम्बन्धमा नेपाल सरकारलाई सुझाव दिने,
(च) अल्पसंख्यक तथा सीमान्तीकृत समुदाय सम्बन्धी कानूनमा समयानुकुल परिमार्जनकालागि सिफारिस गर्ने,
(छ) अल्पसंख्यक तथा सीमान्तीकृत समुदायकालागि प्रत्याभूत हक अधिकारको कार्यान्वयन स्थिति अनुगमन गरी आवधिक रूपमा हुने राष्ट्रिय जनगणना तथा मानव विकास सूचकांक सम्बन्धी प्रतिवेदनको आधारमा आवश्यक पुनरावलोकन गरी परिमार्जनकालागि सिफारिस गर्ने ।
(२) राष्ट्रिय समावेशी आयोगले आफ्नो काम, कर्तव्य र अधिकार मध्ये कुनै काम, कर्तव्य र अधिकार सो आयोगको अध्यक्ष, कुनै सदस्य वा नेपाल सरकारको कुनै कर्मचारीलाई तोकिएको शर्तको अधीनमा रही प्रयोग तथा पालन गर्ने गरी प्रत्यायोजन गर्न सक्नेछ ।
(३) राष्ट्रिय समावेशी आयोगको अन्य काम, कर्तव्य, अधिकार तथा तत्सम्बन्धी अन्य व्यवस्था संघीय कानून बमोजिम हुनेछ । (धारा २५९)
Minorities
- EnglishEthnic and cultural communities shall have the right to freely enjoy and develop their particular cultures. Members of such communities shall have the right to practice their beliefs, use their languages, observe their religions and raise their children within the context of their respective cultures and customs in accordance with this Constitution and the law. (Art. 33)
Minorities
- EnglishThe State should promote and provide protection for different ethnic groups to have the right to live in the society according to the traditional culture, custom, and ways of life on a voluntary basis, peacefully and without interference, insofar as it is not contrary to public order or good morals or does not endanger the security of the security, health or sanitation. (Sec. 70)
- Thaiรัฐพึงส่งเสริมและให้ความคุ้มครองกลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ต่างๆ ให้มีสิทธิดํารงชีวิตในสังคมตามวัฒนธรรม ประเพณีและวิถีชีวิตดั้งเดิมตามความสมัครใจได้อย่างสงบสุข ไม่ถูกรบกวน เท่าที่ไม่เป็นการขัดต่อความสงบเรียบร้อยหรือศีลธรรมอันดีของประชาชน หรือเป็นอันตรายต่อความมั่นคงของรัฐ หรือสุขภาพอนามัย (มาตรา ๗๐)
Minorities
- EnglishThe collective rights of the coastal back-country people (montubios) are recognized to guarantee their process of integral, sustainable and durable human development, the policies and strategies for their progress and their forms of societal management, on the basis of knowledge about their reality and respect for their culture, identity, and own vision, in accordance with the law. (Art. 59)
- SpanishSe reconocen los derechos colectivos de los pueblos montubios para garantizar su proceso de desarrollo humano integral, sustentable y sostenible, las políticas y estrategias para su progreso y sus formas de administración asociativa, a partir del conocimiento de su realidad y el respeto a su cultura, identidad y visión propia, de acuerdo con la ley. (Art. 59)
Minorities
- English(1) Everyone shall have the right to avail himself of the national and universal human cultural values and to develop his own culture in accordance with his ethnic self identification, which shall be recognized and guaranteed by the law.
… (Art. 54) - Bulgarian(1) Всеки има право да се ползва от националните и общочовешките културни ценности, както и да развива своята култура в съответствие с етническата си принадлежност, което се признава и гарантира от закона.
… (Чл. 54)
Minorities
- English...
Latvia as democratic, socially responsible and national state is based on the rule of law and on respect for human dignity and freedom, it recognises and protects fundamental human rights and respects ethnic minorities.
... (Preamble) - Latvian...
Latvija kā demokrātiska, tiesiska, sociāli atbildīga un nacionāla valsts balstās uz cilvēka cieņu un brīvību, atzīst un aizsargā cilvēka pamattiesības un ciena mazākumtautības.
... (Preambula)