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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Employment Rights and Protection
Bangladesh
- EnglishSubject to any restrictions imposed by law, every citizen possessing such qualifications, if any, as may be prescribed by law in relation to his profession, occupation, trade or business shall have the right to enter upon any lawful profession or occupation, and to conduct any lawful trade or business. (Art. 40)
- Bengaliআইনের দ্বারা আরোপিত বাধানিষেধ-সাপেক্ষে কোন পেশা বা বৃত্তি-গ্রহণের কিংবা কারবার বা ব্যবসায়-পরিচালনার জন্য আইনের দ্বারা কোন যোগ্যতা নির্ধারিত হইয়া থাকিলে অনুরূপ যোগ্যতাসম্পন্ন প্রত্যেক নাগরিকের যে কোন আইনসঙ্গত পেশা বা বৃত্তি-গ্রহণের এবং যে কোন আইনসঙ্গত কারবার বা ব্যবসায়-পরিচালনার অধিকার থাকিবে। (অনুচ্ছেদ ৪০)
Employment Rights and Protection
Hungary
- English…
(3) Every employee shall have the right to working conditions which ensure respect for his or her health, safety and dignity.
(4) Every employee shall have the right to daily and weekly rest periods and to a period of annual paid leave. (Freedom and Responsibility, Art. XVII) - Hungarian...
(3) Minden munkavállalónak joga van az egészségét, biztonságát és méltóságát tiszteletben tartó munkafeltételekhez.
(4) Minden munkavállalónak joga van a napi és heti pihenõidõhöz, valamint az éves fizetett szabadsághoz. (Szabadság és Felelősség, XVII. cikk)
Employment Rights and Protection
Equatorial Guinea
- English1. Every citizen enjoys the following rights and freedoms:
…
l) To the freedom to work.
… (Art. 13) - Spanish1. Todo ciudadano goza de los siguientes derechos y libertades:
…
l) A la libertad de trabajo.
… (Art. 13) - French1. Tout citoyen jouit des droits et libertés qui suivent :
…
l) La liberté de travailler.
… (Art. 13)
Employment Rights and Protection
China
- English…
The State protects the rights and interests of women, applies the principle of equal pay for equal work to men and women alike and trains and selects cadres from among women. (Art. 48) - Chinese…
国家保护妇女的权利和利益,实行男女同工同酬,培养和选拔妇女干部。 (第四十八条)
Employment Rights and Protection
Cuba
- EnglishThe State guarantees the right to safety and health at work through the adoption of suitable means to prevent work-related accidents or illnesses.
Any person who suffers an accident during their labor or contracts a work-related illness has the right to medical attention, subsidy, or pension in the case of a temporary or permanent incapacity to work, or to other forms of social security protection. (Art. 69) - SpanishEl Estado garantiza el derecho a la seguridad y salud en el trabajo mediante la adopción de medidas adecuadas para la prevención de accidentes y enfermedades profesionales.
La persona que sufre un accidente de trabajo o contrae una enfermedad profesional tiene derecho a la atención médica, a subsidio o jubilación en los casos de incapacidad temporal o permanente de trabajo o a otras formas de protección de la seguridad social. (Art. 69)
Employment Rights and Protection
India
- English(1) There shall be equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State.
(2) No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, descent, place of birth, residence or any of them, be ineligible for, or discriminated against in respect of, any employment or office under the State.
(3) Nothing in this article shall prevent Parliament from making any law prescribing, in regard to a class or classes of employment or appointment to an office under the Government of, or any local or other authority within, a State or Union territory, any requirement as to residence within that State or Union territory prior to such employment or appointment.
(4) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any backward class of citizens which, in the opinion of the State, is not adequately represented in the services under the State.
…
(6) Nothing in this article shall prevent the State from making any provision for the reservation of appointments or posts in favour of any economically weaker sections of citizens other than the classes mentioned in clause (4), in addition to the existing reservation and subject to a maximum of ten per cent. of the posts in each category. (Art. 16) - Hindi(1) राज्य के अधीन किसी पद पर नियोजन या नियुक्ति से संबंधित विषयों में सभी नागरिकों के लिए अवसर की समता होगी।
(2) राज्य के अधीन किसी नियोजन या पद के संबंध में केवल धर्म, मूलवंश, जाति, लिंग, उद्भव, जन्मस्थान, निवास या इनमें से किसी के आधार पर न तो कोई नागरिक अपात्र होगा और न उससे विभेद किया जाएगा।
(3) इस अनुच्छेद की कोई बात संसद को कोई ऐसी विधि बनाने से निवारित नहीं करेगी जो किसी राज्य या संघ राज्य क्षेत्र की सरकार के या उसमें के किसी स्थानीय या अन्य प्राधिकारी के अधीन वाले किसी वर्ग या वर्गों के पद पर नियोजन या नियुक्ति के संबंध में ऐसे नियोजन या नियुक्ति से पहले उस राज्य या संघ राज्य क्षेत्र के भीतर निवास विषयक कोई अपेक्षा विहित करती है।
(4) इस अनुच्छेद की कोई बात राज्य को पिछड़े हुए नागरिकों के किसी वर्ग के पक्ष में, जिनका प्रतिनिधित्व राज्य की राय में राज्य के अधीन सेवाओं में पर्याप्त नहीं है, नियुक्तियों या पदों के आरक्षण के लिए उपबंध करने से निवारित नहीं करेगी।
...
(6) इस अनुच्छेद की कोई बात राज्य को खंड (4) में उल्लिखित वर्गों के अतिरिक्त किन्हीं आर्थिक रूप से कमजोर वर्गों के पक्ष में वर्तमान आरक्षण के अतिरिक्त और प्रत्येक श्रेणी में पदों के अधिकतम दस प्रतिशत के शर्ताधीन नियुक्तियों अथवा पदों में आरक्षण का कोई प्रावधान करने से निवारित नहीं करेगी। (अनुच्छेद 16)
Employment Rights and Protection
India
- English...
(23) Social security and social insurance; employment and unemployment.
(24) Welfare of labour including conditions of work, provident funds, employers' liability, workmen's compensation, invalidity and old age pensions and maternity benefits.
... (Seventh Schedule: List III – Concurrent List) - Hindi...
(23) सामाजिक सुरक्षा और सामाजिक बीमा; रोजगार और बेरोजगारी।
(24) काम की स्थितियों, भविष्य निधि, नियोक्ता की ज़िम्मेदारी, कार्मिक की प्रतिपूर्ति, असमर्थता तथा वृद्धावस्था पेंशन और प्रसूति लाभों सहित श्रमिकों का कल्याण।
...(सातवीं अनुसूची: सूची III – समवर्ती सूची)
Employment Rights and Protection
Malta
- English(1) The maximum number of hours of work per day shall be fixed by law.
(2) The worker is entitled to a weekly day of rest and to annual holidays with pay; he cannot renounce this right. (Art. 13) - Maltese(1) L-akbar numru ta’ siegħat tax-xogħol kull jum għandu jkun stabbilit mil-liġi.
(2) Il-ħaddiem għandu dritt għal ġurnata mistrieħ fil-ġimgħa u għal btajjel annwali bi ħlas; huwa ma jistax jirrinunzja għal dan id-dritt. (Art. 13)
Employment Rights and Protection
Guinea-Bissau
- English1. Workers have a right to protection, security and hygiene at work.
2. The worker can only be dismissed in the cases and terms established by law; dismissal for political or ideological motives is prohibited.
3. The State will gradually establish a system capable of guaranteeing workers social security pensions in old age, in sickness or when incapacitated. (Art. 46) - Portuguese1 - Aquele que trabalha tem direito à protecção, segurança e higiene no trabalho.
2 - O trabalhador só pode ser despedido nos casos e termos previstos na lei, sendo proibidos os despedimentos por motivos políticos ou ideológicos.
3 - O Estado criará gradualmente um sistema capaz de garantir ao trabalhador segurança social na velhice, na doença ou quando lhe ocorra incapacidade de trabalho. (Art. 46)
Employment Rights and Protection
El Salvador
- EnglishThe law will regulate the conditions that must be met by workshops, factories, and work sites [locales].
The State will maintain a technical inspection service in charge of [encargado] seeing that the legal norms of labor, assistance, pension, and social security are strictly complied with, in order to verify their results and to suggest the pertinent reforms. (Art. 44) - SpanishLa ley reglamentará las condiciones que deban reunir los talleres, fábricas y locales de trabajo.
El Estado mantendrá un servicio de inspección técnica encargado de velar por el fiel cumplimiento de las normas legales de trabajo, asistencia, previsión y seguridad social, a fin de comprobar sus resultados y sugerir las reformas pertinentes. (Art. 44)