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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishAn appeal shall lie as of right to the Court of Appeal from any decision of the High Court which involves the interpretation of this Constitution, other than a decision of the High Court under section 69(1) of this Constitution:
Provided that no appeal shall lie from a determination of the High Court under this section dismissing an application on the ground that it is frivolous or vexatious. (Sec. 106)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Council sees to respect for the constitutional principles. It controls the constitutionality of the laws.
It guarantees the fundamental rights of the human person and the public freedoms.
It is the regulatory organ of the functioning of the institutions and of the activity of the public powers. (Art. 75) - Arabicيحرص المجلس الدستوري على احترام المبادئ الدستورية.
يراقب دستورية القوانين، ويضمن حقوق الإنسان الأساسية والحريات العامة،
وهو الهيئة المنظمة لعمل المؤسسات ولنشاط السلطات العامة. (المادة 75) - FrenchLe Conseil constitutionnel veille au respect des principes constitutionnels. Il contrôle la constitutionnalité des lois.
Il garantit les droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine et les libertés publiques.
Il est l'organe régulateur du fonctionnement des institutions et de l'activité des pouvoirs publics. (Art. 75)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe following duties correspond to the National Assembly of People's Power:
…
b. To issue a general and obligatory interpretation of the Constitution and the laws, in necessary cases, in correspondence with the procedure prescribed by the law;
…
e. To ensure the constitutionality of the laws, decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, and other general provisions in accordance with the procedures prescribed by the law;
…
g. To completely or partially revoke decrees with the force of law, presidential decrees, decrees, agreements, and general provisions that contradict the Constitution or the laws;
h. To completely or partially revoke the agreements or rulings of the municipal assemblies of the People's Power that violate the Constitution,
… (Art. 108) - SpanishCorresponde a la Asamblea Nacional del Poder Popular:
…
b) dar a la Constitución y a las leyes, en caso necesario, una interpretación general y obligatoria, en correspondencia con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
…
e) ejercer el control de constitucionalidad sobre las leyes, decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos y demás disposiciones generales, de conformidad con el procedimiento previsto en la ley;
…
g) revocar total o parcialmente los decretos-leyes, decretos presidenciales, decretos, acuerdos o disposiciones generales que contradigan la Constitución o las leyes;
h) revocar total o parcialmente los acuerdos o disposiciones de las asambleas municipales del Poder Popular que contravengan la Constitución,
… (Art. 108)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishA Land law may assign the decision of constitutional disputes within a Land to the Federal Constitutional Court, and the final decision in matters involving the application of Land law to the supreme courts specified in paragraph (1) of Article 95. (Art. 99)
- GermanDem Bundesverfassungsgerichte kann durch Landesgesetz die Entscheidung von Verfassungsstreitigkeiten innerhalb eines Landes, den in Artikel 95 Abs. 1 genannten obersten Gerichtshöfen für den letzten Rechtszug die Entscheidung in solchen Sachen zugewiesen werden, bei denen es sich um die Anwendung von Landesrecht handelt. (Art. 99)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. Court decisions shall be subject to appeal to the Constitutional Court whenever:
a) The courts refuse, on the grounds of unconstitutionality, to apply any rule or resolution of a content that is material and normative or specific and concrete;
b) They apply rules or resolutions of a content that is material and normative or specific and concrete, whose unconstitutionality has been challenged in the proceedings;
c) They apply rules or resolutions of a content that is material and normative or specific and concrete, which have previously been considered unconstitutional by the Constitutional Court itself.
2. Decisions shall also be subject to appeal to the Constitutional Court whenever:
a) They apply resolutions of a content that is material and normative or specific and concrete, which have previously been considered illegal by the Constitutional Court or whose illegality has been challenged in the proceedings.
b) They refuse to apply, on the grounds of illegality, the resolutions referred to in the preceding subparagraph. (Art. 281) - Portuguese1. Cabe recurso para o Tribunal Constitucional, das decisões dos Tribunais que:
a) Recusem, com fundamento em inconstitucionalidade, a aplicação de qualquer norma ou resolução de conteúdo material normativo ou individual e concreto;
b) Apliquem normas ou resoluções de conteúdo material normativo ou individual e concreto cuja inconstitucionalidade haja sido suscitada no processo;
c) Apliquem normas ou resoluções de conteúdo material normativo ou individual e concreto que tenham sido anteriormente julgadas inconstitucionais pelo próprio Tribunal Constitucional.
2. Cabe, ainda, recurso para o Tribunal Constitucional das decisões que:
a) Apliquem resoluções de conteúdo material normativo ou individual e concreto que tenham sido julgadas anteriormente ilegais pelo próprio Tribunal Constitucional ou cuja ilegalidade haja sido suscitada no processo;
b) Recusem aplicar, com fundamento em ilegalidade, as resoluções referidas na alínea anterior. (Art. 281)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The international commitments, provided for in Articles 106 to 108 below must be deferred, before their ratification, to the Constitutional Court, either by the President of the Republic or by the Prime Minister, or by the President of the National Assembly, or one-tenth (1/10) of the Deputies, or by the President of the Senate or one-tenth (1/10) of the Senators.
… (Art. 87)4 - French
Les engagements internationaux prévus aux articles 113 à 115 ci-après doivent être déférés, avant leur ratification, à la Cour Constitutionnelle, soit par le Président de la République, soit par le Premier Ministre, soit par le Président de l'Assemblée Nationale ou un dixième (1/10e) des députés, soit par le Président du Sénat ou un dixième (1/10e) des sénateurs.
... (Art. 87)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court shall issue a prior and binding ruling of constitutionality in the following cases, in addition to those stipulated by the law:
1. International treaties, prior to their ratification by the National Assembly.
2. Calls to referendums nationwide or of decentralized autonomous governments.
3. Objections of unconstitutionality presented by the President of the Republic in the processing of drafting laws. (Art. 438) - SpanishLa Corte Constitucional emitirá dictamen previo y vinculante de constitucionalidad en los siguientes casos, además de los que determine la ley:
1. Tratados internacionales, previamente a su ratificación por parte de la Asamblea Nacional.
2. Convocatorias a consultas populares de carácter nacional o a nivel de los gobiernos autónomos descentralizados.
3. Objeciones de inconstitucionalidad presentadas por la Presidenta o Presidente de la República en el proceso de formación de las leyes. (Art. 438)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
(1) The Constitutional Court:
a) exercises, upon appeal, the review of constitutionality over laws and decisions of the Parliament, decrees of the President, decisions and ordinances of the Government, as well as over international treaties to which the Republic of Moldova is a party;
b) gives the interpretation of the Constitution;
c) formulates its position on initiatives aimed at revising the Constitution;
d) confirms the results of republican referenda;
e) confirms the results of parliamentary and presidential elections in the Republic of Moldova;
f) ascertains the circumstances justifying the dissolution of the Parliament, the removal of the President of the Republic of Moldova or the interim office of the President, as well as the impossibility of the President of the Republic of Moldova to fully exercise his/her functional duties for more than 60 days;
g) solves the pleas of unconstitutionality of legal acts, as claimed by the Supreme Court of Justice;
h) decides over matters dealing with the constitutionality of a party.
(2) The Constitutional Court carries out its activity on the initiative brought forward by the subjects provided for by the Law on the Constitutional Court. (Art. 135) - Moldovian
(1) Curtea Constituţională:
a) exercită, la sesizare, controlul constituţionalităţii legilor şi hotărîrilor Parlamentului, a decretelor Preşedintelui Republicii Moldova, a hotărîrilor şi ordonanţelor Guvernului, precum şi a tratatelor internaţionale la care Republica Moldova este parte;
b) interpretează Constituţia;
c) se pronunţă asupra iniţiativelor de revizuirea Constituţiei;
d) confirmă rezultatele referendumurilor republicane;
e) confirmă rezultatele alegerii Parlamentului şi a Preşedintelui Republicii Moldova;
f) constată circumstanţele care justifică dizolvarea Parlamentului, demiterea Preşedintelui Republicii Moldova sau interimatul funcţiei de Preşedinte, precum şi imposibilitatea Preşedintelui Republicii Moldova de a-şi exercita atribuţiile mai mult de 60 de zile;
g) rezolvă cazurile excepţionale de neconstituţionalitate a actelor juridice, sesizate de Curtea Supremă de Justiţie;
h) hotărăşte asupra chestiunilor care au ca obiect constituţionalitatea unui partid.
(2) Curtea Constituţională îşi desfăşoară activitatea din iniţiativa subiecţilor prevăzuţi de Legea cu privire la Curtea Constituţională. (Art. 135)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishAny person [particulier] can, either directly, or by the procedure of the plea [exception] of unconstitutionality invoked before a jurisdiction in a matter that concerns him, refer the Constitutional Court to [a matter] concerning the constitutionality of the laws and of the treaties.
In the case of [a] plea of unconstitutionality, the referred jurisdiction postpones [its] decision and grants [impartit] the petitioner a time period of one (1) month from the notification of the decision to refer [the matter] to the Constitutional Court. (Art. 180) - FrenchTout particulier peut, soit directement, soit par la procédure de l’exception d’inconstitutionnalité invoquée devant une juridiction dans une affaire qui le concerne, saisir la Cour constitutionnelle sur la constitutionnalité des lois et des traités.
En cas d’exception d’inconstitutionnalité, la juridiction saisie surseoit à statuer et impartit au requérant un délai d’un (1) mois à partir de la signification de sa décision pour saisir la Cour constitutionnelle. (Art. 180)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) Every person has the right to institute court proceedings, claiming that this Constitution has been contravened, or is threatened with contravention.
(2) In addition to a person acting in their own interest, court proceedings under clause (1) may be instituted by—
(a) a person acting on behalf of another person who cannot act in their own name;
(b) a person acting as a member of, or in the interest of, a group or class of persons;
(c) a person acting in the public interest; or
(d) an association acting in the interest of one or more of its members. (Art. 258) - Swahili(1) Kila mtu ana haki ya kufungua kesi mahakamani, akidai kwamba Katiba hii imevunjwa, au inatishiwa kuvunjwa.
(2) Pamoja na mtu kufanya kwa maslahi yake binafsi, kesi za mahakamani chini ya ibara ya (1) zinaweza kufunguliwa na-
(a) mtu anayechukua hatua kwa niaba ya mtu mwingine ambaye hawezi kuchukua hatua kwa jina lake;
(b) mtu anayechukua hatua kama mshiriki, au kwa maslahi ya kikundi au tabaka la watu;
(c) mtu anayechukua hatua kwa maslahi ya umma; au
(d) chama kinachochukua hatua kwa maslahi ya mwanachama wake mmoja au zaidi. (Kifungu cha 258)