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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe exercise of the rights and guarantees which the Constitution assures to all persons can only be affected during the following situations of exception: external or internal war, internal commotion, [and] public emergency and [public] calamity, when the normal course of the institutions of the State are gravely affected. (Art. 39)
- SpanishEl ejercicio de los derechos y garantías que la Constitución asegura a todas las personas sólo puede ser afectado bajo las siguientes situaciones de excepción: guerra externa o interna, conmoción interior, emergencia y calamidad pública, cuando afecten gravemente el normal desenvolvimiento de las instituciones del Estado. (Art. 39)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishRights and freedoms established in the present Constitution shall not be exhaustive and shall not be interpreted as denial or derogation of other universally recognized human and civic rights and freedoms. (Art. 17)
- RussianПрава и свободы, установленные настоящей Конституцией, не являются исчерпывающими и не должны толковаться как отрицание или умаление других общепризнанных прав и свобод человека и гражданина. (Статья 17)
- KyrgyzУшул Конституцияда белгиленген укуктар менен эркиндиктер бардык жактан толук жетишерлик деп эсептелбейт жана адамдын, жарандын башка жалпы таанылган укуктары менен эркиндиктерин тануу же басмырлоо катары чечмеленбеши керек. (17-берене)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English(1) In addition to complying with section 3, when interpreting and applying this Chapter, a court, tribunal or other authority—
(a) must promote the values that underlie a democratic society based on human dignity, equality and freedom; and
(b) may, if relevant, consider international law, applicable to the protection of the rights and freedoms in this Chapter.
(2) This Chapter does not deny, or prevent the recognition of, any other right or freedom recognised or conferred by common law or written law, except to the extent that it is inconsistent with this Chapter.
(3) A law that limits a right or freedom set out in this Chapter is not invalid solely because the law exceeds the limits imposed by this Chapter if the law is reasonably capable of a more restricted interpretation that does not exceed those limits, and in that case, the law must be construed in accordance with the more restricted interpretation.
… (Sec. 7) - iTaukei(1) Ena iKuri ni veika e toqai ena tikina 3, na veigauna kece e vakamacalataki se vakayagataki kina na Wase qo, na mataveilewai, mataveivaqaqai se dua na matabose se tabacakacaka e cake—
(a) e dodonu me tutaka ka vakamacalataka na ivalavala ni bula ni tu galala e rokovi kina na bula ni tamata, duavata kei na dodonu; kei na
(b) ke yaga, me rawa ni vakasamataka tale ga na lawa levu kei vuravura e rawa ni vakayagataki ena maroroi ni dodonu kei na galala ena Wase qo.
(2) Na Wase qo e sega ni cakitaka se tarova na kena kilai na dodonu se galala e umani ena lawa raraba se lawa tabaki, vakavo ke sega ni duavata kei na lawa ena Wase qo.
(3) E dua na lawa e yalana na dodonu kei na galala e vakamacalataki ena Wase qo, e sega ni kena ibalebale ni sega na kena kaukauwa ni sa veicalati kei na iyalayala e dusimaka na Wase qo, kevaka e rawa ni vakaukauwataki na yalani ni kena vakamacalataki, me kua kina ni sivia na iyalayala e dusimaka na Wase qo. Ena tikina oya, e dodonu me vakaukauwataki na yalani ni kena ivakamacala.
… (Sec. 7)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe National Congress legislates and supervises in representation of the people. Consequently, it corresponds to it:
1. General powers in legislative matters:
…
e. To authorize the President of the Republic to declare the states of exception that this Constitution describes;
f. In the case that the national sovereignty finds itself exposed to a grave and imminent danger, the Congress may declare that a state of national defense exists, suspending the exercise of individual rights with the exception of the rights established in article 263.
… (Art. 93) - SpanishEl Congreso Nacional legisla y fiscaliza en representación del pueblo, le corresponden en consecuencia:
1) Atribuciones generales en materia legislativa:
…
e) Autorizar al Presidente de la República a declarar los estados de excepción a que se refiere esta Constitución;
f) En caso de que la soberanía nacional se encuentre expuesta a un peligro grave e inminente, el Congreso podrá declarar que existe un estado de defensa nacional, suspendiendo el ejercicio de los derechoindividuales, con excepción de los derechos establecidos en el artículo 263.
… (Art. 93)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
The President shall be the Commander-in-Chief of all armed forces of the Philippines and whenever it becomes necessary, he may call out such armed forces to prevent or suppress lawless violence, invasion or rebellion. In case of invasion or rebellion, when the public safety requires it, he may, for a period not exceeding sixty days, suspend the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus or place the Philippines or any part thereof under martial law. Within forty-eight hours from the proclamation of martial law or the suspension of the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus, the President shall submit a report in person or in writing to the Congress. The Congress, voting jointly, by a vote of at least a majority of all its Members in regular or special session, may revoke such proclamation or suspension, which revocation shall not be set aside by the President. Upon the initiative of the President, the Congress may, in the same manner, extend such proclamation or suspension for a period to be determined by the Congress, if the invasion or rebellion shall persist and public safety requires it.
The Congress, if not in session, shall, within twenty-four hours following such proclamation or suspension, convene in accordance with its rules without any need of a call.
The Supreme Court may review, in an appropriate proceeding filed by any citizen, the sufficiency of the factual basis of the proclamation of martial law or the suspension of the privilege of the writ or the extension thereof, and must promulgate its decision thereon within thirty days from its filing.
A state of martial law does not suspend the operation of the Constitution, nor supplant the functioning of the civil courts or legislative assemblies, nor authorize the conferment of jurisdiction on military courts and agencies over civilians where civil courts are able to function, nor automatically suspend the privilege of the writ.
The suspension of the privilege of the writ shall apply only to persons judicially charged for rebellion or offenses inherent in or directly connected with the invasion.
During the suspension of the privilege of the writ, any person thus arrested or detained shall be judicially charged within three days, otherwise he shall be released. (Art. VII, Sec. 18) - Filipino
Dapat maging Commander-in-Chief ng lahat ng mga sandatahang lakas ng Pilipinas ang Pangulo at, kailanma't kakailanganin, maaari niyang atasan ang nasabing mga sandatahang lakas na pigilin o sugpuin ang labag sa batas na karahasan, pananalakay, o paghihimagsik. Kung sakaling may pananalakay o paghihimagsik, kapag kakailanganin ng kaligtasang pambayan, maaaring suspindihin niya, nang hindi hihigit sa animnapung araw, ang pribilehiyo ng writ of habeas corpus o ipailalim sa batas militar ang Pilipinas o ang alin mang bahagi nito. Sa loob ng apatnapu't walong oras ng pagkapahayag ng batas militar o pagkakasuspindi ng pribilehiyo ng writ of habeas corpus, ang Pangulo ay dapat magharap ng personal o nakasulat na ulat sa Kongreso. Maaring pawalang-saysay ng Kongreso, sa magkasamang pagboto, sa pamamagitan ng boto ng mayorya man lamang ng lahat ng mga Kagawad nito sa regular o tanging sesyon o tanging sesyon, ang nasabing pagkapahayag o pakasuspindi, na hindi dapat isaisantabi ng Pangulo ang pagpapawalang-saysay na iyon. Sa pagkukusa ng Pangulo, maaaring palawigin ng Kongreso sa katulad na paraan ang nasabing pagkapahayag o pagkasuspindi sa loob ng panahong itatakda ng Kongreso kung magpapatuloy ang pananalakay o paghihimagsik at kakailanganin ng kaligtasang pambayan.
Ang Kongreso, kung walang sesyon, ay dapat magsimula ng pagpupulong sa loob ng dalawampu't apat na oras kasunod ng nasabing pagpapahayag o pagsuspindi, alinsunod sa mga alituntunin nito na hindi na nangangailangang itawag.
Maaaring ribyuhin ng Kataastaasang Hukuman, sa isang nararapat na prosiding na iniharap ng sino mang mamamayan, ang kasapatan ng pinagbatayang pangyayari sa pagpapahayag ng batas militar o pagsususpindi ng pribilehiyo ng writ o pagpapalawig niyon at kinakailangang maglagda ng pasya nito tungkol doon sa loob ng tatlumpung araw mula sa pagkaharap nito.
Ang kalagayang batas militar ay hindi sumususpindi sa pag-iral ng Konstitusyon, ni hindi pumapalit sa panunungkulan ng mga hukumang sibil o mga kapulungang tagapagbatas, ni hindi nagpapahintulot sa pagbibigay sa mga sangay at hukumang militar ng hurisdiksyon sa mga sibilyan kung ang mga hukumang sibil ay nakapanunungkulan, ni hindi kusang nagsususpindi sa pribilehiyo ng writ.
Ang pagsupindi sa pribilehiyo ng writ ay dapat sumaklaw lamang sa mga taong isinakdal sa hukuman ng paghihimagsik o ng mga pagkakasalang likas o tuwirang kaugnay sa pananalakay. Sa panahong suspindido ang pribilehiyo ng writ, ang sino mang tao na dinakip o ipiniit sa gayon ay dapat ipagsakdal sa hukuman sa loob ng tatlong araw, kung hindi, dapat siyang palayain. (Art. VII, Seksyon 18)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
Nothing in or done under a law shall be considered to be inconsistent with —
(a) section 16 (life); or
(b) section 17 (personal liberty); or
(c) section 21 (privacy of home and property); or
(d) section 23 (freedom of belief); or
(e) section 24 (freedom of expression); or
(f) section 25 (freedom of assembly and association); or
(g) section 26 (freedom of movement); or
(h) section 27 (freedom from discrimination),
to the extent that the law —
(i) makes any provision, in relation to a period of public emergency; or
(j) authorizes the doing, during any such period, of anything that is reasonably justifiable for the purpose of dealing with any situation that arises or exists during that period. (Sec. 36)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishThe declarations, rights and guarantees enumerated in this Constitution shall not be construed as a denial of other declarations, rights and guarantees not specified that spring from the national sovereignty, from the democratic and representative form of government, and from the dignity of man. (Art. 63)
- SpanishLas declaraciones, derechos y garantías que enumera esta Constitución, no serán entendidos como negación de otras declaraciones, derechos y garantías no especificadas, que nacen de la soberanía, de la forma republicana, democrática y representativa de gobierno y de la dignidad del hombre. (Art. 63)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English…
2. It is exclusively incumbent upon the National Parliament to make laws on:
…
n) The suspension of constitutional guarantees and the declaration of the state of siege and the state of emergency;
… (Sec. 95) - Tetum…
2. Parlamentu Nasionál de’it mak halo lejizlasaun kona-ba:
…
n) Suspensaun garantia konstitusionál nian no mós deklarasaun estadu serku ho tan estadu emerjénsia nian;
… (Art. 95) - Portuguese…
2. Compete exclusivamente ao Parlamento Nacional legislar sobre:
…
n) A suspensão das garantias constitucionais e a declaração do estado de sítio e do estado de emergência;
… (Art. 95)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- EnglishAny restriction of a fundamental right must be founded on a legal basis; it must be justified by the general interest or by the protection of a fundamental right of others; it must be proportionate to the specified [visé] goal. (Art. 47)
- KirundiIkintu cose kigabanya amateka ntarengwako gitegerezwa kuba gishimikiye kw’Ibwirizwa; imvo yaco igatumwa n’ineza ya bose canke ugukingira amateka ntarengwa y’abandi, kikaba gikwiranye n’ineza ironderwa. (Ingingo ya 47)
- FrenchToute restriction d’un droit fondamental doit être fondée sur une base légale; elle doit être justifiée par l’intérêt général ou par la protection d’un droit fondamental d’autrui; elle doit être proportionnée au but visé. (Art. 47)
Limitations and/or Derogations
- English
The enumeration of the rights established in this Chapter4 does not exclude others that the Constitution guarantees, nor others of analogous nature or that are based on the dignity of man, or on the principles of sovereignty of the people, of the democratic State of law and the republican form of government. (Art. 3)
- Spanish
La enumeración de los derechos establecidos en este capítulo no excluye los demás que la Constitución garantiza, ni otros de naturaleza análoga o que se fundan en la dignidad del hombre, o en los principios de soberanía del pueblo, del Estado democrático de derecho y de la forma republicana de gobierno. (Art. 3)