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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Status of International Law
- EnglishThe supreme law of the Republic is the Constitution. [The Constitution], the treaties, conventions and international agreements approved and ratified, the laws dictated by the Congress and other juridical provisions of inferior hierarchy, sanctioned in consequence, integrate the positive national law [derecho positivo] in the enounced order of preference [prelación].
… (Art. 137) - SpanishLa ley suprema de la República es la Constitución. Esta, los tratados, convenios y acuerdos internacionales aprobados y ratificados, las leyes dictadas por el Congreso y otras disposiciones jurídicas de inferior jerarquía, sancionadas en consecuencia, integran el derecho positivo nacional en el orden de prelación enunciado.
… (Art. 137)
Status of International Law
- EnglishThe treaties, pacts and conventions relating human rights which have been executed and ratified by Venezuela have a constitutional rank, and prevail over internal legislation, insofar as they contain provisions concerning the enjoyment and exercise of such rights that are more favorable than those established by this Constitution and the laws of the Republic, and shall be immediately and directly applied by the courts and other organs of the Public Power. (Art. 23)
- SpanishLos tratados, pactos y convenciones relativos a derechos humanos, suscritos y ratificados por Venezuela, tienen jerarquía constitucional y prevalecen en el orden interno, en la medida en que contengan normas sobre su goce y ejercicio más favorables a las establecidas por esta Constitución y la ley de la República, y son de aplicación inmediata y directa por los tribunales y demás órganos del Poder Público. (Art. 23)
Status of International Law
- English
The Supreme Federal Court is responsible, essentially, for safeguarding the Constitution, and it is within its competence:
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III – to judge, on extraordinary appeal, cases decided in a sole or last instance, when the decision appealed:
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b) declares a treaty or a federal law unconstitutional;
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Paragraph 2. Final decisions on merits, pronounced by the Supreme Federal Court, in direct actions of unconstitutionality and declaratory actions of constitutionality shall have force against all, as well as a binding effect, as regards the other bodies of the Judicial Power and the governmental entities and entities owned by the Federal Government, in the federal, state, and local levels.
… (Art. 102) - Portuguese
Compete ao Supremo Tribunal Federal, precipuamente, a guarda da Constituição, cabendo-lhe:
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III - julgar, mediante recurso extraordinário, as causas decididas em única ou última instância, quando a decisão recorrida:
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b) declarar a inconstitucionalidade de tratado ou lei federal;
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§ 2º As decisões definitivas de mérito, proferidas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, nas ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade e nas ações declaratórias de constitucionalidade produzirão eficácia contra todos e efeito vinculante, relativamente aos demais órgãos do Poder Judiciário e à administração pública direta e indireta, nas esferas federal, estadual e municipal.
… (Art. 102)
Status of International Law
- EnglishThe State’s prime duties are:
1. Guaranteeing without any discrimination whatsoever the true possession of the rights set forth in the Constitution and in international instruments, especially the rights to education, health, food, social security and water for its inhabitants.
… (Art. 3) - SpanishSon deberes primordiales del Estado:
1. Garantizar sin discriminación alguna el efectivo goce de los derechos establecidos en la Constitución y en los instrumentos internacionales, en particular la educación, la salud, la alimentación, la seguridad social y el agua para sus habitantes.
… (Art. 3)
Status of International Law
- EnglishThe treaties will not be adopted [celebrarse] or ratified or [will] concessions [be] granted where in any manner the form of government is altered or [there is] damage or impairment [to] the integrity of the territory, the sovereignty and independence of the Republic or the fundamental rights and guarantees of the human person.
… (Art. 146) - SpanishNo podrán celebrarse o ratificarse tratados u otorgarse concesiones en que de alguna manera se altere la forma de gobierno o se lesionen o menoscaben la integridad del territorio, la soberanía e independencia de la República o los derechos y garantías fundamentales de la persona humana.
… (Art. 146)
Status of International Law
- EnglishIn case of conflict between the treaty or convention, and the law, the former shall prevail. (Art. 18)
- SpanishEn caso de conflicto entre el tratado o convención y la Ley prevalecerá el primero. (Art. 18)
Status of International Law
- English
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When a treaty affects constitutional provisions it must be adopted by the same procedure that governs the reform of the Constitution, before being ratified by the President of the Republic.
... (Art. 57) - Spanish
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Cuando el tratado afecte disposiciones constitucionales debe ser aprobado por el mismo procedimiento que rige la reforma de la Constitución, antes de ser ratificado por el Presidente de la República.
... (Art. 57)
Status of International Law
- EnglishThe following are functions of the Constitutional Division of the Supreme Tribunal of Justice:
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5. To verify, at the request of the President of the Republic or the National Assembly, the constitutionality of international treaties signed by the Republic, prior to ratification of the same.
… (Art. 336) - SpanishSon atribuciones de la Sala Constitucional del Tribunal Supremo de Justicia:
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5. Verificar, a solicitud del Presidente o Presidenta de la República o de la Asamblea Nacional, la conformidad de la Constitución con los tratados internacionales suscritos por la República antes de su ratificación.
… (Art. 336)
Status of International Law
- EnglishCongress is empowered:
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22. To approve or reject treaties concluded with other nations and international organizations, and concordats with the Holy See. Treaties and concordats have a higher hierarchy than laws.
The American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man; the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; the American Convention on Human Rights; the International Pact on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; the International Pact on Civil and Political Rights and its empowering Protocol; the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide; the International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination; the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Woman; the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatments or Punishments; the Convention on the Rights of the Child; in the full force of their provisions, they have constitutional hierarchy, do no repeal any section of the First Part of this Constitution and are to be understood as complementing the rights and guarantees recognized herein. They shall only be denounced, in such event, by the National Executive Power after the approval of two-thirds of all the members of each House.
In order to attain constitutional hierarchy, the other treaties and conventions on human rights shall require the vote of two-thirds of all the members of each House, after their approval by Congress.
23.- To legislate and promote positive measures guaranteeing true equal opportunities and treatment, the full benefit and exercise of the rights recognized by this Constitution and by the international treaties on human rights in force, particularly referring to children, women, the aged, and disabled persons.
24.- To approve treaties of integration which delegate powers and jurisdiction to supranational organizations under reciprocal and equal conditions, and which respect the democratic order and human rights. The rules derived therefrom have a higher hierarchy than laws.
… (Sec. 75) - SpanishCorresponde al Congreso:
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22. Aprobar o desechar tratados concluidos con las demás naciones y con las organizaciones internacionales y los concordatos con la Santa Sede. Los tratados y concordatos tienen jerarquía superior a las leyes.
La Declaración Americana de los Derechos y Deberes del Hombre; la Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos; la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos; el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales; el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos y su Protocolo Facultativo; la Convención sobre la Prevención y la Sanción del Delito de Genocidio; la Convención Internacional sobre la Eliminación de todas las Formas de Discriminación Racial; la Convención sobre la Eliminación de todas las Formas de Discriminación contra la Mujer; la Convención contra la Tortura y otros Tratos o Penas Crueles, Inhumanos o Degradantes; la Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño; en las condiciones de su vigencia, tienen jerarquía constitucional, no derogan artículo alguno de la primera parte de esta Constitución y deben entenderse complementarios de los derechos y garantías por ella reconocidos. Sólo podrán ser denunciados, en su caso, por el Poder Ejecutivo nacional, previa aprobación de las dos terceras partes de la totalidad de los miembros de cada Cámara.
Los demás tratados y convenciones sobre derechos humanos, luego de ser aprobados por el Congreso, requerirán del voto de las dos terceras partes de la totalidad de los miembros de cada Cámara para gozar de la jerarquía constitucional.
23. Legislar y promover medidas de acción positiva que garanticen la igualdad real de oportunidades y de trato, y el pleno goce y ejercicio de los derechos reconocidos por esta Constitución y por los tratados internacionales vigentes sobre derechos humanos, en particular respecto de los niños, las mujeres, los ancianos y las personas con discapacidad.
24. Aprobar tratados de integración que deleguen competencias y jurisdicción a organizaciones supraestatales en condiciones de reciprocidad e igualdad, y que respeten el orden democrático y los derechos humanos. Las normas dictadas en su consecuencia tienen jerarquía superior a las leyes.
… (Art. 75)
Status of International Law
- English
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(3) Where the High Court or the Court of Appeal is seised of an issue the resolution of which involves a question concerning the interpretation or application of the Treaty, the High Court or the Court of Appeal, as the case may be, shall, if it considers that a decision on the question is necessary to enable it to deliver judgment, refer the question to the Caribbean Court of Justice for determination before delivering judgment. (Sec. 96)