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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Jurisdiction and Access
Djibouti
- EnglishThe President of the Republic refers the Constitutional Council to a matter when he deems that a law is contrary to this Constitution. (Art. 35)
- Arabicيحيل رئيس الجمهورية المجلس الدستوري على مسألة عندما يعتبر أن القانون يتنافى مع هذا الدستور. (المادة 35)
- FrenchLe président de la République saisit le Conseil constitutionnel lorsqu'il estime qu'une loi est contraire à la présente Constitution. (Art. 35)
Jurisdiction and Access
Costa Rica
- EnglishAll persons have the right to the recourse of habeas corpus to guarantee their personal freedom and integrity, and to the recourse of amparo to maintain or reestablish the enjoyment of the other rights consecrated in this Constitution, as well as those of a fundamental character established in the international instruments concerning human rights, applicable in the Republic. Both recourses will be of the competence of the Chamber indicated in Article 10. (Art. 48)
- SpanishToda persona tiene derecho al recurso de hábeas corpus para garantizar su libertad e integridad personales, y al recurso de amparo para mantener o restablecer el goce de los otros derechos consagrados en esta Constitución, así como de los de carácter fundamental establecidos en los instrumentos internacionales sobre derechos humanos, aplicables en la República. Ambos recursos serán de competencia de la Sala indicada en el artículo 10. (Art. 48)
Jurisdiction and Access
Korea, Republic of
- English1. When the constitutionality of a law is at issue in a trial, the court shall request a decision of the Constitutional Court, and shall judge according to the decision thereof.
2. The Supreme Court shall have the power to make a final review of the constitutionality or legality of administrative decrees, regulations or actions, when their constitutionality or legality is at issue in a trial.
… (Art. 107) - Korean①법률이 헌법에 위반되는 여부가 재판의 전제가 된 경우에는 법원은 헌법재판소에 제청하여 그 심판에 의하여 재판한다.
②명령·규칙 또는 처분이 헌법이나 법률에 위반되는 여부가 재판의 전제가 된 경우에는 대법원은 이를 최종적으로 심사할 권한을 가진다.
… (제107조)
Jurisdiction and Access
Serbia
- EnglishA constitutional appeal may be lodged against individual general acts or actions performed by state bodies or organizations exercising delegated public powers which violate or deny human or minority rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution, if other legal remedies for their protection have already been applied or not specified. (Art. 170)
- Serbian CyrillicУставна жалба се може изјавити против појединачних аката или радњи државних органа или организација којима су поверена јавна овлашћења, а којима се повређују или ускраћују људска или мањинска права и слободе зајемчене Уставом, ако су исцрпљена или нису предвиђена друга правна средства за њихову заштиту. (Члан 170)
Jurisdiction and Access
Gabon
- EnglishAny justiciable [person] may, by way of a process before an ordinary tribunal, raise a pleadings [exception] of constitutionality against a law or an ordinance which affects recognition [méconnaîtrait] of their fundamental rights.
The presiding judge refers the Constitutional Court to [the matter] by way of prejudicial pleadings.
… (Art. 86) - FrenchTout justiciable peut, à l'occasion d'un procès devant un tribunal ordinaire, soulever une exception d'inconstitutionnalité à l’encontre d'une loi ou d'une ordonnance qui méconnaîtrait ses droits fondamentaux.
Le juge du siège saisit la Cour Constitutionnelle par voie d'exception préjudicielle.
… (Art. 86)
Jurisdiction and Access
Ecuador
- EnglishCitizens individually or collectively shall be entitled to file a special petition for protection against judgments, final writs or resolutions that have the force of sentencing. For ruling on the admissibility of this appeal, the court shall check compliance with the following requirements:
1. That the judgments, writs and resolutions are final and fully enforceable.
2. That the complainant shows that, in the judgment, there has been a breach, either by deed or omission, of due process of law or other rights enshrined in the Constitution. (Art. 437) - SpanishLos ciudadanos en forma individual o colectiva podrán presentar una acción extraordinaria de protección contra sentencias, autos definitivos y resoluciones con fuerza de sentencia. Para la admisión de este recurso la Corte constatará el cumplimiento de los siguientes requisitos:
1. Que se trate de sentencias, autos y resoluciones firmes o ejecutoriados.
2. Que el recurrente demuestre que en el juzgamiento se ha violado, por acción u omisión, el debido proceso u otros derechos reconocidos en la Constitución. (Art. 437)
Jurisdiction and Access
Myanmar
- EnglishIn hearing a case by a Court, if there arises a dispute whether the provisions contained in any law contradict or conform to the Constitution, and if no resolution has been made by the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union on the said dispute, the said Court shall stay the trial and submit its opinion to the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union in accord with the prescribed procedures and shall obtain a resolution. In respect of the said dispute, the resolution of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union shall be applied to all cases. (Sec. 323)
- Burmeseတရားရုံးတစ်ရုံးသည် အမှုတစ်မှုကို စစ်ဆေးစီရင်ရာတွင် ဥပဒေတစ်ရပ်ရပ်ပါ ပြဌာန်းချက်သည် ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေနှင့် ဆန့်ကျင်မှုရှိ- မရှိ၊ ညီညွတ်မှုရှိ- မရှိ အငြင်းပွားမှုပေါ်ပေါက်ပါက ထိုအငြင်းပွားမှုနှင့် စပ်လျဉ်း၍ နိုင်ငံတော်ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံ အခြေခံ ဥပဒေဆိုင်ရာခုံရုံးကလည်း တစ်စုံတစ်ရာ ဆုံးဖြတ်ချက် ချမှတ်ထားခြင်းမရှိသေးလျှင် အဆိုပါ တရားရုံးသည် အမှုစစ်ဆေးစီရင်ခြင်းကို ရပ်ဆိုင်းထားပြီး မိမိ၏ထင်မြင်ချက်ကို သတ်မှတ်ထားသည့် နည်းလမ်းများနှင့်အညီ နိုင်ငံတော်ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံ အခြေခံဥပဒေဆိုင်ရာ ခုံရုံးသို့တင်ပြ၍ အဆုံးအဖြတ်ရယူရမည်။ ယင်းအငြင်းမပွားမှုနှင့်စပ်လျဉ်း၍ နိုင်ငံတော်ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေဆိုင်ရာခုံရုံး၏ဆုံးဖြတ်ချက်သည် အမှုအားလုံးနှင့် သက်ဆိုင်စေရမည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၂၃)
Jurisdiction and Access
Switzerland
- English1 Access to the Federal Supreme Court is guaranteed by law.
2 For disputes that do not relate to a legal issue of fundamental importance, the law may stipulate a threshold for the amount in dispute.
3 The law may exclude access to the Federal Supreme Court in relation to specific matters.
4 The law may provide for a simplified procedure for appeals that are manifestly unfounded. (Art. 191) - French1 La loi garantit l’accès au Tribunal fédéral.
2 Elle peut prévoir une valeur litigieuse minimale pour les contestations qui ne portent pas sur une question juridique de principe.
3 Elle peut exclure l’accès au Tribunal fédéral dans des domaines déterminés.
4 Elle peut prévoir une procédure simplifiée pour les recours manifestement infondés. (Art. 191) - German1 Das Gesetz gewährleistet den Zugang zum Bundesgericht.
2 Für Streitigkeiten, die keine Rechtsfrage von grundsätzlicher Bedeutung betreffen, kann es eine Streitwertgrenze vorsehen.
3 Für bestimmte Sachgebiete kann das Gesetz den Zugang zum Bundesgericht ausschliessen.
4 Für offensichtlich unbegründete Beschwerden kann das Gesetz ein vereinfachtes Verfahren vorsehen. (Art. 191) - Italian1 La legge garantisce la possibilità di adire il Tribunale federale.
2 Può prevedere un valore litigioso minimo per le controversie che non concernono una questione giuridica d’importanza fondamentale.
3 In determinati settori speciali, la legge può escludere la possibilità di adire il Tribunale federale.
4 La legge può prevedere una procedura semplificata per ricorsi manifestamente infondati. (Art. 191)
Jurisdiction and Access
Kenya
- English...
(3) Subject to clause (5), the High Court shall have—
…
(d) jurisdiction to hear any question respecting the interpretation of this Constitution including the determination of—
(i) the question whether any law is inconsistent with or in contravention of this Constitution;
(ii) the question whether anything said to be done under the authority of this Constitution or of any law is inconsistent with, or in contravention of, this Constitution;
(iii) any matter relating to constitutional powers of State organs in respect of county governments and any matter relating to the constitutional relationship between the levels of government;
(iv) a question relating to conflict of laws under Article 191;
… (Art. 165) - Swahili...
(3) Kwa kuzingatia ibara ya (5), Mahakama Kuu itakuwa-
…
(d) mamlaka ya kusikiliza shauri lolote kuhusu ufafanuzi wa Katiba hii ikiwa ni pamoja na uamuzi wa-
(i) shauri kwamba iwapo sheria yoyote ipo kinyume au imevunja Katiba hii;
(ii) shauri kwamba iwapo kuna kitu chochote ambacho kimefanywa chini ya mamlaka ya Katiba hii au ya sheria yoyote kipo kinyume au kimevunja Katiba hii;
(iii) jambo lolote linalohusiana na nguvu ya kikatiba ya vyombo vya Serikali kuhusu serikali za kaunti na jambo lolote linalohusiana na uhusiano wa kikatiba kati ya ngazi za serikali;
(iv) shauri linalohusiana na mgongano wa sheria chini ya Kifungu cha 191;
… (Kifungu cha 165)
Jurisdiction and Access
Guyana
- English(1) An appeal to the Court of Appeal shall lie as of right from decisions of the High Court in the following cases, that is to say -
(a) final decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings on questions as to the interpretation of this Constitution; and
(b) final decisions given in exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on the High Court by article 153 (which relates to the enforcement of fundamental rights and freedoms).
(2) Nothing in paragraph (1) shall apply to the matters for which provision is made by article 163. (Art. 133)