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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Judicial Protection
Monaco
- EnglishA.- In constitutional matters, the Supreme Court rules in sovereign fashion over:
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2°) appeals on petitions for annulment, petitions to review validity and actions for damages arising from violations of these rights and freedoms prescribed in chapter III4 of the Constitution, and which are not referred to in subsection B of the present article.
… (Art. 90) - FrenchA. - En matière constitutionnelle, le Tribunal Suprême statue souverainement :
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2°) sur les recours en annulation, en appréciation de validité et en indemnité ayant pour objet une atteinte aux libertés et droits consacrés par le Titre III de la Constitution, et qui ne sont pas visés au paragraphe B du présent article.
… (Art. 90)
Judicial Protection
Namibia
- English…
(2) The Supreme Court shall be presided over by the Chief Justice and shall hear and adjudicate upon appeals emanating from the High Court, including appeals which involve the interpretation, implementation and upholding of this Constitution and the fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed thereunder. The Supreme Court shall also deal with matters referred to it for decision by the Attorney-General under this Constitution, and with such other matters as may be authorised by Act of Parliament.
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(4) The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court with regard to appeals shall be determined by Act of Parliament. (Art. 79)
Judicial Protection
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. The Action for Constitutional Protection shall be presented by the person who believes him or herself affected, by another with sufficient power to act in his or her name, or by the corresponding authority pursuant to the Constitution, to any judge or competent court, provided that there is no other existing means or legal recourse for the immediate protection of the rights and guarantees that have been restricted, suppressed or threatened.
… (Art. 129) - SpanishI. La Acción de Amparo Constitucional se interpondrá por la persona que se crea afectada, por otra a su nombre con poder suficiente o por la autoridad correspondiente de acuerdo con la Constitución, ante cualquier juez o tribunal competente, siempre que no exista otro medio o recurso legal para la protección inmediata de los derechos y garantías restringidos, suprimidos o amenazados.
... (Art. 129)
Judicial Protection
Serbia
- English
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Everyone shall have the right to an appeal or other legal remedy against any decision on his rights, obligations or lawful interests. (Art. 36) - Serbian Cyrillic
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Свако има право на жалбу или друго правно средство против одлуке којом се одлучује о његовом праву, обавези или на закону заснованом интересу. (Члан 36)
Judicial Protection
South Africa
- English...
(2) A provision of the Bill of Rights binds a natural or a juristic person if, and to the extent that, it is applicable, taking into account the nature of the right and the nature of any duty imposed by the right.
(3) When applying a provision of the Bill of Rights to a natural or juristic person in terms of subsection (2), a court-
(a) in order to give effect to a right in the Bill, must apply, or if necessary develop, the common law to the extent that legislation does not give effect to that right; and
(b) may develop rules of the common law to limit the right, provided that the limitation is in accordance with section 36 (1).
… (Sec. 8)
Judicial Protection
Dominica
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of section 40(7) of this Constitution, an appeal shall lie from decisions of the High Court to the Court of Appeal as of right in the following cases:
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(b) final decisions given in exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on the High Court by section 16 of this Constitution (which relates to the enforcement of the fundamental rights and freedoms).
… (Sec. 105)
Judicial Protection
Spain
- English(1) The following are entitled to:
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b) Lodge an individual appeal for protection (recurso de amparo): any individual or body corporate with a legitimate interest, as well as the Defender of the People and the Public Prosecutor's Office.
... (Sec. 162) - Spanish1. Están legitimados:
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b) Para interponer el recurso de amparo, toda persona natural o jurídica que invoque un interés legítimo, así como el Defensor del Pueblo y el Ministerio Fiscal.
... (Art. 162)
Judicial Protection
Tunisia
- EnglishThe judiciary is independent. It ensures the administration of justice, the supremacy of the Constitution, the sovereignty of the law, and the protection of rights and freedoms. … (Art. 102)
- Arabicالقضاء سلطة مستقلة تضمن إقامة العدل، وعلوية الدستور، وسيادة القانون، وحماية الحقوق والحرّيات. ... (الفصل 102)
- FrenchLa magistrature est un pouvoir indépendant, qui garantit l’instauration de la justice, la suprématie de la Constitution, la souveraineté de la loi et la protection des droits et libertés.
… (Art. 102)
Judicial Protection
Grenada
- English(1) If any person alleges that any of the provisions of sections 2 to 15 (inclusive)4 of this Constitution has been, is being or is likely to be contravened in relation to him (or, in the case of a person who is detained, if any other person alleges such a contravention in relation to the detained person), then without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available, that person (or that other person) may apply to the High Court for redress.
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction-
(a) to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of subsection (1) of this section; and
(b) to determine any question arising in the case of any person which is referred to it in pursuance of subsection (3) of this section and may make such declarations or orders, issue such writs and give such direction as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of section 2 to 15 (inclusive) of this Constitution:
Provided that the High Court may decline to exercise its powers under this subsection if it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the contravention alleged are or have been available to the person concerned under any other law.
(3) If in any proceedings in any court (other than the Court of Appeal, the High Court or a court martial) any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of section 2 to 15 (inclusive) of this Constitution, the person presiding in that court may, and shall if any party to the proceedings so request, refer the question to the High Court unless, in his opinions, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
(4) Where any question is referred to the High Court in pursuance of subsection (3) of this section, the High Court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision or, if that decision is the subject of an appeal to the Court of Appeal or to Her Majesty in Council, in accordance with the decision of the Court of Appeal or, as the case may be, of Her Majesty in Council.
(5) Parliament may confer upon the High Court such powers in addition to those conferred by this section as may appear to be necessary or desirable for the purpose of enabling that court more effectively to exercise the jurisdiction conferred upon it by this section.
(6) The Chief Justice may make rules with respect to the practice and procedure of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction and powers conferred on it by or under this section (including rules with respect to the time within which applications may be brought and references shall be made to the High Court). (Sec. 16)
Judicial Protection
New Zealand
- EnglishThis Bill of Rights applies only to acts done—
(a) by the legislative, executive, or judicial branches of the Government of New Zealand;
… (Bill of Rights Act 1990, Sec. 3)