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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
1. The Coprinces, under the provisions of article 46.1.f), the Head of Government or a fifth of the General Council, may request a prior opinion about the constitutionality of international treaties prior to their ratification. Proceedings of this nature shall take priority.
… (Art. 101) - Catalan
1. Els coprínceps, en els termes de l'article 46.1.f), el cap de Govern o una cinquena part dels membres del Consell General, poden requerir dictamen previ d'inconstitucionalitat sobre els tractats internacionals abans de la seva ratificació. Aquest procediment tindrà caràcter preferent.
… (Art. 101)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. The Constitutional Court shall consider and shall declare with generally binding force the unconstitutionality or otherwise of any rule.
2. The following may request a declaration of unconstitutionality from the Constitutional Court:
a) The President of the Republic;
b) One tenth of the Members of the Assembly of the Republic in full exercise of their office;
c) Parliamentary Groups;
d) The Attorney-General;
e) The Ombudsman;
f) The Bar Association of Angola. (Art. 230) - Portuguese1. O Tribunal Constitucional aprecia e declara, com força obrigatória geral, a inconstitucionalidade de qualquer norma.
2. Podem requerer ao Tribunal Constitucional a declaração de inconstitucionalidade as seguintes entidades:
a) O Presidente da República;
b) Um décimo dos Deputados à Assembleia Nacional em efectividade de funções;
c) Os Grupos Parlamentares;
d) O Procurador-Geral da República;
e) O Provedor de Justiça;
f) A Ordem dos Advogados de Angola. (Art. 230)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Supreme Court shall be final arbiter of constitutional issues and shall exercise final appellate jurisdiction in all cases whether emanating from courts of record, courts not of record, administrative agencies, autonomous agencies or any other authority, both as to law and fact except cases involving ambassadors, ministers, or cases in which a country is a party. In all such cases, the Supreme Court shall exercise original jurisdiction. The Legislature shall make no law nor create any exceptions as would deprive the Supreme Court of any of the powers granted herein. (Art. 66)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English…
Whenever the executive returns a bill, it shall again be debated in the National Congress, and if it is ratified by a two-thirds vote, it shall again be sent to the executive branch, with this phrase: “Constitutionally ratified” and the executive branch shall publish it forthwith.
If the grounds for the veto are that the bill is unconstitutional, it may not be submitted to a new debate until the opinion of the Supreme Court of Justice has been obtained; the Court shall issue its opinion within such period as the National Congress shall specify. (Art. 216) - Spanish…
Cuando el Ejecutivo devolviere el proyecto, el Congreso Nacional lo someterá a nueva deliberación, y si fuere ratificado por (2/3) dos tercios de votos, lo pasará de nuevo al Poder Ejecutivo, con esta fórmula: "Ratificado Constitucionalmente" y, éste lo publicará sin tardanza.
Si el veto se fundare en que el proyecto de ley es inconstitucional, no podrá someterse a una nueva deliberación sin oír previamente a la Corte Suprema de Justicia; ésta emitirá su dictamen en el término que el Congreso Nacional le señale. (Art. 216)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English…
(2) Should a court come to the conclusion that a statute which should be applied in the resolution of a matter is in conflict with the constitutional order, it shall submit the matter to the Constitutional Court. (1993 Constitution, Art. 95) - Czech…
(2) Dojde-li soud k závěru, že zákon, jehož má být při řešení věci použito, je v rozporu s ústavním pořádkem, předloží věc Ústavnímu soudu. (Ústava 1993, Čl. 95)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. Where any question as to the interpretation of this Constitution arises in any court of law established for Mauritius (other than the Court of Appeal, the Supreme Court or a court martial) and the court is of opinion that the question involves a substantial question of law, the court shall refer the question to the Supreme Court.
… (Sec. 84)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English[The following] are duties and attributions of the Constitutional Chamber:
1. to take cognizance [conocer] and to decide [resolver] on the unconstitutionality of the laws and of other normative instruments, declaring the inapplicability of the provisions contrary to this Constitution in each concrete case and in decision [fallo] that will only be effective in relation with that case, and
2. to decide on the unconstitutionality of the definitive or interlocutory sentences, declaring the nullity of those that result [as being] contrary to this Constitution.
The proceeding may be initiated by [an] action before the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice, and by way [vía] of an excepción [pleadings of exception] in any instance, in which case the prior records [antecedentes] will rise [se elevarán] to the Court. (Art. 260) - SpanishSon deberes y atribuciones de la Sala Constitucional:
1. conocer y resolver sobre la inconstitucionalidad de las leyes y de otros instrumentos normativos, declarando la inaplicabilidad de las disposiciones contrarias a esta Constitución en cada caso concreto, y en fallo que sólo tendrá efecto con relación a este caso, y
2. decidir sobre la inconstitucionalidad de las sentencias definitivas o interlocutorias, declarando la nulidad de las que resulten contrarias a esta Constitución.
El procedimiento podrá iniciarse por acción ante la Sala Constitucional de la Corte Suprema de Justicia, y por vía de la excepción en cualquier instancia, en cuyo caso se elevarán los antecedentes a la Corte. (Art. 260)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English…
3 2° Save as otherwise provided by this Article, the jurisdiction of the High Court shall extend to the question of the validity of any law having regard to the provisions of this Constitution, and no such question shall be raised (whether by pleading, argument or otherwise) in any Court established under this or any other Article of this Constitution other than the High Court, the Court of Appeal or the Supreme Court.
3° No Court whatever shall have jurisdiction to question the validity of a law, or any provision of a law, the Bill for which shall have been referred to the Supreme Court by the President under Article 26 of this Constitution, or to question the validity of a provision of a law where the corresponding provision in the Bill for such law shall have been referred to the Supreme Court by the President under the said Article 26.
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4 2° No law shall be enacted excepting from the appellate jurisdiction of the Court of Appeal cases which involve questions as to the validity of any law having regard to the provisions of this Constitution.
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5 5° No law shall be enacted excepting from the appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court cases which involve questions as to the validity of any law having regard to the provisions of this Constitution.
… (Art. 34) - Irish Gaelic…
3 2° Taobh amuigh de chás dá socraítear a mhalairt leis an Airteagal seo, beidh dlínse ag an Ard-Chúirt maidir leis an gceist sin bail a bheith nó gan a bheith ar aon dlí áirithe ag féachaint d’fhorálacha an Bhunreachta seo, agus ní cead aon cheist den sórt sin a tharraingt anuas (trí phléadáil ná argóint ná eile) i gCúirt ar bith, arna bunú faoin Airteagal seo nó faoi aon Airteagal eile den Bhunreacht seo, seachas an Ard-Chúirt, an Chúirt Achomhairc nó an Chúirt Uachtarach.
3° Ní bheidh dlínse ag Cúirt ar bith chun bailíocht dhlí nó fhorála ar bith de dhlí a chur in amhras is dlí a ndearna an tUachtarán an Bille lena aghaidh a chur faoi bhreith na Cúirte Uachtaraí faoi Airteagal 26 den Bhunreacht seo, ná chun bailíocht fhorála de dhlí a chur in amhras má rinne an tUachtarán an fhoráil chomhréire sa Bhille le haghaidh an dlí sin a chur faoi bhreith na Cúirte Uachtaraí faoin Airteagal sin 26.
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4 2° Ní cead aon dlí a achtú a chuirfeadh ar an taobh amuigh de dhlínse achomhairc na Cúirte Achomhairc cásanna ina mbeadh ceisteanna le réiteach i dtaobh bail a bheith nó gan a bheith ar aon dlí, ag féachaint d’fhorálacha an Bhunreachta seo.
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5 5° Ní cead aon dlí a achtú a chuirfeadh ar an taobh amuigh de dhlínse achomhairc na Cúirte Uachtaraí cásanna ina mbeadh ceisteanna le réiteach i dtaobh bail a bheith nó gan a bheith ar aon dlí, ag féachaint d’fhorálacha Bhunreachta seo.
… (Airteagal 34)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishAny person party [partie] to a process may raise the unconstitutionality of a law before any jurisdiction, by way of pleadings [exception]. This [jurisdiction] must postpone [surseoir] [its] decision until the decision of the Constitutional Court, which must intervene within a time period of thirty (30) days.
… (Art. 132) - FrenchToute personne partie à un procès peut soulever l'inconstitutionnalité d'une loi devant toute juridiction, par voie d'exception. Celle-ci doit surseoir à statuer jusqu'à la décision de la Cour constitutionnelle, qui doit intervenir dans un délai de trente (30) jours.
... (Art. 132)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) An appeal shall lie from decisions of the Court of Appeal to Her Majesty in Council as of right in the following cases-
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c. final decisions in any civil or criminal proceedings which involve a question as to the interpretation of this Constitution;
… (Sec. 99)