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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
Belgium
- EnglishNaturalisation is granted by the federal legislative power. (Art. 9)
- DutchNaturalisatie wordt verleend door de federale wetgevende macht. (Art. 9)
- FrenchLa naturalisation est accordée par le pouvoir législatif fédéral. (Art. 9)
- GermanDie Einbürgerung wird von der föderalen gesetzgebenden Gewalt verliehen. (Art. 9)
Citizenship and Nationality
Sao Tome and Principe
- EnglishThe National Assembly shall be entirely responsible for legislating on the following matters:
a) Citizenship;
… (Art. 98) - PortugueseCompete exclusivamente à Assembleia Nacional legislar sobre as seguintes matérias:
a) Cidadania;
… (Art. 98)
Citizenship and Nationality
Eswatini
- English(1) A woman who is not a citizen of Eswatini at the date of her marriage to a person who is a citizen (otherwise than by registration) shall become a citizen by lodging a declaration in the prescribed manner with the Minister responsible for citizenship or with any Diplomatic Mission or Consular Office of Eswatini or at any other prescribed office, either before or at any time during the marriage, accepting Eswatini citizenship.(2) A woman who lodges a declaration in terms of subsection (1) shall be a citizen from the date of her marriage, where the declaration is lodged before the marriage, or where the declaration is lodged after marriage, from date of lodgement.(3) This section applies to marriage whether before or after the commencement of this Constitution. (Sec. 44)
Citizenship and Nationality
Jamaica
- English1. Every person born in Jamaica shall become a citizen of Jamaica-
a. on the sixth day of August, 1962, in the case of a person born before that date;
b. on the date of his birth, in the case of a person born on or after the sixth day of August, 1962.
2. A person shall be deemed to be born in Jamaica-
…
b. if at the time of his birth his mother-
i. is a citizen of Jamaica residing in a country other than Jamaica by reason of her employment in the diplomatic service of Jamaica; or
ii. whether or not a citizen of Jamaica, is residing in a country other than Jamaica by reason of her being married to a citizen of Jamaica who is residing in that country by reason of his employment in the diplomatic service of Jamaica.
… (Sec. 3B)
Citizenship and Nationality
Iceland
- EnglishNo one may be deprived of Icelandic citizenship. Loss of citizenship may, however, be provided for by law, in the event a person accepts citizenship in another State. An alien can only be granted Icelandic citizenship according to law.
… (Art. 66) - IcelandicEngan má svipta íslenskum ríkisborgararétti. Með lögum má þó ákveða að maður missi þann rétt ef hann öðlast með samþykki sínu ríkisfang í öðru ríki. Útlendingi verðuraðeins veittur íslenskur ríkisborgararéttur samkvæmt lögum.
… (66. gr.)
Citizenship and Nationality
Sudan
- English… Enshrining the principle of political pluralism and the establishment of a state of law that recognizes diversity, takes citizenship as a basis for rights and duties, … (Preamble)
- Arabic... وإرساء لمبدأ التعددية السياسية وتأسيس دولة القانون التي تعترف بالتنوع وترتكز علي المواطنة أساسا للحقوق والواجبات،... (ديباجه)
Citizenship and Nationality
Gambia
- English(1) The Minister may apply to the High Court for an order depriving a person who has been registered or naturalised as a citizen of The Gambia of his or her citizenship on the grounds that he or she—
(a) has acquired by registration, naturalisation or any voluntary and formal act (other than marriage) the citizenship of any other country;
(b) has acquired the citizenship of Gambia by means of fraud, false representation or the concealment of any material fact;
(c) has, at any time since acquiring citizenship of The Gambia, voluntarily claimed and exercised in a country other than The Gambia any rights available to him or her under the laws of that country, being rights accorded exclusively to its citizens;
(d) has within seven years after being registered or naturalised been convicted in any country of an offence involving fraud, dishonesty or moral turpitude.
and, in the cases referred to in paragraphs (c) and (d), it is not conducive to the public good that he or she should continue to be a citizen of The Gambia.
…
(4) Nothing in this or any other provision of this Constitution or any other law shall be construed as depriving, or authorising any person or authority to deprive, any citizen of The Gambia by birth or descent of his or her citizenship of The Gambia whether on account of such citizen's holding the citizenship or nationality of some other country or for any other cause. (Sec. 13)
Citizenship and Nationality
Nicaragua
- English
In the case of dual nationality it will proceed in accordance with the treaties and the principle of reciprocity. (Art. 22)
- Spanish
En los casos de doble nacionalidad se procede conforme los tratados y el principio de reciprocidad. (Art. 22)
Citizenship and Nationality
North Macedonia
- EnglishCitizens of the Republic of North Macedonia have citizenship of the Republic of North Macedonia. A citizen of the Republic of North Macedonia can not be deprived of citizenship, nor can he/she be expelled from the Republic of North Macedonia.
… Citizenship of the Republic of North Macedonia is regulated by law. (Art. 4)3 - MacedonianГраѓаните на Република Северна Македонија имаат државјанство на Република Северна Македонија. На државјанин на Република Северна Македонија не може да му биде одземено државјанството, ниту може да биде протеран од Република Северна Македонија.
… Државјанството на Република Северна Македонија се уредува со закон. (Член 4)
Citizenship and Nationality
Zambia
- English1. A person born in Zambia is a citizen by birth if, at the date of that person’s birth, at least one parent of that person is or was a citizen.
2. A child found in Zambia who is, or appears to be, of not more than eight years of age and whose nationality and parents are not known, shall be presumed to be a citizen by birth.
... (Art. 35)