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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
6. The objects of local government shall be to:
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h. ensure gender mainstreaming in local government;
… (Art. 166)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
The Mayor, the Vice Mayor, and the Concejales [Aldermen] will be elected by the People through universal, equal, direct, free, and secret suffrage, in accordance with the law. Those candidates who have obtained the relative majority of the votes will be elected Mayor and Vice Mayor, the Concejales will be elected by proportional representation, in accordance with the electoral quotient. The term [periodo] of the municipal authorities will be of five years, counted from the taking possession of the office before the Supreme Electoral Council.
The binomial [binomio] Mayor and Vice Mayor must be formulated under the principle of equality of gender in the exercise of the Local Power, being that one of them must be a woman and the other, [a] man, keeping the proportionality between both genders. The political parties and electoral alliances must present in their list of candidates for Mayor, Vice Mayor and Concejales, fifty percent of men and fifty percent of women.
... (Art. 178) - Spanish
El Alcalde, el Vicealcalde y los Concejales serán elegidos por el pueblo mediante el sufragio universal, igual, directo, libre y secreto, de conformidad con la ley. Serán electos Alcalde y Vicealcalde los candidatos que tengan la mayoría relativa de los votos, los Concejales serán electos por representación proporcional, de acuerdo con el cociente electoral. El período de las autoridades municipales será de cinco años, contados a partir de la toma de posesión del cargo ante el Consejo Supremo Electoral.
El binomio de Alcalde y Vicealcalde debe formularse bajo el principio de igualdad y equidad de género en el ejercicio del Poder Local, siendo que uno de ellos debe ser mujer y el otro, hombre, guardando la proporcionalidad entre ambos géneros. Los partidos políticos y alianzas electorales deberán presentar en su lista de candidatos a Alcalde, Vicealcalde y Concejales, un cincuenta por ciento de hombres y un cincuenta por ciento de mujeres.
... (Art. 178)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English1. The Republic of Vanuatu recognises, that, subject to any restrictions imposed by law on non-citizens and holders of dual citizenship who are not indigenous or naturalised citizens, all persons are entitled to the following fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual without discrimination on the grounds of race, place of origin, religious or traditional beliefs, political opinions, language or sex but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and to the legitimate public interest in defence, safety, public order, welfare and health-
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k. equal treatment under the law or administrative action, except that no law shall be inconsistent with this sub-paragraph insofar as it makes provision for the special benefit, welfare, protection or advancement of females, children and young persons, members of under-privileged groups or inhabitants of less developed areas.
… (Art. 5) - French1) Sous réserve des restrictions que la Loi peut imposer aux non-citoyens et aux détenteurs de la double nationalité qui ne sont pas indigènes ou citoyens naturalisés et dans le respect des droits et libertés d'autrui et de l'intérêt public légitime en matière de défense, de sécurité, d'ordre public, de prospérité et de santé, la République de Vanuatu reconnaît que toute personne, sans distinction de race, lieu d'origine, croyances religieuses ou traditionnelles, opinions politiques, langue ou sexe jouit des droits fondamentaux et les libertés individuelles suivants:
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k) un traitement égal devant la Loi ou l'action administrative, étant entendu qu'une loi ne contrevient pas aux dispositions du présent alinéa dans la mesure où elle prévoit des dispositions pour le bénéfice particulier, le bien-être, la protection ou l'amélioration des conditions des femmes, des enfants et des jeunes, des membres de catégories défavorisées, ou des habitants de zones moins développées.
... (Art. 5)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
…
All human beings are equal before the law. Men and Women are equal in right [droit].
The law promotes [favorise] the equal access of women and men to the mandates and functions.
… (Art. 7) - French
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Tous les êtres humains sont égaux devant la loi. Les hommes et les femmes sont égaux en droit.
La loi favorise l’égal accès des femmes et des hommes aux mandats et fonctions.
... (Art. 7)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English(1) The proceedings of the Senate and the National Assembly are regulated by rules known as Standing Orders, which are made by the Houses individually or jointly on the recommendation of the Committee on Standing Rules and Orders.
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(4) Any committee established by or under Standing Orders must reflect, as closely as possible, the political and gender composition of Parliament or of the House to which the Standing Orders apply. (Sec. 139)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English…
2. The law shall promote equality in the exercise of civil and political rights and non-discrimination on the basis of gender for access to political positions. (Sec. 63) - Tetum…
2. Lei halo promosaun kona-ba igualdade direitu síviku no polítiku nian no la diskrimina kona-ba seksu iha asesu ba kargu polítiku nian. (Art. 63) - Portuguese…
2. A lei promove a igualdade no exercício dos direitos cívicos e políticos e a não discriminação em função do sexo no acesso a cargos políticos. (Art. 63)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English[The following] are of the domain of the law:
The rules concerning the following matters:
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– parity [concerning] man and woman in the decision-making bodies [instance de prise de décisions];
… (Art. 80) - FrenchSont du domaine de la loi:
Les règles relatives aux matières suivantes:
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- la parité homme et femme dans les instances de prises de décisions;
… (Art. 80)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English
Election to the President and the Vice-president under this Constitution shall be so made as to have representation of different sex or community. (Art. 70)
- Nepali
यस संविधान बमोजिम राष्ट्रपति र उपराष्ट्रपतिको निर्वाचन फरक फरक लिंग वा समुदायको प्रतिनिधित्व हुने गरी गर्नु पर्नेछ । (धारा ७०)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English1. Subject to subsections (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
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3. In this section, 'discriminatory" means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, caste, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages that are not accorded to persons of another such description.
4. Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision –
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aa. for a minimum number of candidates for election to local authorities to be of a particular sex, with a view to ensuring adequate representation of each sex on a local authority;
ab. for a minimum number of candidates for election to the Rodrigues Regional Assembly to be of a particular sex, with a view to ensuring adequate representation of each sex in the Rodrigues Regional Assembly;
… (Sec. 16)
Affirmative Action (Broadly)
- English1. All persons are equal before and under the law in all spheres of political, economic, social and cultural life and in every other respect and shall enjoy equal protection of the law.
2. Without prejudice to clause (l) of this article, a person shall not be discriminated against on the ground of sex, race, colour, ethnic origin, tribe, birth, creed or religion, social or economic standing, political opinion or disability.
3. For the purposes of this article, “discriminate” means to give different treatment to different persons attributable only or mainly to their respective descriptions by sex, race, colour, ethnic origin, tribe, birth, creed or religion, social or economic standing, political opinion or disability.
4. Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from enacting laws that are necessary for-
a. implementing policies and programmes aimed at redressing social, economic, educational or other imbalance in society;
b. making such provision as is required or authorised to be made under this Constitution; or
… (Art. 21)