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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
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The basic issues need the consent of two-thirds of the Government members, as specified in the decree of its formation. The following are basic issues: Amending the Constitution, declaring and canceling the state of emergency, war and peace, public mobilization, international accords and treaties, state budget, overall development plans, and long term, appointing employees of the first cadre and its equivalent, reconsidering the redistricting, dissolving the Chamber of Deputies, elections law, nationality law, personal affairs laws, dismissing the Ministers. (Art. 65) - Arabic
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القضايا الأساسية تحتاج إلى موافقة ثلثي أعضاء الحكومة ، على النحو المحدد في مرسوم تشكيلها. فيما يلي القضايا الأساسية: تعديل الدستور ، وإعلان وإلغاء حالة الطوارئ ، والحرب والسلام ، والتعبئة العامة ، والاتفاقيات والمعاهدات الدولية ، وميزانية الدولة ، وخطط التنمية الشاملة ، وطويلة الأجل ، وتعيين موظفين من الكادر الأول وما يعادله وإعادة النظر في إعادة تقسيم وحل مجلس النواب وقانون الانتخابات وقانون الجنسية وقوانين الأحوال الشخصية وعزل الوزراء. (المادة 65)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishWhereas every person in Kiribati is entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever his race, place of origin, political opinions, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others or the public interest, ... the provision of this Chapter shall have effect for the purpose of affording protection to those rights and freedoms subject to such limitations on that protection as are contained in those provisions, being limitations designed to ensure that the enjoyment of the said rights and freedoms by any individual does not prejudice the rights and freedoms of others or the public interest. (Sec. 3)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishAll persons have the right to an action of amparo in order to demand before the courts, for themselves or by those who act in their name, immediate protection of their fundamental rights, not protected by habeas corpus, when they are violated or threatened by the action or omission of any public authority or of individuals, in order put into effect the fulfillment of a law or administrative act and in order to guarantee collective and diffuse rights and interests. In accordance with the law, the proceeding is preferential, summary, oral, public, free, and not subject to formalities.
Paragraph
The acts adopted during the States of Exception that violate protected rights that unreasonably cause suspended rights are subject to actions of amparo. (Art. 72) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho a una acción de amparo para reclamar ante los tribunales, por sí o por quien actúe en su nombre, la protección inmediata de sus derechos fundamentales, no protegidos por el hábeas corpus, cuando resulten vulnerados o amenazados por la acción o la omisión de toda autoridad pública o de particulares, para hacer efectivo el cumplimiento de una ley o acto administrativo, para garantizar los derechos e intereses colectivos y difusos. De conformidad con la ley, el procedimiento es preferente, sumario, oral, público, gratuito y no sujeto a formalidades.
Párrafo.- Los actos adoptados durante los Estados de Excepción que vulneren derechos protegidos que afecten irrazonablemente derechos suspendidos están sujetos a la acción de amparo. (Art. 72)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe exercise of rights shall be governed by the following principles:
1. Rights can be exercised, promoted and enforced individually or collectively before competent authorities; these authorities shall guarantee their enforcement.
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3. The rights and guarantees set forth in the Constitution and in international human rights instruments shall be directly and immediately enforced by and before any civil, administrative or judicial servant, either by virtue of their office or at the request of the party.
For the exercise of rights and constitutional guarantees, no conditions or requirements shall be established other than those set forth in the Constitution or by law.
Rights shall be fully actionable. Absence of a legal regulatory framework cannot be alleged to justify their infringement or ignorance thereof, to dismiss proceedings filed as a result of these actions or to deny their recognition.
4. No legal regulation can restrict the contents of rights or constitutional guarantees.
… (Art. 11) - SpanishEI ejercicio de los derechos se regirá por los siguientes principios:
1. Los derechos se podrán ejercer, promover y exigir de forma individual o colectiva ante las autoridades competentes; estas autoridades garantizarán su cumplimiento.
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3. Los derechos y garantías establecidos en la Constitución y en los instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos serán de directa e inmediata aplicación por y ante cualquier servidora o servidor público, administrativo o judicial, de oficio o a petición de parte.
Para el ejercicio de los derechos y las garantías constitucionales no se exigirán condiciones o requisitos que no estén establecidos en la Constitución o la ley.
Los derechos serán plenamente justiciables. No podrá alegarse falta de norma jurídica para justificar su violación o desconocimiento, para desechar la acción por esos hechos ni para negar su reconocimiento.
4. Ninguna norma jurídica podrá restringir el contenido de los derechos ni de las garantías constitucionales.
… (Art. 11)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishNo provision of this Constitution may be suspended save where martial laws are in force and within the limits specified by the law; however, the convening of the session of Al-Shoura Council may not be suspended neither may the immunity of its Members be violated during this period. (Art. 149)
- Arabicلا يجوز تعطيل أي حكم من أحكام هذا الدستور إلا أثناء فترة سريان الأحكام العرفية، وفي الحدود التي يبيّنها القانون ،غير أنه لا يجوز تعطيل انعقاد مجلس الشورى أو المساس بحصانة أعضائه خلال هذه الفترة. (المادّة 149)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English1. Subject to subarticle (2) regulations made by the Council of Ministers in accordance with Article 694 shall have effect notwithstanding the provisions of Chapter 2, Part I5 except that no regulation shall –
a. derogate from the right to life and the freedom from inhuman treatment and forced labour; and
b. make provision for the detention of a person without trial for more than 1 month unless such person is an enemy alien.
2. Regulations made by the Council of Ministers in accordance with Article 69 shall be such as are reasonably necessary in the circumstances of the emergency to which they relate and as are justifiable in a democratic society. (Art. 71) - French1) Sous réserve des dispositions du paragraphe 2), les règlements pris par le Conseil des Ministres en application de l'article 69 produisent leurs effets nonobstant les dispositions du Titre II, Chapitre I, dans la mesure où ils:
a) n'apportent pas de restrictions au droit à la vie et n'imposent pas des traitements inhumains ou des travaux forcés; et
b) n'autorisent pas la garde à vue des personnes pour une durée supérieure à un mois, sauf si ces personnes sont des ennemis étrangers.
2) Les règlements pris par le Conseil des Ministres en application de l'article 69 doivent être adaptés aux circonstances auxquelles ils se rapportent et rester conformes aux principes démocratiques. (Art. 71)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe National Assembly decides with the Executive Power as to what constitutional guarantees may be suspended in the parts of the territory placed under a state of siege. (Art. 278-2)
- FrenchL'Assemblée Nationale arrête avec le Pouvoir Exécutif, les Garanties Constitutionnelles qui peuvent être suspendues dans les parties du Territoire mises en état de siège. (Art. 278.2)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishFundamental rights and freedoms may be restricted only by law and in conformity with the reasons mentioned in the relevant articles of the Constitution without infringing upon their essence. These restrictions shall not be contrary to the letter and spirit of the Constitution and the requirements of the democratic order of the society and the secular republic and the principle of proportionality. (Art. 13)
- TurkishTemel hak ve hürriyetler, özlerine dokunulmaksızın yalnızca Anayasanın ilgili maddelerinde belirtilen sebeplere bağlı olarak ve ancak kanunla sınırlanabilir. Bu sınırlamalar, Anayasanın sözüne ve ruhuna, demokratik toplum düzeninin ve lâik Cumhuriyetin gereklerine ve ölçülülük ilkesine aykırı olamaz. (Madde 13)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe rights, liberties and guarantees may only be suspended in case of the declaration of a state of siege or a state of emergency, in the terms foreseen in the Constitution. (Art. 27)
- PortugueseOs direitos, liberdades e garantias só poderão ser suspensos em caso de declaração do estado de sítio ou de emergência, nos termos previstos na Constituição. (Art. 27)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe international treaties relative to human rights may only be denounced by the procedures that govern for the amendment of this Constitution. (Art. 142)
- SpanishLos tratados internacionales relativos a los derechos humanos no podrán ser denunciados sino por los procedimientos que rigen para la enmienda de esta Constitución. (Art. 142)