Jordan

Islam is the religion of the State and Arabic is its official language. (Art. 2)

Civil Courts in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan shall have the right to exercise jurisdiction over all persons in all civil and criminal matters, including cases filed by the Government or filed against it, with exception of the matters in respect of which jurisdiction is vested in Religious Courts or Special Courts in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution or any other legislation in force. (Art. 102)

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2. Matters of personal status are the matters specified by law and in accordance therewith fall within the sole jurisdiction of the Sharia Courts when the parties are Muslims. (Art. 103)

Religious Courts shall be divided into:
1. The Sharia Courts
2. The Tribunals of other Religious Communities (Art. 104)

The Sharia Courts alone shall have the jurisdiction - in accordance with their own laws - in the following matters:
1. Matters of personal status of Muslims.
2. Cases of blood money (Diya) if the two parties are both Muslims or one of the parties is not a Muslim and the two parties consent to that the right of jurisdiction be for the Sharia Courts.
3. Matters pertaining to Islamic (Waqfs). (Art. 105)

Sharia Courts shall in their jurisdiction apply the provisions of the Sharia. (Art. 106)

The Tribunals of Religious Communities are the tribunals of the non-Muslim religious communities that have been or will be recognised by the Government as established in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. (Art. 108)

1. The Tribunals of Religious Communities shall be composed in conformity with the provisions of laws issued pertaining thereto. In such laws the jurisdictions of said Tribunals shall be defined as regards matters of personal status and (Waqfs) constituted for the benefit of the community concerned. However, matters of personal status of such community shall be the matters of personal status of Muslims within the jurisdiction of the Sharia Courts.
2. The Tribunals of Religious Communities shall apply the procedures and provisions related to the matters of personal status which are not considered matters of personal status of Muslims within the jurisdiction of the Sharia Courts; provided that the legislations of such Tribunals shall organize the conditions of the appointment of their judges and the procedures of trials before them. (Art. 109)