SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Employment Rights and Protection
- English1. The following shall be within the joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and constituent entities of the Russian Federation:
…
j. … labour,
… (Art. 72) - Russian1. В совместном ведении Российской Федерации и субъектов Российской Федерации находятся:
...
к) … трудовое,
... (Статья 72)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishThe law guarantees stability for workers in their jobs, in accordance with the characteristics of industries and professions, and just causes of severance. Whenever an injustifiable discharge occurs upon final judgment, the worker shall be entitled at his option to compensation for unpaid wages damages, and to the legal indemnity as well as the indemnity agreed to, or else to be reinstated with recognition of unpaid wages, as actual and consequential damages. (Art. 129)
- SpanishLa Ley garantiza la estabilidad de los trabajadores en sus empleos, de acuerdo con las características de las industrias y profesiones, y las justas causas de separación. Cuando el despido injustificado surta efecto y firme que sea, la sentencia condenatoria respectiva, el trabajador tendrá derecho a su elección, a una remuneración en concepto de salarios dejados de percibir, a título de daños y perjuicios, y a las indemnizaciones legales y convencionalmente previstas; o, a que se le reintegre al trabajo con el reconocimiento de salarios dejados de percibir, a título de daños y perjuicios. (Art. 129)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English
...
– Work is a right and an honour. Every citizen may practise the work he chooses for himself within the limits of the law. No citizen may be forced to work except by virtue of a law, in performance of public service, for a specific period of time, and for fair remuneration. The state shall enact laws that protect the worker and the employer, govern their relationship, and provide conditions for occupational security, safety, and health.
... (Art. 15) - Arabic
...
– العمل حق وشرف، ولكل مواطن ممارسة العمل الذي يختاره لنفسه في حدود القانون، ولا يجوز إلزام أي مواطن بالعمل جبرا إلا بمقتضى قانون، ولأداء خدمة عامة، ولمدة محددة، وبمقابل عادل، وتسن الدولة القوانين التي تحمي العامل وصاحب العمل وتنظم العلاقة بينهما وتوفر شروط الأمن والسلامة والصحة المهنية.
... (المادّة ١٥)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English
Everyone has the right to work and the right to seek [prétendre] employment. No one may be impeded in their work for reason of their origins, of their sex, of their opinions, of their political choices or of their beliefs. The worker may affiliate with a union and defend their rights through union action.
Any discrimination between men and women in employment, salary and taxation [impôt] is forbidden.
...
Every worker participates, by the intermediary of his delegates, in the determination of the conditions of work in the enterprise. The State sees to sanitary and humane conditions in the places of work.
Specific laws [lois particulières] establish the conditions of assistance and of protection which the State and the enterprise accord to workers. (Art. 25) - French
Chacun a le droit de travailler et le droit de prétendre à un emploi. Nul ne peut être lésé dans son travail en raison de ses origines, de son sexe, de ses opinions, de ses choix politiques ou de ses croyances. Le travailleur peut adhérer à un syndicat et défendre ses droits par l'action syndicale.
Toute discrimination entre l'homme et la femme devant l'emploi, le salaire et l'impôt est interdite.
...
Tout travailleur participe, par l'intermédiaire de ses délégués, à la détermination des conditions de travail dans l'entreprise. L'Etat veille aux conditions sanitaires et humaines dans les lieux de travail.
Des lois particulières fixent les conditions d'assistance et de protection que l'Etat et l'entreprise accordent aux travailleurs. (Art. 25)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishThe public authorities shall maintain a public Social Security system for all citizens which will guarantee adequate social assistance and benefits in situations of hardship, especially in cases of unemployment.
... (Sec. 41) - SpanishLos poderes públicos mantendrán un régimen público de Seguridad Social para todos los ciudadanos, que garantice la asistencia y prestaciones sociales suficientes ante situaciones de necesidad, especialmente en caso de desempleo.
… (Art. 41)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishRules of periodic adjustment of the minimum salary or wage of the worker shall be set by law, to cover the normal requirements of his/her family, to improve worker's standard of living according to specific conditions of each economic region and activity. The law may also determine the method of fixing minimum salaries or wages for professions or trades.
Whenever job or piece work is performed, it is obligatory that the minimum wage be ensured for each day's work.
The minimum of all wages or salaries is un-attachable, except for support obligations as established by law. Working tools of the workmen are also un-attachable. (Art. 66) - SpanishLa Ley establecerá la manera de ajustar periódicamente el salario o sueldo mínimo del trabajador, con el fin de cubrir las necesidades normales de su familia, mejorar su nivel de vida, según las condiciones particulares de cada región y de cada actividad económica; podrá determinar asimismo el método para fijar salarios o sueldos mínimos por profesión u oficio.
En los trabajos por tarea o pieza, es obligatorio que quede asegurado el salario mínimo por pieza o jornada.
El mínimo de todo salario o sueldo es inembargable, salvo las obligaciones alimenticias en la forma que establezca la Ley. Son también inembargables los instrumentos de labor de los trabajadores. (Art. 66)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English...
3. The State shall … work on developing human resources and protecting the labor force in a way that serves the national economy. (Art. 13) - Arabic...
3تكفل الدولة حماية المنتجين والمستھلكين وترعى التجارة والإستثمار وتمنع الإحتكار في مختلف المجالات الإقتصادية وتعمل على تطوير الطاقات البشرية وتحمي قوة العمل، بما يخدم الإقتصاد الوطن ي (المادّة 13)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English(1) The state authority shall make appropriate provisions for the realization of a person’s right to work, … Without prejudice to those rights, the state authority shall make provisions to ensure that every person earns his livelihood.
... (Art. 11)
Employment Rights and Protection
- EnglishNothing in section 22 shall prevent restrictions imposed by an employer—
(a) on the employment of any person who is married to, or in a civil union or in a de facto relationship with, or who is a relative of, another employee if—
(i) there would be a reporting relationship between them; or
(ii) there is a risk of collusion between them to the detriment of the employer; or
(b) on the employment of any person who is married to, or in a civil union or in a de facto relationship with, or who is a relative of, an employee of another employer if there is a risk of collusion between them to the detriment of that person’s employer. (Human Rights Act 1993, Sec. 32)
Employment Rights and Protection
- English1. Every person has the right to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.
2. The exercise of this right may be subject to such formalities, conditions or restrictions as are prescribed by law and relate exclusively to the qualifications usually required for the exercise of any profession or are necessary only in the interests of the security of the Republic or the constitutional order or the public safety or the public order or the public health or the public morals or for the protection of the rights and liberties guaranteed by this Constitution to any person or in the public interest:
Provided that no such formalities, conditions or restrictions purporting to be in the public interest shall be prescribed by a law if such formality, condition or restriction is contrary to the interests of either Community.
… (Art. 25) - Greek1. Έκαστος έχει το δικαίωμα να ασκή οιονδήποτε επάγγελμα ή να επιδίδεται εις οιανδήποτε απασχόλησιν, εμπόριον ή επικερδή εργασίαν.
2. Η άσκησις του δικαιώματος τούτου δύναται να υπαχθή εις τους υπό του νόμου τιθεμένους όρους, περιορισμούς ή διατυπώσεις, αναφερομένους αποκλειστικώς εις τα συνήθως απαιτούμενα διά την άσκησιν οιουδήποτε επαγγέλματος προσόντα ή οίτινες είναι απαραίτητοι μόνον προς το συμφέρον της ασφαλείας της Δημοκρατίας ή της συνταγματικής τάξεως ή της δημοσίας ασφαλείας ή της δημοσίας τάξεως ή της δημοσίας υγιείας ή των δημοσίων ηθών ή της προστασίας των δικαιωμάτων και ελευθεριών των ηγγυημένων υπό του Συντάγματος εις οιονδήποτε πρόσωπον ή προς το δημόσιον συμφέρον υπό τον όρον ότι διατυπώσεις, όροι και περιορισμοί δεν θα τίθενται διά νόμου κατ’ επίκλησιν του δημοσίου συμφέροντος εφ’ όσον είναι αντίθετοι προς τα συμφέροντα εκατέρας κοινότητος.
… (Αρθρον 25) - Turkish1. Her şahıs; herhangi bir meslek, sanat, ticaret veya iş ile meşgul olma hakkına sahiptir.
2. Bu hakkın kullanılması, münhasıran bir mesleğin yürütülmesinde genellikle gerekli vasıflara dair ya da yalnız Cumhuriyet güvenliği veya anayasal düzen veya kamu güvenliği veya kamu düzeni veya kamu sağlığı veya kamu ahlakı yararına veya bu Anayasanın herhangi bir şahsa sağladığı hak ve hürriyetlerin korunması veya kamu yararı için kanunla düzenlenen formalitelere, şartlara veya kısıtlamalara tabi tutulabilir:
Ancak bir formalite, şart veya kısıtlama, iki Cemaatten herhangi birinin menfaatlerine aykırı ise böyle bir formalite, şart veya kısıtlama kamu yararına olduğu iddiasıyla kanunla düzenlenemez.
... (Madde 25)