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Jurisdiction and Access
- English
(1) An appeal shall lie from final decisions of the Court of Appeal to the Caribbean Court of Justice as of right in the following cases –
…
(c) in any civil or criminal proceedings which involve a question as to the interpretation of this Constitution;
…
(e) in any proceedings that are concerned with the exercise of the jurisdiction conferred upon the High Court relating to redress for the contravention of the provisions of this Constitution for the protection of fundamental rights;
… (Sec. 104)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe functions and the duties of the Constitutional Tribunal of the Union are as follows:
(a) interpreting the provisions under the Constitution;
(b) vetting whether the laws promulgated by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the Region Hluttaw, the State Hluttaw or the Self-Administered Division Leading Body and the Self-Administered Zone Leading Body are in conformity with the Constitution or not;
(c) vetting whether the measures of the executive authorities of the Union, the Regions, the States, and the Self-Administered Areas are in conformity with the Constitution or not;
(d) deciding Constitutional disputes between the Union and a Region, between the Union and a State, between a Region and a State, among the Regions, among the States, between a Region or a State and a Self-Administered Area and among the Self-Administered Areas;
(e) deciding disputes arising out of the rights and duties of the Union and a Region, a State or a Self-Administered Area in implementing the Union Law by a Region, State or Self-Administered Area;
(f) vetting and deciding matters intimated by the President relating to the Union Territory;
(g) functions and duties conferred by laws enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw. (Sec. 322) - Burmeseနိုင်ငံတော်ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေဆိုင်ရာ ခုံရုံး၏ လုပ်ငန်းတာဝန်များမှာ အောက်ပါအတိုင်း ဖြစ်သည်
(က) ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေပါ ပြဌာန်းချက်များကို အနက်အဓိပ္ပာယ်ဖွင့်ဆိုခြင်း၊
(ခ) ပြည်ထောင်စုလွှတ်တော်၊ တိုင်းဒေသကြီးလွှတ်တော်၊ ပြည်နယ်လွှတ်တော် သို့မဟုတ် ကိုယ်ပိုင် အုပ်ချုပ်ခွင့်ရ တိုင်းဦးစီးအဖွဲ့နှင့် ကိုယ်ပိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ခွင့်ရ ဒေသဦးစီးအဖွဲ့တို့က ပြဌာန်းသည့်ဥပဒေများသည် ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေနှင့် ညီညွှတ်ခြင်း ရှိ- မရှိစိစစ်ခြင်း၊
(ဂ) ပြည်ထောင်စု၊ တိုင်းဒေသကြီးများ၊ ပြည်နယ်များနှင့် ကိုယ်ပိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ခွင့်ရ စီရင်စုများ၏ အုပ်ချုပ်မှုဆိုင်ရာအာဏာပိုင်းများ၏ ဆောင်ရွက်ချက်များသည် ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေနှင့် ညီညွှတ်ခြင်း ရှိ - မရှိ စိစစ်ခြင်း၊
(ဃ) ပြည်ထောင်စုနှင့် တိုင်းဒေသကြီးအကြား၊ ပြည်ထောင်စုနှင့် ပြည်နယ်အကြား၊ တိုင်းဒေသကြီးနှင့် ပြည်နယ်အကြား၊ တိုင်းဒေသကြီးအချင်းချင်း၊ ပြည်နယ်အချင်းချင်း၊ တိုင်းဒေသကြီး သို့မဟုတ် ပြည်နယ်နှင့် ကိုယ်ပိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ခွင့်ရ စီရင်စုအကြား၊ ကိုယ်ပိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ခွင့်ရစီရင်စုအချင်းချင်း ဖြစ်ပေါ် သည့် ဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေဆိုင်ရာ အငြင်းပွားမှုများကို ဆုံးဖြတ်ခြင်း၊
(င) တိုင်းဒေသကြီး၊ ပြည်နယ် သို့မဟုတ် ကိုယ်ပိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ခွင့်ရစီရင်စုတို့က ပြည်ထောင်စုဥပဒေကို အကောင်အထည် ဖော်ဆောင်ရွက်ရာတွင် ပြည်ထောင်စုနှင့်တိုင်းဒေသကြီး၊ ပြည်နယ်သို့မဟုတ်ကိုယ်ပိုင်အုပ်ချုပ်ခွင့်ရစီရင်စုတို့၏ အခွင့်အရေးနှင့် တာဝန်များနှင့် စပ်လျဉ်း၍ ပေါ်ပေါက်သည့် အငြင်းပွားမှုများကို ဆုံးဖြတ်ခြင်း၊
(စ) ပြည်ထောင်စုနယ်မြေများနှင့် စပ်လျဉ်း၍ နိုင်ငံတော်သမ္မတက အကြောင်းကြားလာသည့် ကိစ္စရပ် များကို စိစစ်ဆုံးဖြတ်ခြင်း၊
(ဆ) ပြည်ထောင်စုလွှတ်တော်က ပြဌာန်းသည့်ဥပဒေများက ပေးအပ်သည့် လုပ်ငန်းတာဝန်များ။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၂၂)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court is the judge of the exceptions of unconstitutionality raised before or by a jurisdiction.
Any person may refer the Constitution Court to [a matter concerning] the unconstitutionality of any legislative or regulatory act.
In addition, he may refer the Constitutional Court to [a matter], by the procedure of the exception of unconstitutionality invoked in a matter concerning him before a jurisdiction.
That [jurisdiction] stays [its] decision and refers the Constitutional Court to [it], all [other] matters ceasing. (Art. 162) - FrenchLa Cour constitutionnelle est juge de l’exception d’inconstitutionnalité soulevée devant ou par une juridiction.
Toute personne peut saisir la Cour constitutionnelle pour inconstitutionnalité de tout acte législatif ou réglementaire.
Elle peut, en outre, saisir la Cour constitutionnelle, par la procédure de l’exception de l’inconstitutionnalité invoquée dans une affaire qui la concerne devant une juridiction.
Celle-ci sursoit à statuer et saisit, toutes affaires cessantes, la Cour constitutionnelle. (Art. 162)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1 The Federal Supreme Court hears disputes concerning violations of:
a. federal law;
b. international law;
c. inter-cantonal law;
d. cantonal constitutional rights;
e. the autonomy of the communes and other cantonal guarantees in favour of public law corporations;
f. federal and cantonal provisions on political rights.
2 It hears disputes between the Confederation and Cantons or between Cantons.
3 The jurisdiction of the Federal Supreme Court may be extended by law.
4 Acts of the Federal Assembly or the Federal Council may not be challenged in the Federal Supreme Court. Exceptions may be provided for by law. (Art. 189) - French1 Le Tribunal fédéral connaît des contestations pour violation:
a. du droit fédéral;
b. du droit international;
c. du droit intercantonal;
d. des droits constitutionnels cantonaux;
e. de l’autonomie des communes et des autres garanties accordées par les cantons aux corporations de droit public;
f. des dispositions fédérales et cantonales sur les droits politiques.
2 Il connaît des différends entre la Confédération et les cantons ou entre les cantons.
3 La loi peut conférer d’autres compétences au Tribunal fédéral.
4 Les actes de l’Assemblée fédérale et du Conseil fédéral ne peuvent pas être portés devant le Tribunal fédéral. Les exceptions sont déterminées par la loi. (Art. 189) - German1 Das Bundesgericht beurteilt Streitigkeiten wegen Verletzung:
a. von Bundesrecht;
b. von Völkerrecht;
c. von interkantonalem Recht;
d. von kantonalen verfassungsmässigen Rechten;
e. der Gemeindeautonomie und anderer Garantien der Kantone zu Gunsten von öffentlich-rechtlichen Körperschaften;
f. von eidgenössischen und kantonalen Bestimmungen über die politischen Rechte.
2 Es beurteilt Streitigkeiten zwischen Bund und Kantonen oder zwischen Kantonen.
3 Das Gesetz kann weitere Zuständigkeiten des Bundesgerichts begründen.
4 Akte der Bundesversammlung und des Bundesrates können beim Bundesgericht nicht angefochten werden. Ausnahmen bestimmt das Gesetz. (Art. 189) - Italian1 Il Tribunale federale giudica le controversie per violazione:
a. del diritto federale;
b. del diritto internazionale;
c. del diritto intercantonale;
d. dei diritti costituzionali cantonali;
e. dell’autonomia comunale e di altre garanzie che i Cantoni conferiscono ad altri enti di diritto pubblico;
f. delle disposizioni federali e cantonali sui diritti politici.
2 Il Tribunale federale giudica inoltre le controversie tra la Confederazione e i Cantoni e quelle tra Cantoni.
3 La legge può conferire altre competenze al Tribunale federale.
4 Gli atti dell’Assemblea federale e del Consiglio federale non possono essere impugnati presso il Tribunale federale. Le eccezioni sono stabilite dalla legge. (Art. 189)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
(1) Any citizen of Nepal may file a petition in the Supreme Court to have any law or any part thereof declared void on the ground of inconsistency with this Constitution because it imposes unreasonable restriction on the enjoyment of any fundamental right conferred by this Constitution or on any other ground; or to have any law or any part thereof made by a Provincial Assembly declared void because it is inconsistent with any law made by the Federal Parliament; or to have any law or any part thereof made by a Municipal Assembly or Rural Municipal Assembly declared void because it is inconsistent with a law made by the Federal Parliament or the Provincial Assembly; the Supreme Court shall have an extra-ordinary power to declare such law to be void either ab initio or from the date of its decision in case the law in question appears to be so inconsistent.
(2) The Supreme Court shall, for the enforcement of the fundamental rights conferred by this Constitution or of any other legal right for which no other remedy has been provided for or for which the remedy even though provided appears to be inadequate or ineffective or for the settlement of any constitutional or legal question involved in any dispute of public interest or concern; have the extraordinary power to issue necessary and appropriate orders, provide appropriate remedies, enforce such right or settle such dispute.
…
(4) Subject to this Constitution, the Supreme Court shall, as provided for in the federal law, have the power to originally try and settle cases, hear appeals, test judgments referred for confirmation, revise cases, hear petitions or review its judgments or final orders. While so reviewing the judgements, Justices other than those having handed down the previous judgment shall make such review.
(5) The Supreme Court shall have the power to settle appeals from cases originally heard and settled by a High Court and matters of public importance involving questions of interpretation of the Constitution and law or cases recommended by a High Court, accompanied by its opinion that it is reasonable that decision be made by the Supreme Court.
(6) Other powers and procedures of the Supreme Court shall be as provided for in the federal law. (Art. 133) - Nepali
(१) यस संविधानद्वारा प्रदत्त मौलिक हक उपर अनुचित बन्देज लगाइएकोे वा अन्य कुनै कारणले कुनै कानून यो संविधानसँग बाझिएको हुँदा त्यस्तो कानून वा त्यसको कुनै भाग वा प्रदेश सभाले बनाएको कुनै कानून संघीय संसदले बनाएको कुनै कानूनसँग बाझिएको वा नगर सभा वा गाउँ सभाले बनाएको कुनै कानून संघीय संसद वा प्रदेश सभाले बनाएको कुनै कानूनसँग बाझिएको हँुदा त्यस्तो कानून वा त्यसको कुनै भाग बदर घोषित गरी पाऊँ भनी कुनै पनि नेपाली नागरिकले सर्वोच्च अदालतमा निवेदन दिन सक्नेछ र सो अनुसार कुनै कानून बाझिएको देखिएमा सो कानूनलाई प्रारम्भदेखि नै वा निर्णय भएको मितिदेखि अमान्य र बदर घोषित गर्ने असाधारण अधिकार सर्वोच्च अदालतलाई हुनेछ ।
(२) यस संविधानद्वारा प्रदत्त मौलिक हकको प्रचलनका लागि वा अर्को उपचारको व्यवस्था नभएको वा अर्को उपचारको व्यवस्था भए पनि
त्यस्तो उपचार अपर्याप्त वा प्रभावहीन देखिएको अन्य कुनै कानूनी हकको प्रचलनका लागि वा सार्वजनिक हक वा सरोकारको कुनै विवादमा समावेश भएको कुनै संवैधानिक वा कानूनी प्रश्नको निरूपणका लागि आवश्यक र उपयुक्त आदेश जारी गर्ने, उचित उपचार प्रदान गर्ने, त्यस्तो हकको प्रचलन गराउने वा विवाद टुंगो लगाउने असाधारण अधिकार सर्वोच्च अदालतलाई हुनेछ ।
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(४) यस संविधानको अधीनमा रही सर्वोच्च अदालतलाई संघीय कानूनमा व्यवस्था भए बमोजिम मुद्दाको शुरु कारबाही र किनारा गर्ने, पुनरावेदन सुन्ने, साधक जाँच्ने, मुद्दा दोहो¥याउने, निवेदन सुन्ने वा आफ्नो फैसला वा अन्तिम आदेशको पुनरावलोकन गर्ने अधिकार हुनेछ । त्यसरी पुनरावलोकन गर्दा पहिला फैसला गर्ने न्यायाधीश बाहेक अन्य न्यायाधीशले गर्ने छन् ।
(५) उच्च अदालतले शुरू कारबाही र किनारा गरेको मुद्दाको पुनरावेदन सुन्ने र संविधान र कानूनको व्याख्या सम्बन्धी प्रश्न समावेश भएको सार्वजनिक महत्वको विषय वा सर्वोच्च अदालतबाट निर्णय हुनु उपयुक्त छ भनी उच्च अदालतले आफ्नो राय सहित सिफारिस गरेको मुद्दाको निरूपण गर्ने अधिकार सर्वोच्च अदालतलाई हुनेछ ।
(६) सर्वोच्च अदालतको अन्य अधिकार र कार्यविधि संघीय कानून बमोजिम हुनेछ । (धारा १३३)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe provisions of law which concern the fundamental rights recognized to any person by the Constitution may be submitted to the Constitutional Council by way of pleadings if it involves an instance in course before a jurisdiction.
The pleadings of unconstitutionality may be raised by any plaintiff before any jurisdiction.
… (Art. 80) - Arabicيجوز تقديم أحكام القوانين المتعلقة بالحقوق الأساسية التي يعترف بها الدستور لأي شخص عبر تقديم مذكرة إذا كانت تتعلق بقضية ماثلة أمام سلطة قضائية.
ويجوز أن يقدم أي مدع دفوع بعدم الدستورية أمام أي سلطة قضائية.
... (المادة 80) - FrenchLes dispositions de la loi qui concernent les droits fondamentaux reconnus à toute personne par la Constitution peuvent être soumises au Conseil constitutionnel par voie d'exception à l'occasion d'une instance en cours devant une juridiction.
L'exception d'inconstitutionnalité peut être soulevée par tout plaideur devant toute jurisdiction.
… (Art. 80)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) If, on an application for naturalisation as a British citizen made by a person of full age and capacity, the Secretary of State is satisfied that the applicant fulfils the requirements of Schedule 1 for naturalisation as such a citizen under this subsection, he may, if he thinks fit, grant to him a certificate of naturalisation as such a citizen.
(2) If, on an application for naturalisation as a British citizen made by a person of full age and capacity who on the date of the application is married to a British citizen, or is the civil partner of a British citizen the Secretary of State is satisfied that the applicant fulfils the requirements of Schedule 1 for naturalisation as such a citizen under this subsection, he may, if he thinks fit, grant to him a certificate of naturalisation as such a citizen. (British Nationality Act 1981, Sec. 6)4
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of section 40(7) of this Constitution, an appeal shall lie from decisions of the High Court to the Court of Appeal as of right in the following cases:
(a) final decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings on questions as to the interpretation of this Constitution;
(b) final decisions given in exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on the High Court by section 16 of this Constitution (which relates to the enforcement of the fundamental rights and freedoms).
(2) An Appeal shall lie from final decisions of the Public Service Board of Appeal to the Court of Appeal.
(3) The Chief Justice may make rules with respect to the practice and procedure of the Court of Appeal in relation to appeals from the Public Service Board of Appeal to the Court of Appeal. (Sec. 105)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Supreme Constitutional Court shall not consider the constitutionality of the laws put by the President of the Republic to a referendum and obtained the approval of the people. (Art. 148)
- Arabicلا يحق للمحكمة الدستورية العليا أن تنظر في دستورية القوانين التي يطرحها رئيس الجمهورية على الاستفتاء الشعبي وتنال موافقة الشعب. (المادّة 148)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) A person who alleges that—
(a) any Act of the National Assembly or anything done under the authority of an Act of the National Assembly; or
(b) any act or omission of any person or authority, is inconsistent with or is in contravention of a provision of this Constitution, may bring an action in a court of competent jurisdiction for a declaration to that effect.
… (Sec. 5)