SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
ABOUT 13185 RESULTS
Customary Law
Malaysia
- English…
(3) The Attorney General shall have power, exercisable at his discretion, to institute, conduct or discontinue any proceedings for an offence, other than proceedings before a Syariah court, a native court or a court-martial.
… (Art. 145) - Malay…
(3) Peguam Negara hendaklah mempunyai kuasa yang boleh dijalankan menurut budi bicaranya, untuk memulakan, menjalankan atau memberhentikan apa-apa prosiding bagi sesuatu kesalahan, selain prosiding di hadapan mahkamah Syariah, mahkamah anak negeri atau mahkamah tentera.
… (Perkara 145)
Customary Law
Saint Lucia
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of subsections (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
…
(3) In this section, the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by sex, race, place of origin, political opinions, colour or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision—
…
(c) for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) (or of persons connected with such persons), of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters which is the personal law of persons of that description;
… (Sec. 13)
Customary Law
Lesotho
- English1. The twenty-two offices of Principal Chief set out in Schedule 2 to this Constitution and the other offices of Chief recognised under the law in force immediately before the commencement of this Constitution shall continue to exist.
2. Parliament may make provision for the regulation of offices of chief.
3. Each Chief shall have such functions as are conferred on him by this Constitution or by or under any other law. (Sec. 103)
Customary Law
Chad
- EnglishThe customary and traditional rules governing the matrimonial regimes and inheritance may only be applicable with the consent of the parties concerned.
In default of consent, the national law alone is applicable.
It is the same in case of conflict between two [2] or more customary rules. (Art. 162) - Arabicلا يمكن تطبيق القواعد العرفية والتقليدية التي تحكم أنظمة الزواج والإرث إلا بموافقة الأطراف المعنية.
في غياب الموافقة، يكون القانون الوطني الوحيد الواجب تطبيقه.
يطبق القانون نفسه في حالة وجود تعارض بين قاعدتين [2] عرفيتين أو أكثر. (المادة 162) - FrenchLes règles coutumières et traditionnelles régissant les régimes matrimoniaux et les successions ne peuvent s'appliquer qu'avec le consentement des parties concernées.
A défaut de consentement, la loi nationale est seule applicable.
Il en est de même en cas de conflit entre deux (2) ou plusieurs règles coutumières. (Art. 162)
Customary Law
Togo
- EnglishThe Togolese State recognizes the traditional chiefdom, guardian of use and customs.
The designation and the enthronement [intronisation] of the traditional chief obeys the use and customs of the locality. (Art. 143) - FrenchL’Etat togolais reconnaît la chefferie traditionnelle, gardienne des us et coutumes.
La désignation et l’intronisation du chef traditionnel obéissent aux us et coutumes de la localité. (Art. 143)
Customary Law
Zambia
- English1. There is established a House of Chiefs.
2. The House of Chiefs shall consist of five chiefs from each province, elected by the chiefs in a Province, as prescribed.
3. The members of the House of Chiefs shall annually elect a Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of the House of Chiefs, from amongst themselves.
4. Notwithstanding clause (3), the assumption of office as Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson of the House of Chiefs shall rotate annually amongst the chiefs from each province.
5. The functions of the House of Chiefs are to —
a. consider and discuss a Bill relating to custom or tradition referred to it by the President, before the Bill is introduced into the National Assembly;
b. initiate, discuss and make recommendations to the National Assembly regarding socio-economic development in the Province;
c. initiate, discuss and decide on matters relating to customary law and practice;
d. initiate, discuss and make recommendations to a local authority regarding the welfare of communities in a local authority;
e. make proposals on areas in customary law that require codification;
f. advise the Government on traditional and customary matters; and
g. perform other functions as prescribed. (Art. 169)
Customary Law
Eswatini
- English…
(3) A woman shall not be compelled to undergo or uphold any custom to which she is in conscience opposed. (Sec. 28)
Customary Law
Marshall Islands
- English(1) In the exercise of its legislative functions, it shall be the responsibility of the Nitijela, whenever and to the extent considered appropriate, to declare, by Act, the customary law in the Republic of the Marshall Islands or in any part thereof. The customary law so declared may include any provisions which, in the opinion of the Nitijela, are necessary or desirable to supplement the established rules of customary law or to take account of any traditional practice.
(2) This Section shall not be construed to authorize the making of any law that would defeat an otherwise valid claim under Article II.
(3) The Nitijela shall not proceed further than the first reading of any Bill or amendment to a Bill which, in the opinion of the Speaker, makes provision for any declaration pursuant to paragraph (1) of this Section unless a joint committee of the Council of Iroij and the Nitijela has been afforded a reasonable opportunity to make a report on the matters dealt within that Bill or amendment, and any such report has been published. (Art. X, Sec. 2)
Customary Law
Tonga
- EnglishThere shall be but one law in Tonga for chiefs and commoners for non-Tongans and Tongans. No laws shall be enacted for one class and not for another class but the law shall be the same for all the people of this land. (Clause 4)
- Tongan‘E taha pe ‘a e lao ‘o Tonga ni ki he hou‘eiki mo e me‘avale ki he fa‘ahinga kakai kotoa pe ‘oku ‘ikai ko e Tonga mo e Tonga. ‘E ‘ikai fokotu‘u ha lao ‘i he fonua ni ki ha fa‘ahinga pea tuku ha fa‘ahinga ka ‘e taha pe mo mamafa tatau pe ki he kakai kotoa pe ‘o e fonua ni. (Kupu 4)
Customary Law
Liberia
- EnglishThe Judicial Power of the Republic shall be vested in a Supreme Court and such subordinate courts as the legislature may from time to time establish. The courts shall apply both statutory and customary laws in accordance with the standards enacted by the Legislature. … (Art. 65)