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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
…
Sovereignty is exercised in accordance with this Constitution which is the Supreme Law of the State.
Any law, any regulatory text and any administrative act contrary to these provisions is null and void. Consequently, any citizen has the right to present himself before the Constitutional Court against the laws, texts and acts presumed unconstitutional. (Art. 3) - French
…
La souveraineté s'exerce conformément à la présente Constitution qui est la Loi Suprême de l'Etat.
Toute loi, tout texte réglementaire et tout acte administratif contraires à ces dispositions sont nuls et non avenus. En conséquence, tout citoyen a le droit de se pourvoir devant la Cour constitutionnelle contre les lois, textes et actes présumés inconstitutionnels. (Art. 3)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. Appropriate principles of interpretation of this Constitution shall be developed and employed by the courts to reflect the unique character and supreme status of this Constitution.
2. In interpreting the provisions of this Constitution a court of law shall—
a. promote the values which underlie an open and democratic society;
b. take full account of the provisions of Chapter III and Chapter IV2; and
c. where applicable, have regard to current norms of public international law and comparable foreign case law.
3. Where a court of law declares an act of executive or a law to be invalid, that court may apply such interpretation of that act or law as is consistent with this Constitution.
4. Any law that ousts or purports to oust the jurisdiction of the courts to entertain matters pertaining to this Constitution shall be invalid. (Sec. 11)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishWhen the Executive Authority vetoes a bill as unconstitutional and the National Assembly by majority vote insists that it be adopted, the bill shall be sent to the Supreme Court for a decision on its constitutionality. If the Supreme Court's judgment declares the bill constitutional, the Executive Authority is obliged to approve it and have it promulgated. (Art. 171)
- SpanishCuando el Ejecutivo objetare un proyecto por inexequible y la Asamblea Nacional, por la mayoría expresada, insistiere en su adopción, aquél lo pasará a la Corte Suprema de Justicia para que decida sobre su inconstitucionalidad. El fallo de la Corte que declare el proyecto constitucional, obliga al Ejecutivo a sancionarlo y hacerlo promulgar. (Art. 171)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) The Constitutional Court has jurisdiction:
a) to annul statutes or individual provisions thereof if they are in conflicts with the constitutional order;
b) to annul other legal enactments or individual provisions thereof if they are in conflict with the constitutional order or a statute;
c) over constitutional complaints by the representative body of a self-governing region against an unlawful encroachment by the state;
d) over constitutional complaints against final decisions or other encroachments by public authorities infringing constitutionally guaranteed fundamental rights and basic freedoms;
e) over remedial actions from decisions concerning the certification of the election of a deputy or senator;
f) to resolve doubts concerning a deputy or senator’s loss of eligibility to hold office or the incompatibility under Article 25 of some other position or activity with holding the office of deputy or senator;
g) over a constitutional charge brought by the Senate against the president of the republic pursuant to Article 65, paragraph 2;
h) to decide on a petition by the president of the republic seeking the revocation of a joint resolution of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate pursuant to Article 66;
i) to decide on the measures necessary to implement a decision of an international tribunal which is binding on the Czech Republic, in the event that it cannot be otherwise implemented;
j) to determine whether a decision to dissolve a political party or other decision relating to the activities of a political party is in conformity with constitutional acts or other laws;
k) to decide jurisdictional disputes between state bodies and bodies of self-governing regions, unless that power is given by statute to another body.
(2) Prior to the ratification of a treaty under Article 10a or Article 49, the Constitutional Court shall further have jurisdiction to decide concerning the treaty’s conformity with the constitutional order. A treaty may not be ratified prior to the Constitutional Court giving judgment.
(3) A statute may provide that, in place of the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Administrative Court shall have jurisdiction:
a) to annul legal enactments other than statutes or individual provisions thereof if they are inconsistent with a statute;
b) to decide jurisdictional disputes between state bodies and bodies of self-governing regions, unless that power is given by statute to another body. (1993 Constitution, Art. 87) - Czech(1) Ústavní soud rozhoduje
a) o zrušení zákonů nebo jejich jednotlivých ustanovení, jsou-li v rozporu s ústavním pořádkem,
b) o zrušení jiných právních předpisů nebo jejich jednotlivých ustanovení, jsou-li v rozporu s ústavním pořádkem nebo zákonem,
c) o ústavní stížnosti orgánů územní samosprávy proti nezákonnému zásahu státu,
d) o ústavní stížnosti proti pravomocnému rozhodnutí a jinému zásahu orgánů veřejné moci do ústavně zaručených základních práv a svobod,
e) o opravném prostředku proti rozhodnutí ve věci ověření volby poslance nebo senátora,
f) v pochybnostech o ztrátě volitelnosti a o neslučitelnosti výkonu funkcí poslance nebo senátora podle čl. 25,
g) o ústavní žalobě Senátu proti prezidentu republiky podle čl. 65 odst. 2,
h) o návrhu prezidenta republiky na zrušení usnesení Poslanecké sněmovny a Senátu podle čl. 66,
i) o opatřeních nezbytných k provedení rozhodnutí mezinárodního soudu, které je pro Českou republiku závazné, pokud je nelze provést jinak,
j) o tom, zda rozhodnutí o rozpuštění politické strany nebo jiné rozhodnutí týkající se činnosti politické strany je ve shodě s ústavními nebo jinými zákony,
k) spory o rozsah kompetencí státních orgánů a orgánů územní samosprávy, nepřísluší-li podle zákona jinému orgánu.
(2) Ústavní soud dále rozhoduje o souladu mezinárodní smlouvy podle čl. 10a a čl. 49 s ústavním pořádkem, a to před její ratifikací. Do rozhodnutí Ústavního soudu nemůže být smlouva ratifikována.
(3) Zákon může stanovit, že namísto Ústavního soudu rozhoduje Nejvyšší správní soud
a) o zrušení právních předpisů nebo jejich jednotlivých ustanovení, jsou-li v rozporu se zákonem,
b) spory o rozsah kompetencí státních orgánů a orgánů územní samosprávy, nepřísluší-li podle zákona jinému orgánu. (Ústava 1993, Čl. 87)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court is competent to:
– decide on the constitutionality of the laws and of the regulatory acts taken in the matters other than those arising within the domain of the law;
– assure the respect for this Constitution including the Charte des Droits fundamentaux [Charter of Fundamental Rights], by the organs of the State, [and] the other institutions;
– interpret the Constitution, at the demand of the President of the Republic, of the President of the National Assembly, of the President of the Senate, of one-quarter of the Deputies or of one-quarter of the Senators;
– decide on the regularity of the presidential elections, legislative [elections] and of the referenda and to proclaim the definitive results of them;
– receive the oath of the President of the Republic, of the Vice President of the Republic, of the Prime Minister and of the other Ministers before their entry into [their] functions;
– declare the vacancy of the post of President of the Republic.
– declare the vacancy of the seats of the parliamentarians.
The organic laws before their promulgation, the international treaties before submitting them to the vote of the Assemblies, the internal regulations of the National Assembly and of the Senate before their application, are submitted obligatory to the control of constitutionality. (Art. 234) - KirundiSentare yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro ifise ububasha bukurikira :
- kwihweza ko amabwirizwa n’amategeko ashingwa mu bidasanzwe biringanizwa n’ibwirizwa adaciye kubiri n’Ibwirizwa Shingiro ;
- gucungera ko iri bwirizwa shingiro harimwo n’amasezerano yerekeye amateka ngenderwako y’ikiremwa muntu yubahirizwa n’abantu, inzego za Reta, hamwe n’izindi nzego ;
- gutanga insiguro y’Ibwirizwa Shingiro, bisabwe n’Umukuru w’Igihugu, Umukuru w’Inama Nshingamateka, Umukuru w’Inama Nkenguzamateka, ica kane c’abashingamateka canke ica kane c’abakenguzamateka ;
- kwihweza ko amatora y’Umukuru w’Igihugu, y’abashingamateka n’abakenguzamateka n’ayo gusaba ebenegihugu ngo bemeze canke bahakane ikinaka vyaranguwe hakwirikijwe amategeko n’ugutangaza ivyavuye mu matora ;
- kwakira indahiro y’Umukuru w’Igihugu, iy’Icegera c’Umukuru w’Igihugu, iy’Umushikiranganji wa Mbere n’iz’abandi bashikiranganji imbere y’uko batangura kurangura amabanga bajejwe;
- kwemeza ko igihugu kitagifise umukuru w’Igihugu;
- Kwemeza ko intebe z’abashingamateka n’abakenguzamateka zigaragara.
Amabwirizwa yunganira Ibwirizwa Shingiro imbere y’uko atangazwa, amasezerano mpuzamakungu imbere yuko ashikirizwa Inama Nshingamateka n’Inama Nkenguzamateka ngo ziyemeze, amategeko ntunganyabikorwa atomora ingene Inama Nshingamateka n’ingene Inama Nkenguzamateka zitunganiriza imirimo yazo, ategerezwa gusuzumwa na Sentare yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro imbere y’uko atangazwa. (Ingingo ya 234) - FrenchLa Cour Constitutionnelle est compétente pour :
- statuer sur la constitutionnalité des lois et des actes réglementaires pris dans les matières autres que celle relevant du domaine de la loi ;
- assurer le respect de la présente Constitution y compris la Charte des Droits fondamentaux, par les organes de l’Etat, les autres institutions ;
- interpréter la Constitution, à la demande du Président de la République, du Président de l’Assemblée Nationale, du Président du Sénat, d’un quart des députés ou d’un quart des sénateurs ;
- statuer sur la régularité des élections présidentielles et législatives et des référendums et en proclamer les résultats définitifs ;
- recevoir le serment du Président de la République, du Vice-Président de la République, du Premier Ministre et des autres Ministres avant leur entrée en fonctions ;
- constater la vacance du poste de Président de la République ;
- constater la vacance des sièges des parlementaires.
Les lois organiques avant leur promulgation, les traités internationaux avant de les soumettre au vote des Assemblées, les règlements intérieurs de l’Assemblée Nationale et du Sénat avant leur mise en application, sont soumis obligatoirement au contrôle de constitutionnalité. (Art. 234)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishIf the Chancellor of Justice finds that a legislative instrument passed by the legislative or executive branch of government or by a local authority is in conflict with the Constitution or a law, he or she makes a proposal to the body which passed the instrument to bring it into conformity with the Constitution or the law within twenty days. If the instrument is not brought into conformity with the Constitution or the law within twenty days, the Chancellor of Justice refers the matter to the Supreme Court who may declare the instrument invalid. (Sec. 142)
- EstonianKui õiguskantsler leiab, et seadusandliku või täidesaatva riigivõimu või kohaliku omavalitsuse õigustloov akt on põhiseaduse või seadusega vastuolus, teeb ta akti vastuvõtnud organile ettepaneku viia see kahekümne päeva jooksul põhiseaduse või seadusega kooskõlla.
Kui akt ei ole kahekümne päeva jooksul põhiseaduse või seadusega kooskõlla viidud, teeb õiguskantsler Riigikohtule ettepaneku tunnistada see akt kehtetuks. (§ 142)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. The Constitutional Court shall be the court that has the power, specifically, to administer Justice in matters of a legal and constitutional nature, particularly with respect to:
a) Review of the constitutionality and legality, under the terms of the Constitution;
b) Verification of death and declaration of disability, of impediment or of loss of office of the President of the Republic;
c) Jurisdiction on matters of elections and political party organizations, under the terms of the law;
d) Resolution of conflicts of jurisdiction, under the terms of the law;
e) Writs of amparo.
… (Art. 215) - Portuguese1. O Tribunal Constitucional é o tribunal ao qual compete, especificamente, administrar a Justiça em matérias de natureza jurídicoconstitucional, designadamente, no que se refere a:
a) Fiscalização da constitucionalidade e legalidade, nos termos da Constituição;
b) Verificação da morte e declaração de incapacidade, de impedimento ou de perda de cargo do Presidente da República;
c) Jurisdição em matéria de eleições e de organizações político-partidárias, nos termos da lei;
d) Resolução de conflitos de jurisdição, nos termos da lei;
e) Recurso de amparo.
… (Art. 215)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English...
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate upon all civil disputes and criminal prosecutions, including cases which involve the interpretation, implementation and upholding of this Constitution and the fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed thereunder. The High Court shall also have jurisdiction to hear and adjudicate upon appeals from Lower Courts.
(3) The jurisdiction of the High Court with regard to appeals shall be determined by Act of Parliament. (Art. 80)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. There shall be a Constitutional Court which is an independent body composed of a President, Vice-President and three members, who -as well as the three deputy members -shall be appointed for a period of five years at the recommendation of the National Assembly.
2. The tasks of the Constitutional Court shall be:
a. to verify the purport of Acts or parts thereof against the Constitution, and against applicable agreements concluded with other states and with international organization;
b. to assess the consistency of decisions of government institutions with one or more of the constitutional rights mentioned in Chapter V3.
… (Art. 144) - Dutch1. Er is een Constitutioneel Hof, zijnde een onafhankelijk orgaan, dat gevormd wordt door de voorzitter, de vice-voorzitter en drie leden, die – evenals de drie plaatsvervangende leden – voor een periode van vijf jaren op voordracht van De Nationale Assemblée door de President worden benoemd.
2. Het Constitutioneel Hof heeft tot taak:
a. het toetsen van de inhoud van wetten of gedeelten daarvan aan de Grondwet en aan van toepassing zijnde overeenkomsten met andere mogendheden en met volkenrechtelijke organisaties;
b. Het beoordelen van de verenigbaarheid van besluiten van overheidsorganen met één of meer der in Hoofdstuk V genoemde grondrechten.
... (Art. 144)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1) A Constitutional Court shall be established by way of a specific law as a court of public law to protect the rights guaranteed by the Constitution, to decide in conflicts of jurisdiction between the Courts and the administrative authorities, and to act as a disciplinary court for the Ministers.
2) The Constitutional Court shall also have jurisdiction to review the constitutionality of laws and international treaties and the legality of Government ordinances; in such matters, it may declare their annulment. Finally, it shall also act as an electoral tribunal. (Art. 104) - German1) Im Wege eines besonderen Gesetzes ist ein Staatsgerichtshof als Gerichtshof des öffentlichen Rechtes zum Schutze der verfassungsmässig gewährleisteten Rechte, zur Entscheidung von Kompetenzkonflikten zwischen den Gerichten und den Verwaltungsbehörden und als Disziplinargerichtshof für die Mitglieder der Regierung zu errichten.
2) In seine Kompetenz fallen weiter die Prüfung der Verfassungsmässigkeit von Gesetzen und Staatsverträgen sowie der Gesetzmässigkeit der Regierungsverordnungen; in diesen Angelegenheiten urteilt er kassatorisch. Endlich fungiert er auch als Wahlgerichtshof. (Art. 104)