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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English
The Constitutional Court, at the demand of the President of the Republic or of any member of the National Assembly, decides on the constitutionality of the laws before their promulgation.
It decides[,] of office[,] on the constitutionality of the laws and any regulatory texts which would infringe the fundamental rights of the human person and the public freedoms. It decides more generally on the violations of the rights of the human person and its decision must intervene within a time period of eight days. (Art. 121) - French
La Cour constitutionnelle, à la demande du président de la République ou de tout membre de l'Assemblée nationale, se prononce sur la constitutionnalité des lois avant leur promulgation.
Elle se prononce d'office sur la constitutionnalité des lois et de tout texte réglementaire censés porter atteinte aux droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine et aux libertés publiques. Elle statue plus généralement sur les violations des droits de la personne humaine et sa décision doit intervenir dans un délai de huit jours. (Art. 121)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe special proceedings for protection shall be admissible against those rulings or definitive judgments where there has been a violation, by deed or omission, of the rights enshrined in the Constitution, and they shall be filed with the Constitutional Court. This appeal shall be admissible when regular and special appeals have been exhausted within the legal framework, unless the failure to file these resources was not attributable to the negligence of the person bearing the constitutional right that was infringed. (Art. 94)
- SpanishLa acción extraordinaria de protección procederá contra sentencias o autos definitivos en los que se haya violado por acción u omisión derechos reconocidos en la Constitución, y se interpondrá ante la Corte Constitucional. El recurso procederá cuando se hayan agotado los recursos ordinarios y extraordinarios dentro del término legal, a menos que la falta de interposición de estos recursos no fuera atribuible a la negligencia de la persona titular del derecho constitucional vulnerado. (Art. 94)
Judicial Protection
- English1. Access to courts is guaranteed to all for the defence of their legally protected rights and interests.
… (Sec. 26) - Tetum1. Ema hotu-hotu iha direitu atu bá tribunál hodi defende sira-nia direitu no interese sira-ne’ebé lei fó protesaun ba.
… (Art. 26) - Portuguese1. A todos é assegurado o acesso aos tribunais para defesa dos seus direitos e interesses legalmente protegidos.
… (Art. 26)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe provisions of law which concern the fundamental rights recognized to any person by the Constitution, may be submitted to the Constitutional Council by way of pleadings if it involves an instance in course before a jurisdiction.
… (Art. 80) - Arabicيجوز تقديم أحكام القانون التي تتعلق بالحقوق الأساسية المعترف بها لأي شخص بموجب الدستور ، إلى المجلس الدستوري عن طريق المرافعات إذا كانت تنطوي على حالة بالطبع أمام ولاية قضائية
... (المادة 80) - FrenchLes dispositions de la loi qui concernent les droits fondamentaux reconnus à toute personne par la Constitution peuvent être soumises au Conseil constitutionnel par voie d'exception à l'occasion d'une instance en cours devant une juridiction.
… (Art. 80)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishAny violation of the provisions on individual liberty are arbitrary acts. Injured parties may, without prior authorization, appeal to the competent courts, to bring suit against the authors and perpetrators of these arbitrary acts, regardless of their rank or the body to which they belong. (Art. 27)
- FrenchToutes violations des dispositions relatives à la liberté individuelle sont des actes arbitraires. Les personnes lésées peuvent, sans autorisation préalable, se référer aux tribunaux compétents pour poursuivre les auteurs et les exécuteurs de ces actes arbitraires quelles que soient leurs qualités et à quelque corps qu'ils appartiennent. (Art. 27)
Judicial Protection
- English
Everyone shall be guaranteed protection of his or her rights and freedoms by a competent, independent and impartial court in the manner and within the time limits prescribed by law. Decisions and actions (inaction) of state bodies and officials that infringe rights and freedoms may be appealed in court.
In order to protect their rights, freedoms, honour and dignity, citizens are entitled by law to recover in court both pecuniary damage and material compensation for moral damage. (Art. 60) - Belarusian
Кожнаму гарантуецца абарона яго правоў і свабод кампетэнтным, незалежным і бесстароннім судом у парадку і тэрміны, вызначаныя законам. Рашэнні і дзеянні (бяздзеянне) дзяржаўных органаў і службовых асоб, якія ўшчамляюць правы і свабоды, могуць быць абскарджаны ў суд.
З мэтай абароны правоў, свабод, гонару і годнасці грамадзяне ў адпаведнасці з законам маюць права спагнаць у судовым парадку як маёмасную шкоду, так і матэрыяльнае кампенсаванне маральнай шкоды. (Артыкул 60) - Russian
Каждому гарантируется защита его прав и свобод компетентным, независимым и беспристрастным судом в порядке и сроки, определенные законом. Решения и действия (бездействие) государственных органов и должностных лиц, ущемляющие права и свободы, могут быть обжалованы в суд.
С целью защиты прав, свобод, чести и достоинства граждане в соответствии с законом вправе взыскать в судебном порядке как имущественный вред, так и материальное возмещение морального вреда. (Статья 60)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) The fundamental human rights and freedoms enshrined in this Chapter5 shall be respected and upheld by the Executive, Legislature and Judiciary and all other organs of government and its agencies and, where applicable to them, by all natural and legal persons in Ghana, and shall be enforceable by the Courts as provided for in this Constitution.
… (Art. 12)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishAll citizens have the right of access to judicial bodies to seek redress for violations of their constitutionally or legally recognized rights, and justice cannot be denied on the lack of economic means. (Art. 32)
- PortugueseTodo o cidadão tem o direito de recorrer aos órgãos jurisdicionais contra os actos que violem os seus direitos reconhecidos pela Constituição e pela lei, não podendo a justiça ser denegada por insuficiência de meios económicos. (Art. 32)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) If any person alleges that any of the provisions of sections 3 to 17 (inclusive) has been, is being or is likely to be contravened in relation to him or her (or, in the case of a person who is detained, if any other person alleges such a contravention in relation to the detained person), then, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter that is lawfully available, that person (or that other person) may apply to the High Court for redress.
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction
(a) to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of subsection (1); and
(b) to determine any question arising in the case of any person that is referred to it in pursuance of subsection (3) and may make such declarations and orders, issue such writs and give such directions as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of sections 3 to 17 (inclusive): Provided that the High Court may decline to exercise its powers under this subsection if it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the contravention alleged are or have been available to the person concerned under any other law.
(3) If in any proceedings in any court (other than the Court of Appeal or the High Court or a court martial) any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of sections 3 to 17 (inclusive); the person presiding in that court may and, if any party to the proceedings so requests, shall refer the question to the High Court unless, in his or her opinion, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
(4) Where any question is referred to the High Court in pursuance of subsection (3), the High Court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision or, if that decision is the subject of an appeal to the Court of Appeal or to Her Majesty in Council, in accordance with the decision of the Court of Appeal or, as the case may be, of Her Majesty in Council.
(5) The High Court shall have such powers in addition to those conferred by this section as may be conferred upon it by the legislature for the purpose of enabling it more effectively to exercise the jurisdiction conferred upon it by this section.
(6) The Chief Justice may make rules with respect to the practice and procedure of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction and powers conferred on it by or under this section (including rules with respect to the time within which applications may be brought and references shall be made to the High Court). (Sec. 18)
Judicial Protection
- English
Judicial protection of legitimate interests and rights against acts of the civil service before bodies of ordinary or administrative justice shall always be permitted.
Such judicial protection may not be excluded or limited to particular kinds of appeal or to particular categories of acts.
The law shall determine which judicial bodies shall be empowered to annul acts of the civil service in the cases and with the consequences provided for by the law itself. (Art. 113) - Italian
Contro gli atti della pubblica amministrazione è sempre ammessa la tutela giurisdizionale dei diritti e degli interessi legittimi dinanzi agli organi di giurisdizione ordinaria o amministrativa.
Tale tutela giurisdizionale non può essere esclusa o limitata a particolari mezzi di impugnazione o per determinate categorie di atti.
La legge determina quali organi di giurisdizione possono annullare gli atti della pubblica amministrazione nei casi e con gli effetti previsti dalla legge stessa. (Art. 113)