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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English1. Land, which is by origin the property of the state, may be transferred to individuals or corporate bodies, with a view to its rational and full use, under the terms of the Constitution and the law.
2. Access to and use of land by local communities shall be recognised by law.
… (Art. 15) - Portuguese1. A terra, que constitui propriedade originária do Estado, pode ser transmitida para pessoas singulares ou colectivas, tendo em vista o seu racional e efectivo aproveitamento, nos termos da Constituição e da lei.
2. São reconhecidos às comunidades locais o acesso e o uso das terras, nos termos da lei.
… (Art. 15)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English1. Subject to clauses (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
3. In this Article the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable, wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, tribe, sex, place of origin, marital status, political opinions, colour or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
4. Clause (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision-
…
c. with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other matters of personal law;
… (Art. 23)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishI. The property in the Republic of Azerbaijan is inviolable and protected by the State.
II. The property can have the form of State property, private property and municipal property.
… (Art. 13) - AzerbaijaniI. Azərbaycan Respublikasında mülkiyyət toxunulmazdır və dövlət tərəfindən müdafiə olunur.
II. Mülkiyyət dövlət mülkiyyəti, xüsusi mülkiyyət və bələdiyyə mülkiyyəti növündə ola bilər.
... (Maddə 13)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe property shall be inviolable. Turkmenistan shall recognize the right to private ownership of the land, means of production, and other material and intellectual values. They may also belong to the associations of citizens and the state. The law shall establish the objects that shall be exclusive property of the state.
The state shall guarantee equal protection of all forms of ownership and create equal conditions for their development. … (Art. 12) - RussianСобственность неприкосновенна. Туркменистан признаёт право частной собственности на землю, средства производства, иные материальные и интеллектуальные ценности. Они могут принадлежать также объединениям граждан и государству. Законом устанавливаются объекты, являющиеся исключительной собственностью государства.
Государство гарантирует равную защиту всех форм собственности и создаёт равные условия для их развития. … (Статья 12) - TurkmenEýeçilik eldegrilmesizdir. Türkmenistan ýere, önümçilik serişdelerine, gaýry maddy we intellektual gymmatlyklara hususy eýeçilik hukugyny ykrar edýär. Şeýle hem olar raýatlaryň birleşiklerine we döwlete degişli bolup biler. Döwletiň aýratyn eýeçiligi bolup durýan obýektler kanun bilen bellenýär.
Döwlet eýeçiligiň ähli görnüşleriniň deň goragyny kepillendirýär we olaryň ösmegi üçin deň şertleri döredýär. … (12-njy madda)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English…
(19) Ownership shall mean the right guaranteed to every person by law to use, enjoy and dispose of property.
… (Preamble) - French…
(19) La propriété est le droit d’user, de jouir et de disposer des biens garantis à chacun par la loi.
… (Préambule)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishProperty may not be violated, and no inhabitant of the Nation can be deprived of it except by virtue of a sentence based on law. … (Sec. 17)
- SpanishLa propiedad es inviolable, y ningún habitante de la Nación puede ser privado de ella, sino en virtud de sentencia fundada en ley. … (Art. 17)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
The State shall guarantee everyone the right to property and shall facilitate its acquisition.
The owner has the right to own, use and dispose of property both individually and jointly with others. The inviolability of property and the right to inherit it shall be protected by law.
Legally acquired property is protected by the state.
… (Art. 44) - Belarusian
Дзяржава гарантуе кожнаму права ўласнасці і садзейнічае яе набыццю.
Уласнік мае права валодаць, карыстацца і распараджацца маёмасцю як аднаасобна, так і сумесна з іншымі асобамі. Недатыкальнасць уласнасці, права яе атрымання ў спадчыну ахоўваюцца законам.
Уласнасць, набытая законным спосабам, абараняецца дзяржавай.
… (Артыкул 44) - Russian
Государство гарантирует каждому право собственности и содействует ее приобретению.
Собственник имеет право владеть, пользоваться и распоряжаться имуществом как единолично, так и совместно с другими лицами. Неприкосновенность собственности, право ее наследования охраняются законом.
Собственность, приобретенная законным способом, защищается государством.
... (Статья 44)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishPrivate property is sacred.
The State guarantees the right to individual or collective property, acquired in conformity to the law or to custom.
… (Art. 34) - FrenchLa propriété privée est sacrée.
L’Etat garantit le droit à la propriété individuelle ou collective acquis conformément à la loi ou à la coutume.
… (Art. 34)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishLatifundio and double title are prohibited because they are contrary to the collective interest and development of the country. Latifundio is understood to mean the non-productive holding of land; the land that does not fulfill a social economic function; the exploitation of land that applies a system of servitude, quasi-slavery and slavery in labor relations; or the property that surpasses the maximum surface area established in the law. In no case may the maximum surface exceed five thousand hectares. (Art. 398)
- SpanishSe prohíbe el latifundio y la doble titulación por ser contrarios al interés colectivo y al desarrollo del país. Se entiende por latifundio la tenencia improductiva de la tierra; la tierra que no cumpla la función económica social; la explotación de la tierra que aplica un sistema de servidumbre, semiesclavitud o esclavitud en la relación laboral o la propiedad que sobrepasa la superficie máxima zonificada establecida en la ley. La superficie máxima en ningún caso podrá exceder de cinco mil hectáreas. (Art. 398)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(1) Everyone shall have the right to property and inheritance. ...
… (Freedom and Responsibility, Art. XIII) - Hungarian(1) Mindenkinek joga van a tulajdonhoz és az örökléshez. ...
… (Szabadság és Felelősség, XIII. cikk)