Constitution of Spain 1978, as amended to 2024
Political Rights and Association
  • English
    ...
    (2) It is the responsibility of the public authorities to promote conditions ensuring that freedom and equality of individuals and of the groups to which they belong are real and effective, to remove the obstacles preventing or hindering their full enjoyment, and to facilitate the participation of all citizens in political, economic, cultural and social life.
    … (Sec. 9)
  • Spanish
    ...
    2. Corresponde a los poderes públicos promover las condiciones para que la libertad y la igualdad del individuo y de los grupos en que se integra sean reales y efectivas; remover los obstáculos que impidan o dificulten su plenitud y facilitar la participación de todos los ciudadanos en la vida política, económica, cultural y social.
    … (Art. 9)
Political Rights and Association
  • English
    ...
    (2) Only Spaniards shall have the rights recognized in section 23, except in cases which may be established by treaty or by law concerning the right to vote and the right to be elected in municipal elections, and subject to the principle of reciprocity.
    ... (Sec. 13)
  • Spanish
    ...
    2. Solamente los españoles serán titulares de los derechos reconocidos en el artículo 23, salvo lo que, atendiendo a criterios de reciprocidad, pueda establecerse por tratado o ley para el derecho de sufragio activo y pasivo en las elecciones municipales.
    … (Art. 13)
Political Rights and Association
  • English
    (1) The right of association is granted.
    … (Sec. 22)
  • Spanish
    1. Se reconoce el derecho de asociación.
    … (Art. 22)
Political Rights and Association
  • English
    (1) Citizens have the right to participate in public affairs, directly or through representatives freely elected in periodic elections by universal suffrage.
    (2) They also have the right to accede under conditions of equality to public functions and positions, in accordance with the requirements laid down by the law. (Sec. 23)
  • Spanish
    1. Los ciudadanos tienen el derecho a participar en los asuntos públicos, directamente o por medio de representantes, libremente elegidos en elecciones periódicas por sufragio universal.
    2. Asimismo, tienen derecho a acceder en condiciones de igualdad a las funciones y cargos públicos, con los requisitos que señalen las leyes. (Art. 23)
Political Rights and Association
  • English
    …
    (5) All Spaniards entitled to the full exercise of their political rights shall be electors and may be elected.
    ... (Sec. 68)
  • Spanish
    …
    5. Son electores y elegibles todos los españoles que estén en pleno uso de sus derechos políticos.
    … (Art. 68)
Links to all sites last visited 9 April 2024
3,4

3- Chapter 2 on Rights and Liberties.
4- Chapter 3 on Principles governing Ecomic and Social Policy

5,6

5- Chapter 2 on Rights and Liberties.
6- Chapter 3 on Principles governing Ecomic and Social Policy