Constitution of the People’s Republic of China 1982, as amended to 2018
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
  • English
    Rural collective economic organizations practice the double-tier management system that combines unified and separate operations on the basis of the household-based output- related contracted responsibility system. Various forms of the cooperative economy in rural areas such as producers', supply and marketing, credit and consumers' cooperatives belong to the sector of the socialist economy under collective ownership by the working people. Working people who are members of rural economic collectives have the right, within the limits prescribed by law, to farm plots of cropland and hilly land allotted for private use, engage in household sideline production and raise privately owned livestock.
    … (Art. 8)
  • Chinese
    农村集体经济组织实行家庭承包经营为基础、统分结合的双层经营体制。农村中的生产、供销、信用、消费等各种形式的合作经济,是社会主义劳动群众集体所有制经济。参加农村集体经济组织的劳动者,有权在法律规定的范围内经营自留地、自留山、家庭副业和饲养自留畜。
    … (第八条)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
  • English
    Land in the cities is owned by the state.
    Land in the rural and suburban areas is owned by collectives except for those portions which belong to the state in accordance with the law; house sites and private plots of cropland and hilly land are also owned by collectives.

    No organization or individual may appropriate, buy, sell or otherwise engage in the transfer of land by unlawful means. The right to the use of land may be transferred according to law.
    All organizations and individuals who use land must make rational use of the land. (Art. 10)
  • Chinese
    城市的土地属于国家所有。
    农村和城市郊区的土地,除由法律规定属于国家所有的以外,属于集体所有;宅基地和自留地、自留山,也属于集体所有。

    任何组织或者个人不得侵占、买卖或者以其他形式非法转让土地。土地的使用权可以依照法律的规定转让。
    一切使用土地的组织和个人必须合理地利用土地。(第十条)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
  • English
    Citizens' lawful private property is inviolable.
    The State, in accordance with law, protects the rights of citizens to private property and to its inheritance.
    … (Art. 13)
  • Chinese
    公民的合法的私有财产不受侵犯。
    国家依照法律规定保护公民的私有财产权和继承权。
    … (第十三条)
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There is a discrepancy in the order of paragraphs between the English and Chinese texts.