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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. An appeal shall lie from decisions of the Court of Appeal to Her Majesty in Council as of right in the following cases-
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c. final decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings which involve a question as to the interpretation of this Constitution;
… (Sec. 122)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(c) The Supreme Court shall be the final authority on the interpretation of the Constitution, the law, or any other matter dealt with by a court of law. (Art. 145)
- Dhivehi(ނ) ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީ އާއި ޤާނޫނު މާނަކުރުމުގައި، އަދި ޝަރީޢަތުން ބަލާ އެނޫންވެސް މައްސަލަތަކުގައި ސިޕްރީމްކޯޓުން ނިންމާ ނިންމުމްކީ އެންމެ ފަހުގެ ނިންމުމުވެ. (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 145 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishIf a court deciding some matter deems a law which it should apply to be unconstitutional, it must stay the proceedings and initiate proceedings before the Constitutional Court. The proceedings in the court may be continued after the Constitutional Court has issued its decision. (Art. 156)
- SloveneČe sodišče pri odločanju meni, da je zakon, ki bi ga moralo uporabiti, protiustaven, mora postopek prekiniti in začeti postopek pred ustavnim sodiščem. Postopek pred sodiščem se nadaljuje po odločitvi ustavnega sodišča. (156. Člen)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishAttributions of the Constitutional Tribunal are:
1. To exercise the control of constitutionality of the laws that interpret any precept of the Constitution, of the constitutional organic laws and of the norms of a treaty which concern matters belonging to the latter, prior to their promulgation;
2. To resolve concerning the questions of constitutionality of the original decisions adopted by the Supreme Court, the Courts of Appeal and the Qualifying Tribunal of Elections;
3. To resolve the questions concerning constitutionality which arise during the processing of the Bills of law or of constitutional reform and of the treaties submitted to the approval of the Congress;
4. To resolve the questions which arise concerning the constitutionality of a decree with the force of law;
5. To resolve the questions which arise concerning the constitutionality [of] the convocation to a plebiscite, without prejudice to the attributions which correspond to the Qualifying Tribunal of Elections;
6. To resolve, by the majority of its members in office, [on] the inapplicability of a legal precept having application in any measure that is taken before an ordinary or special tribunal, [having a] result contrary to the Constitution;
7. To resolve, by the majority of four-fifths of its members in office, [on] the unconstitutionality of a legal precept declared inapplicable in conformity with that provided in the previous Numeral;
8. To resolve the complaints in case the President of the Republic does not promulgate a law when he should do so or [when] he promulgates a text different from that which constitutionally corresponds;
9. To resolve [the questions] concerning the constitutionality of a decree or resolution of the President of the Republic which the Office of the Comptroller General has objected to [representar] as[,] in its opinion [estimar][,] unconstitutional, when it is required by the President in conformity with Article 99;
10. To declare the unconstitutionality of the organizations and of the movements or political parties, as well as the responsibility of the persons who have participated in the acts which motivated the declaration of unconstitutionality, in conformity with that provided in the sixth, seventh and eighth paragraphs of Numeral 15 of Article 19 of this Constitution. However, if the affected person is the President of the Republic or the President-elect, the declaration referred to will require, also, the agreement of the Senate adopted by the majority of its members in office;
11. To report to the Senate in the cases to which Article 53, Numeral 7, of this Constitution, refers;
12. To resolve the conflicts of competence which arise between the political or administrative authorities and the tribunals of justice, which do not correspond to the Senate [to resolve];
13. To resolve concerning the constitutional or legal ineligibilities [inhabilidades] which affect a person [from] being appointed Minister of State, [from] remaining in that post, or [from] performing other functions simultaneously;
14. To decide concerning the ineligibilities, incompatibilities and grounds for cessation [of] the responsibilities of the parliamentarians;
15. To qualify the ineligibility invoked by a parliamentarian in the terms of the final paragraph of Article 60 and decide concerning the renunciation of the responsibilities, and
16. To resolve concerning the constitutionality of the supreme decrees, whatever the alleged defect may be, including those that may be issued in the exercise of the independent regulatory power of the President of the Republic, when they concern matters that may be reserved to the law by mandate of Article 63.
In the case of Numeral 1, the Chamber of origin will forward to the Constitutional Tribunal the respective Bill within the five days following the [day] on which it is totally processed by the Congress.3
… (Art. 93) - SpanishSon atribuciones del Tribunal Constitucional:
1º.- Ejercer el control de constitucionalidad de las leyes que interpreten algún precepto de la Constitución, de las leyes orgánicas constitucionales y de las normas de un tratado que versen sobre materias propias de estas últimas, antes de su promulgación;
2º.- Resolver sobre las cuestiones de constitucionalidad de los autos acordados dictados por la Corte Suprema, las Cortes de Apelaciones y el Tribunal Calificador de Elecciones;
3º.- Resolver las cuestiones sobre constitucionalidad que se susciten durante la tramitación de los proyectos de ley o de reforma constitucional y de los tratados sometidos a la aprobación del Congreso;
4º.- Resolver las cuestiones que se susciten sobre la constitucionalidad de un decreto con fuerza de ley;
5º.- Resolver las cuestiones que se susciten sobre constitucionalidad con relación a la convocatoria a un plebiscito, sin perjuicio de las atribuciones que correspondan al Tribunal Calificador de Elecciones;
6°.- Resolver, por la mayoría de sus miembros en ejercicio, la inaplicabilidad de un precepto legal cuya aplicación en cualquier gestión que se siga ante un tribunal ordinario o especial, resulte contraria a la Constitución;
7º.- Resolver por la mayoría de los cuatro quintos de sus integrantes en ejercicio, la inconstitucionalidad de un precepto legal declarado inaplicable en conformidad a lo dispuesto en el numeral anterior;
8º.- Resolver los reclamos en caso de que el Presidente de la República no promulgue una ley cuando deba hacerlo o promulgue un texto diverso del que constitucionalmente corresponda;
9º.- Resolver sobre la constitucionalidad de un decreto o resolución del Presidente de la República que la Contraloría General de la República haya representado por estimarlo inconstitucional, cuando sea requerido por el Presidente en conformidad al artículo 99;
10°.- Declarar la inconstitucionalidad de las organizaciones y de los movimientos o partidos políticos, como asimismo la responsabilidad de las personas que hubieran tenido participación en los hechos que motivaron la declaración de inconstitucionalidad, en conformidad a lo dispuesto en los párrafos sexto, séptimo y octavo del Nº 15º del artículo 19 de esta Constitución. Sin embargo, si la persona afectada fuera el Presidente de la República o el Presidente electo, la referida declaración requerirá, además, el acuerdo del Senado adoptado por la mayoría de sus miembros en ejercicio;
11º.- Informar al Senado en los casos a que se refiere el artículo 53 número 7) de esta Constitución;
12º.- Resolver las contiendas de competencia que se susciten entre las autoridades políticas o administrativas y los tribunales de justicia, que no correspondan al Senado;
13º.- Resolver sobre las inhabilidades constitucionales o legales que afecten a una persona para ser designada Ministro de Estado, permanecer en dicho cargo o desempeñar simultáneamente otras funciones;
14º.- Pronunciarse sobre las inhabilidades, incompatibilidades y causales de cesación en el cargo de los parlamentarios;
15º.- Calificar la inhabilidad invocada por un parlamentario en los términos del inciso final del artículo 60 y pronunciarse sobre su renuncia al cargo, y
16°.- Resolver sobre la constitucionalidad de los decretos supremos, cualquiera sea el vicio invocado, incluyendo aquellos que fueren dictados en el ejercicio de la potestad reglamentaria autónoma del Presidente de la República cuando se refieran a materias que pudieran estar reservadas a la ley por mandato del artículo 63.
En el caso del número 1º, la Cámara de origen enviará al Tribunal Constitucional el proyecto respectivo dentro de los cinco días siguientes a aquél en que quede totalmente tramitado por el Congreso.
... (Art. 93)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe law shall specify the competent judicial body for settling of disputes pertaining to the constitutionality of laws and regulations, define its powers and method of challenging and procedures to be followed before the said body. It shall also specify the consequences of judgment regarding unconstitutionality. (Art. 140)
- Arabicيعيّن القانون الجهة القضائية التي تختصّ بالفصل في المنازعات المتعلّقة بدستوريّة القوانين واللّوائح، ويبيّن صلاحياتها وكيفية الطّعن والإجراءات التي تتّبع أمامها، كما يبيّن القانون آثار الحكم بعدم الدستورية. (المادّة 140)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English…
(3) The Court of Appeal has jurisdiction, subject to this Constitution and to such requirements as prescribed by written law, to hear and determine appeals from all judgments of the High Court, and has such other jurisdiction as is conferred by written law.
(4) Appeals lie to the Court of Appeal as of right from a final judgment of the High Court in any manner arising under this Constitution or involving its interpretation.
… (Sec. 99) - iTaukei…
(3) Na Mataveilewai ni Rogokudru e tiko vua na kaukauwa, vakavo ke virikotori ena Yavunivakavulewa qo kei na veilawa tabaki tale e so, me rogoca ka vakatulewa ena lewa sa tauca na Mataveilewai e Cake ka tu vua na kaukauwa tale e so e vakadeitaki ena lawa tabaki.
(4) Na taro kece se vakavakadewa me baleta na Yavunivakavulewa qo e rawa ni dikeva tale na Mataveilewai ni Rogokudru ena gauna sa vakatulewa oti kina na Mataveilewai e Cake.
… (Sec. 99)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English...
2. The Constitutional Tribunal is competent:
a) To take cognizance of the recourses of unconstitutionality of the laws.
b) To take cognizance of the recourses of constitutional amparo against the provisions and acts which violate the rights and freedoms recognized in the Fundamental Law.
c) To proclaim the definitive results of the Presidential, Legislative, [and] Municipal Elections and the Operations of Referendum.
d) To declare the permanent physical or mental incapacity that constitute legal impediment to the fulfillment of the functions of the President of the Republic, of the Vice President of the Republic, of the President of the Chamber of the Deputies and of the President of the Senate.
e) To decide with binding character, concerning the constitutional leglity of the regulatory development of the institutional laws.
f) To take cognizance of the conflicts between the constitutional organs.
g) To take cognizance concerning the declaration of unconstitutionality of the international treaties.
h) [Of] the other matters that the laws attribute to it. (Art. 101) - Spanish...
2. Compete al Tribunal Constitucional:
a) Conocer de los recursos de inconstitucionalidad de las leyes.
b) Conocer de los recursos de amparo constitucional contra las disposiciones y actos que violen los derechos y libertades reconocidos en la Ley Fundamental.
c) Proclamar los resultados definitivos de las Elecciones Presidenciales, Legislativas, Municipales y las Operaciones de Referéndum.
d) Declarar la incapacidad física o mental permanente que constituye impedimento legal para el desempeño de las funciones del Presidente de la República, del Vice-Presidente de la República, del Presidente de la Cámara de los Diputados y del Presidente del Senado.
e) Dictaminar con carácter vinculante, sobre la legalidad constitucional del desarrollo reglamentario de las leyes institucionales.
f) Conocer de los conflictos entre los órganos constitucionales.
g) Conocer sobre la declaración de inconstitucionalidad de los tratados internacionales.
h) Las demás materias que le atribuyen las leyes. (Art. 101) - French...
2. Il appartient au Tribunal constitutionnel:
a) De connaître des demandes d'inconstitutionnalité des lois.
b) De connaître des pourvois fondés sur les droits constitutionnels formés contre les actes et dispositions portant atteinte aux droits et libertés reconnus par la Loi fondamentale.
c) De proclamer les résultats définitifs des élections présidentielles, législatives, municipales et des procédures de référendum.
d) De déclarer l'incapacité physique ou mentale permanente du Président de la République, du Vice-président de la République, du président de la Chambre des députés et du président du Sénat, les rendant juridiquement inaptes à l'exercice de leurs fonctions.
e) De rendre des avis obligatoires sur la constitutionnalité des règlements pris en application des lois organisant les institutions.
f) De connaître des conflits entre les organes constitués.
g) De connaître des déclarations d'inconstitutionnalité des traités internationaux.
h) De connaître des autres matières relevant de sa compétence en vertu des lois. (Art. 101)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishWhen a judge, by virtue of his/her office or at the request of a party, considers that a legal norm is contrary to the Constitution or to international human rights instruments that provide for rights that are more favorable than those enshrined in the Constitution, it shall suspend the case and refer it for consultation to the Constitutional Court, which within no more than forty-five (45) days shall rule on the constitutionality of the norm.
If the Court issues no ruling within the established time-limits, the affected party is entitled to file the corresponding complaint. (Art. 428) - SpanishCuando una jueza o juez, de oficio o a petición de parte, considere que una norma jurídica es contraria a la Constitución o a los instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos que establezcan derechos más favorables que los reconocidos en la Constitución, suspenderá la tramitación de la causa y remitirá en consulta el expediente a la Corte Constitucional, que en un plazo no mayor a cuarenta y cinco días, resolverá sobre la constitucionalidad de la norma.
Si transcurrido el plazo previsto la Corte no se pronuncia, el perjudicado podrá interponer la acción correspondiente. (Art. 428)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. The President of the Republic may request the Supreme Court of Justice to undertake an anticipatory review of the constitutionality of any statute submitted to him or her for promulgation.
… (Sec. 149) - Tetum1. Prezidente-Repúblika bele husu ba Tribunál Supremu Justisa nian atu halo apresiasaun preventivu kona-ba konstitusionalidade ba naran diploma ida-ne’ebé nia simu atu halo promulgasaun.
… (Art. 149) - Portuguese1. O Presidente da República pode requerer ao Supremo Tribunal de Justiça a apreciação preventiva da constitucionalidade de qualquer diploma que lhe tenha sido enviado para promulgação.
… (Art. 149)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
...
(2) Except for Part IX Land and Titles Court, an appeal shall lie to the Court of Appeal from any decision of the Supreme Court in any proceeding, if the Supreme Court certifies that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation or effect of any provision of this Constitution; and:
(a) where such a certificate is given or such leave granted, any party in the case may appeal to the Court of Appeal on the ground that any such question has been wrongly decided and, with the leave of that Court, on any other ground; or
(b) where the Supreme Court has refused to give such a certificate, the Court of Appeal may, if it is satisfied that the case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation or effect of any provision of this Constitution, grant special leave to appeal from that decision. (Art. 75) - Samoan
...
(2) Vagana mo le Vaega IX - Faamasinoga o Fanua ma Suafa, o le a faia o se talosaga i le Faamasinoga o Talosaga faasaga i so o se faaiuga a le Faamasinoga Sili i so o se taualumaga, pe afai e faamaonia e le Faamasinoga Sili e faapea o le mataupu e aafia ai se Vaega tele tau le Tulafono i le itu i le faamalamalamaina po o le faatinoina o so o se aiaiga o lenei Faavae; ma:
(a) i le itu ua tuuina mai o sea tusi faamaoni po o sea faatagaina e mafai e so o se itu faamasinoga i lea faamasinoga ona talosaga i le Faamasinoga o Talosaga i le mafuaaga e faapea, o sea mataupu sa faaiuina ma le sese ma, ina ua i ai ma le faatagaina o lena Faamasinoga ma luga o so o se tasi lava mafuaaga; po o
(b) pe a oo ina ua l8 talia e le Faamasinoga Sili le tuuina atu o sea tusi faamaoni, e mafai e le Faamasinoga o Talosaga, pe afai ua faamalieina o ia e faapea, o le mataupu o lo o aafia ai se vaega tele tau le Tulafono i le itu i le faamalamalamaina po o le faatinoina o so o se aiaiga o lenei Faavae, ona tuuina atu le faatagaina faapito ina ia talosaga ai faasaga i lena faaiuga. (Mataupu 75)