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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Limitations and/or Derogations
Namibia
- English(1) At a time of national disaster or during a state of national defence or public emergency threatening the life of the nation or the constitutional order, the President may by Proclamation in the Gazette declare that a state of emergency exists in Namibia or any part thereof.
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(5) (a) During a state of emergency in terms of this Article or when a state of national defence prevails, the President shall have the power by Proclamation to make such regulations as in his or her opinion are necessary for the protection of national security, public safety and the maintenance of law and order.
(b) The powers of the President to make such regulations shall include the power to suspend the operation of any rule of the common law or statute or any fundamental right or freedom protected by this Constitution, for such period and subject to such conditions as are reasonably justifiable for the purpose of dealing with the situation which has given rise to the emergency: provided that nothing in this Sub-Article shall enable the President to act contrary to the provisions of Article 24 hereof.
… (Art. 26)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
- EnglishEveryone has the right to be protected by the courts in the enjoyment and exercise of constitutional rights and guarantees, including even those inherent individual rights not expressly mentioned in this Constitution or in international instruments concerning human rights. …
The exercise of this right shall not be affected in any way by the declaration of a state of exception or restriction of constitutional guarantees. (Art. 27) - SpanishToda persona tiene derecho a ser amparada por los tribunales en el goce y ejercicio de los derechos y garantías constitucionales, aun de aquellos inherentes a la persona que no figuren expresamente en esta Constitución o en los instrumentos internacionales sobre derechos humanos. …
El ejercicio de este derecho no puede ser afectado, en modo alguno, por la declaración del estado de excepción o de la restricción de garantías constitucionales. (Art. 27)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Estonia
- EnglishRights and freedoms may only be circumscribed in accordance with the Constitution. Such circumscription must be necessary in a democratic society and may not distort the nature of the rights and freedoms circumscribed. (Sec. 11)
- EstonianÕigusi ja vabadusi tohib piirata ainult kooskõlas põhiseadusega. Need piirangud peavad olema demokraatlikus ühiskonnas vajalikud ega tohi moonutada piiratavate õiguste ja vabaduste olemust. (§ 11)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Ghana
- English...
(10) Nothing in, or done under the authority of, an Act of Parliament shall be held to be inconsistent with, or in contravention of, articles 12 to 308 of this Constitution to the extent that the Act in question authorises the taking, during any period when a state of emergency is in force, of measures that are reasonably justifiable for the purposes of dealing with the situation that exists during that period. (Art. 31)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Sierra Leone
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of subsection (4), (5), and (7), no law shall make provision which is discriminatory either of itself or in its effect.
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(3) In this section the expression “discriminatory” means affording different treatment to different persons attributable wholly or mainly to their respective descriptions by race, tribe, sex, place of origin, political opinions, colour or creed whereby persons of one such description are subjected to disabilities or restrictions to which persons of another such description are not made subject, or are accorded privileges or advantages which are not accorded to persons of another such description.
(4) Subsection (1) shall not apply to any law so far as that law makes provision—
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f. for authorising the taking during a period of public emergency of measures that are reasonably justifiable for the purpose of dealing with the situation that exists during that period of public emergency;
… (Sec. 27)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Bangladesh
- English…
(2) The State shall not make any law inconsistent with any provisions of this Part4, and any law so made shall, to the extent of such inconsistency, be void.
… (Art. 26) - Bengali…
(২) রাষ্ট্র এই ভাগের কোন বিধানের সহিত অসমঞ্জস কোন আইন প্রণয়ন করিবেন না এবং অনুরূপ কোন আইন প্রণীত হইলে তাহা এই ভাগের কোন বিধানের সহিত যতখানি অসামঞ্জস্যপূর্ণ, ততখানি বাতিল হইয়া যাইবে।
… (অনুচ্ছেদ ২৬)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Liechtenstein
- English...
2) Treaties by which territory of the State would be ceded, State property alienated, sovereign rights or prerogatives of the State affected, a new burden imposed on the Principality or its citizens, or an obligation assumed that would limit the rights of the citizens of Liechtenstein shall require the assent of Parliament to attain legal force. (Art. 8) - German...
2) Staatsverträge, durch die Staatsgebiet abgetreten oder Staatseigentum veräussert, über Staatshoheitsrechte oder Staatsregale verfügt, eine neue Last auf das Fürstentum oder seine Angehörigen übernommen oder eine Verpflichtung, durch die den Rechten der Landesangehörigen Eintrag getan würde, eingegangen werden soll, bedürfen zu ihrer Gültigkeit der Zustimmung des Landtages. (Art. 8)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Lithuania
- English…
During a state of emergency or martial law, the Constitution may not be amended. (Art. 147) - Lithuanian...
Nepaprastosios padėties ar karo padėties metu Konstitucija negali būti taisoma. (147 straipsnis)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Malawi
- English1. No restrictions or limitations may be placed on the exercise of any rights and freedoms provided for in this Constitution other than those prescribed by law, which are reasonable, recognized by international human rights standards and necessary in an open and democratic society.
2. Laws prescribing restrictions or limitations shall not negate the essential content of the right or freedom in question, and shall be of general application.
3. Expropriation of property shall be permissible only when done for public utility and only when there has been adequate notification and appropriate compensation, provided that there shall always be a right to appeal to a court of law.
4. Wherever it is stated in this Constitution that a person has the right to the services of a legal practitioner or medical practitioner of his or her own choice, that right shall be without limitation, save where the State is obliged to provide such services of a legal practitioner or medical practitioner, in which case an Act of Parliament may prescribe that the choice of the legal practitioner or medical practitioner should be limited to those in Government service or employment. (Sec. 44)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Uganda
- EnglishThe rights, duties, declarations and guarantees relating to the fundamental and other human rights and freedoms specifically mentioned in this Chapter shall not be regarded as excluding others not specifically mentioned. (Art. 45)