Federal Constitution of Malaysia 1963, as amended to 2022
Customary Law
  • English
    (1) Parliament may make laws with respect to any matter enumerated in the State List, but only as follows, that is to say:
    (a) for the purpose of implementing any treaty, agreement or convention between the Federation and any other country, or any decision of an international organization of which the Federation is a member;
    (b) for the purpose of promoting uniformity of the laws of two or more States; or
    (c) if so requested by the Legislative Assembly of any State.
    (2) No law shall be made in pursuance of paragraph (a) of Clause (1) with respect to any matters of Islamic law or the custom of the Malays or to any matters of native law or custom in the States of Sabah and Sarawak and no Bill for a law under that paragraph shall be introduced into either House of Parliament until the Government of any State concerned has been consulted.
    … (Art. 76)
  • Malay
    (1) Parlimen boleh membuat undang-undang mengenai apa-apa perkara yang disebut satu persatu dalam Senarai Negeri, tetapi hanya seperti yang berikut sahaja, iaitu:
    (a) bagi maksud melaksanakan apa-apa triti, perjanjian atau konvensyen antara Persekutuan dengan mana-mana negara lain, atau apa-apa keputusan sesuatu organisasi antarabangsa yang dianggotai oleh Persekutuan; atau
    (b) bagi maksud menggalakkan keseragaman undang-undang antara dua Negeri atau lebih; atau
    (c) jika diminta sedemikian oleh Dewan Undangan mana-mana Negeri.
    (2) Tiada undang-undang boleh dibuat menurut perenggan (a) Fasal (1) mengenai apa-apa perkara mengenai hukum Syarak atau adat orang Melayu atau mengenai apa-apa perkara tentang undang-undang atau adat anak negeri di Negeri Sabah dan Sarawak dan tiada Rang Undang-Undang bagi suatu undang-undang di bawah perenggan itu boleh dibawa di dalam mana-mana satu Majlis Parlimen sehingga Kerajaan mana-mana Negeri yang berkenaan telah dirundingi.
    … (Perkara 76)
Customary Law
  • English

    (3) The Attorney General shall have power, exercisable at his discretion, to institute, conduct or discontinue any proceedings for an offence, other than proceedings before a Syariah court, a native court or a court-martial.
    … (Art. 145)
  • Malay

    (3) Peguam Negara hendaklah mempunyai kuasa yang boleh dijalankan menurut budi bicaranya, untuk memulakan, menjalankan atau memberhentikan apa-apa prosiding bagi sesuatu kesalahan, selain prosiding di hadapan mahkamah Syariah, mahkamah anak negeri atau mahkamah tentera.
    … (Perkara 145)
Customary Law
  • English

    (5) Notwithstanding anything in Article 152, in the State of Sabah or Sarawak a native language in current use in the State may be used in native courts or for any code of native law and custom, and in the case of Sarawak, until otherwise provided by enactment of the Legislature, may be used by a member addressing the Legislative Assembly or any committee thereof. (Art. 161)
  • Malay

    (5) Walau apa pun apa-apa jua dalam Perkara 152, di dalam Negeri Sabah dan Sarawak sesuatu bahasa ibunda yang pada masa ini digunakan di Negeri itu boleh digunakan di dalam mahkamah anak negeri atau bagi apa-apa kanun undang-undang dan adat anak negeri, dan dalam hal Sarawak, sehingga diperuntukkan selainnya melalui enakmen Badan Perundangan, bahasa ibunda itu boleh digunakan oleh ahli apabila berucap di dalam Dewan Undangan atau mana-mana jawatankuasanya. (Perkara 161)
Customary Law
  • English
    ...
    13. Native law and custom, including the personal law relating to marriage, divorce, guardianship, maintenance, adoption, legitimacy, family law, gifts or succession, testate or intestate; registration of adoptions under native law or custom; the determination of matters of native law or custom; the constitution, organization, and procedure of native courts (including the right of audience in such courts), and the jurisdiction and powers of such courts, which shall extend only to the matters included in this paragraph and shall not include jurisdiction in respect of offences except in so far as conferred by federal law.
    … (Ninth Schedule, List IIA—Supplement to State List for States of Sabah and Sarawak, [Article 95B(1)(a)])
  • Malay
    ...
    13. Undang-undang dan adat anak negeri, termasuk undang-undang diri yang berhubungan dengan perkahwinan, perceraian, penjagaan, nafkah, pengangkatan, kesahtarafan, undang-undang keluarga, alang atau pewarisan, berwasiat atau tidak berwasiat; pendaftaran pengangkatan di bawah undang-undang atau adat anak negeri; penentuan perkara perkara mengenai undang-undang atau adat anak negeri; keanggotaan, susunan, dan tatacara mahkamah anak negeri (termasuk hak untuk didengar di dalam mahkamah itu), dan bidang kuasa dan kuasa mahkamah itu, yang hendaklah meliputi hanya perkara yang termasuk dalam perenggan ini sahaja dan tidaklah termasuk bidang kuasa berkenaan dengan kesalahan kecuali setakat yang diberikan oleh undang-undang persekutuan.
    … (Jadual Kesembilan, Senarai IIA—Tambahan kepada Senarai Negeri bagi Negeri Sabah dan Sarawak, [Perkara 95B(1)(a)])
1

Federal Constitution of Malaysia 1963, as amended to 2009 (English). Amendments to the Constitution 2019 and 2022 (English), available in HeinOnline World Constitutions Illustrated Library (2023). According to Art. 152: “The national language shall be the Malay language …”

2

Federal Constitution of Malaysia 1963, as amended to 2009 (Malay). Amendments to the Constitution 2019 and 2022 (Malay), available in HeinOnline World Constitutions Illustrated Library (2023).

Links to all sites last visited 22 November 2023
3
Part I on Citizenship by Operation of Law of Persons Born Before Malaysia Day.
4
Chapter 2 on Termination of Citizenship.
5
Part III on Citizenship.
6
Part X on Public Services.
7
Part XV on Proceedings Against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong and the Rulers.