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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Head of State
- EnglishThere shall be a President of the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, who shall be Head of State, the supreme executive authority, and Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces of the Republic. (Art. 89)
Head of State
- English…
The governmental powers are exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government, the members of which shall have the confidence of the Parliament.
… (Sec. 3) - Finnish…
Hallitusvaltaa käyttävät tasavallan presidentti sekä valtioneuvosto, jonka jäsenten tulee nauttia eduskunnan luottamusta.
… (3 §) - Swedish…
Regeringsmakten utövas av republikens president samt statsrådet, vars medlemmar skall ha riksdagens förtroende.
… (3 §)
Head of State
- EnglishThere shall be a President of the Republic who shall be Head of State and Government and the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Force of Malawi. (Sec. 78)
Head of State
- EnglishTo be President it is required:
I. To be [a] Mexican citizen by birth, in full enjoyment of their rights, [a] child of Mexican father or mother and to have resided in the country for at least twenty years.
II. To be [tener] 35 years of age at the time of the election;
III. To have resided in the country during all of the year prior to the day of the election. The absence [ausencia] from the country for up to thirty days, does not interrupt residency.
IV. To not possess ecclesiastical status or be a minister of any belief [culto].
... (Art. 82) - SpanishPara ser Presidente se requiere:
I. Ser ciudadano mexicano por nacimiento, en pleno goce de sus derechos, hijo de padre o madre mexicanos y haber residido en el país al menos durante veinte años.
II. Tener 35 años cumplidos al tiempo de la elección;
III. Haber residido en el país durante todo el año anterior al día de la elección. La ausencia del país hasta por treinta días, no interrumpe la residencia.
IV. No pertenecer al estado eclesiástico ni ser ministro de algún culto.
... (Art. 82)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic is the Head of the State and a symbol of the unity of the country and represents the sovereignty of the country. He shall guarantee the commitment to the Constitution and the preservation of Iraq's independence, sovereignty, unity, and the safety of its territories, in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution. (Art. 67)
- Arabicرئيس الجمهورية هو رئيس الدولة ورمز وحدة الوطن يمثل سيادة البلاد، و يسهر على ضمان الالتزام بالدستور، والمحافظة على استقلال العراق، وسيادته، ووحدته، وسلامة اراضيه، وفقاً لاحكام الدستور. (المادة 67)
Head of State
- English
The President of the Republic shall be elected by Parliament in joint session of its members.
Three delegates from each Region, as shall have been elected by their respective Regional Councils so as to ensure the representation of the opposition, shall participate in the election. Valle d’Aosta shall have one delegate.
The President of the Republic shall be elected by secret ballot by a majority of two thirds of the assembly. After the third ballot an absolute majority shall suffice. (Art. 83) - Italian
Il Presidente della Repubblica è eletto dal Parlamento in seduta comune dei suoi membri.
All’elezione partecipano tre delegati per ogni Regione eletti dal Consiglio regionale in modo che sia assicurata la rappresentanza delle minoranze. La Valle d’Aosta ha un solo delegato.
L’elezione del Presidente della Repubblica ha luogo per scrutinio segreto a maggioranza di due terzi dell’assemblea. Dopo il terzo scrutinio è sufficiente la maggioranza assoluta. (Art. 83)
Head of State
- English1. The President of the Republic shall be elected through direct, universal, equal and periodic suffrage and by personal and secret ballot.
2. All Mozambican citizens may be candidates for the office of President of the Republic, provided that they meet all of the following conditions:
a. that they possess nationality by origin and do not possess any other nationality;
b. that they are at least thirty-five years of age;
c. that they are in full possession of their civil and political rights;
d. that they have been proposed by at least ten thousand voters.
… (Art. 146) - Portuguese1. O Presidente da República é eleito por sufrágio universal directo, igual, secreto, pessoal e periódico.
2. Podem ser candidatos a Presidente da República os cidadãos moçambicanos que cumulativamente:
a) tenham a nacionalidade originária e não possuam outra nacionalidade;
b) possuam a idade mínima de trinta e cinco anos;
c) estejam no pleno gozo dos direitos civis e políticos;
d) tenham sido propostos por um mínimo de dez mil eleitores.
… (Art. 146)
Head of State
- EnglishThere shall be a Governor-General of Saint Vincent who shall be appointed by Her Majesty and shall hold office during Her Majesty's pleasure and who shall be Her Majesty's representative in Saint Vincent. (Sec. 19)
Head of State
- EnglishKuwait is a hereditary Amirate held in succession in the descendants of the Mubarak Al Sabah.
The Heir Apparent shall be appointed within a period not exceeding one year from the date of the Amir's investiture, and his appointment shall follow his nomination by the Amir and the swearing of fealty to him by a consenting majority of the members composing the National Assembly sitting in special session.
Where the appointment does not proceed as indicated above, the Amir shall nominate at least three of the above-mentioned lineage to the heirdom and the Assembly shall swear fealty to one of them as Heir Apparent.
To qualify, the Heir Apparent must have attained the age of majority, must be endowed with reason and must be a legitimate son of Muslim parents.
All of the provisions governing the succession to the Principality shall be set out in a special Ordinance to be promulgated within one year from the coming into force of this Constitution. This special Ordinance shall have force of constitutional law and may not therefore be amended save in the manner prescribed for the amendment of the Constitution itself. (Art. 4) - Arabicالكويت إمارة وراثية في ذرية المغفور له مبارك الصباح.
ويعين ولي العهد خلال سنة على الأكثر من تولية الأمير، ويكون تعيينه بأمر أميري بناء على تزكية الأمير ومبايعة من مجلس الأمة تتم في جلسة خاصة، بموافقة أغلبية الأعضاء الذين يتألف منهم المجلس.
وفي حالة عدم التعيين على النحو السابق يزكي الأمير لولاية العهد ثلاثة على الأقل من الذرية المذكورة فيبايع المجلس أحدهم ولياً للعهد.
ويشترط في ولي العهد أن يكون رشيداً عاقلاً وابناً شرعياً لأبوين مسلمين.
وينظم سائر الأحكام الخاصة بتوارث الإمارة قانون خاص يصدر في خلال سنة من تاريخ العمل بهذا الدستور، وتكون له صفة دستورية، فلا يجوز تعديله إلا بالطريقة المقررة لتعديل الدستور. (المادّة 4)
Head of State
- English
(1) The President of the Republic of Moldova shall be the Head of the State.
… (Art. 77) - Moldovian
(1) Preşedintele Republicii Moldova este şeful statului.
… (Art. 77)