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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishThe state shall guarantee equal opportunities for all citizens in the fields of political, economic, social and cultural activities and shall enact the necessary laws for the realization thereof. (Art. 24)
- Arabicتكفل الدولة تكافؤ الفرص لجميع المواطنين سياسياً واقتصادياً واجتماعياً وثقافياً وتصدر القوانين لتحقيق ذلك. (المادّة 24)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English…
3. Everyone shall have duties with regard to the family, society, the state and other legally recognised institutions, in particular:
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b) To respect and be considerate of others without discrimination of any kind and to maintain relations that promote, safeguard and reinforce mutual respect and tolerance. (Art. 22) - Portuguese...
3. Todos têm deveres para com a família, a sociedade e o Estado e outras instituições legalmente reconhecidas e, em especial, o dever de:
...
b) Respeitar e considerar os seus semelhantes sem discriminação de espécie alguma e manter com eles relações que permitam promover, salvaguardar e reforçar o respeito e a tolerância recíprocos. (Art. 22)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English
Each Beninese has the duty of respect for and consideration of his fellow [man] without any discrimination and of maintaining with others relations that permit the safeguarding, the reinforcing, and the promotion of reciprocal respect, dialogue and tolerance with a view to peace and to national cohesion. (Art. 36)
- French
Chaque béninois a le devoir de respecter et de considérer son semblable sans discrimination aucune et d'entretenir avec les autres des relations qui permettent de sauvegarder, de renforcer et de promouvoir le respect, le dialogue et la tolérance réciproque en vue de la paix et de la cohésion nationale. (Art. 36)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English(1) The State social order is founded on ideals of Freedom, Equality and Justice.
(2) In furtherance of the social order –
(a) every citizen shall have equality of rights, obligations and opportunities before the law;
… (Sec. 17)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English(1) Subject to subsections (4), (5) and (7), no law shall make any provision that is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
(2) Subject to subsections (6), (7), (8) and (9), a person shall not be treated in a discriminatory manner by any person acting by virtue of any written law or in the performance of the functions of any public office or any public authority.
(3) In this section the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, place of origin, birth out of wedlock, political opinions or affiliations, colour, sex or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject or are accorded privileges or advantages that are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision
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(c) for the application, in the case of persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) (or of persons connected with such persons) of the law with respect to adoption, marriage, divorce, burial, devolution of property on death or other like matters that is the personal law of persons of that description; or
(d) whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) may be subjected to any disability or restriction or may be accorded any privilege or advantage that, having regard to its nature and to special circumstances pertaining to those persons or to persons of any other such description, is reasonably justifiable in a democratic society.
(5) Nothing contained in any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of subsection (1) to the extent that it makes provision with respect to standards or qualifications (not being standards or qualifications specifically relating to race, place of origin, birth out of wedlock, political opinions or affiliations, colour, creed or sex) to be required of any person who is appointed to or to act in any office under the Crown, any office in the service of a local government authority or any office in a body corporate established by law for public purposes.
(6) Subsection (2) shall not apply to anything that is expressly or by necessary implication authorised to be done by any such provision of law as is referred to in subsection (4) or (5).
(7) Nothing contained in or done under the authority of any law shall be held to be inconsistent with or in contravention of subsection (1) or (2) to the extent that the law in question makes provision whereby persons of any such description as is mentioned in subsection (3) may be subjected to any restriction on the rights and freedoms guaranteed by sections 9, 11, 12, 13 and 14, being such a restriction as is authorised by section 9(2), 11(5), 12(2) or 13(2) or, as the case may be, paragraph (a), (b), or (h) of section 14(3).
(8) Nothing in subsection (2) shall affect any discretion relating to the institution, conduct or discontinuance of civil or criminal proceedings in any court that is vested in any person by or under any law.
(9) Nothing in subsection (2) shall apply in relation to the exercise of any function vested in any person or authority by any of the provisions of this Constitution except sections 78(1), 79(2), 80(1), 81(1), 82(1), 83 and 85 (which relate to the appointment etc. of public officers). (Sec. 15)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishThe Supreme Court of the Republic of Croatia, as the highest court of law, shall ensure the uniform application of laws and equality of all before the law.
… (Art. 116) - CroatianVrhovni sud Republike Hrvatske, kao najviši sud, osigurava jedinstvenu primjenu prava i ravnopravnost svih u njegovoj primjeni.
… (Članak 116)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishEvery individual shall have the duty to respect and show consideration for his or her peers, without any discrimination whatsoever, and to maintain with them relations that permit the promotion, safeguard and the strengthening of mutual respect and tolerance. (Art. 84)
- PortugueseTodo o indivíduo tem o dever de respeitar e considerar os seus semelhantes, sem discriminação de espécie alguma, e de manter com eles relações que permitam promover, salvaguardar e reforçar o respeito e a tolerância recíprocas. (Art. 84)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English(1) The Social Order of the State shall be founded on the ideals of Freedom, Equality and Justice.
(2) In furtherance of the Social Order—
a. every citizen shall have equality of rights, obligations, and opportunities before the law, and the State shall ensure that every citizen has an equal right and access to all opportunities and benefits based on merit;
…
c. the Government shall secure and maintain the independence, impartiality and integrity of courts of law and unfettered access thereto, and to this end shall ensure that the operation of the legal system promotes justice on the basis of equal opportunity, and that opportunities for securing justice are not denied any citizen by reason of economic or other disability.
… (Sec. 8)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- EnglishThe Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela is irrevocably free and independent, basing its moral property and values of freedom, equality, justice and international peace on the doctrine of Simon Bolivar, the Liberator. … (Art. 1)
- SpanishLa República Bolivariana de Venezuela es irrevocablemente libre e independiente y fundamenta su patrimonio moral y sus valores de libertad, igualdad, justicia y paz internacional, en la doctrina de Simón Bolívar, el Libertador. … (Art. 1)
Equality and Non-Discrimination
- English(1) All persons shall be equal before the law.
(2) Men and women shall have equal rights. The state shall promote the actual implementation of equal rights for women and men and take steps to eliminate disadvantages that now exist.
(3) No person shall be favoured or disfavoured because of sex, parentage, race, language, homeland and origin, faith, or religious or political opinions. No person shall be disfavoured because of disability. (Art. 3) - German(1) Alle Menschen sind vor dem Gesetz gleich.
(2) Männer und Frauen sind gleichberechtigt. Der Staat fördert die tatsächliche Durchsetzung der Gleichberechtigung von Frauen und Männern und wirkt auf die Beseitigung bestehender Nachteile hin.
(3) Niemand darf wegen seines Geschlechtes, seiner Abstammung, seiner Rasse, seiner Sprache, seiner Heimat und Herkunft, seines Glaubens, seiner religiösen oder politischen Anschauungen benachteiligt oder bevorzugt werden. Niemand darf wegen seiner Behinderung benachteiligt werden. (Art. 3)