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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Limitations and/or Derogations
Chile
- EnglishBy the declaration of a state of assembly, the President of the Republic is enabled to suspend or restrict personal liberty, the right of assembly and the freedom to work. He can, also, restrict the exercise of the right of association, intercept, open, or record documents and all classes of communications, order [disponer] requisition of assets and establish limitations on the exercise of the right of ownership [propiedad].
By the declaration of a state of siege, the President of the Republic can restrict the freedom of movement and detain [arrestar] persons in their own homes or in places and which the laws determines that are neither jails nor those used for the detention or imprisonment of common criminals. He can also suspend or restrict the exercise of the right of assembly.
By the declaration of a state of catastrophe, the President of the Republic can restrict the freedoms of movement and of assembly. He can, also, order the requisition of assets, establish limitations on the exercise of the right of ownership and adopt all the extraordinary measures of administrative character necessary for the prompt re-establishment of normalcy in the affected zone.
By the declaration of a state of emergency, the President of the Republic can restrict the freedoms of movement and of assembly. (Art. 43) - SpanishPor la declaración del estado de asamblea, el Presidente de la República queda facultado para suspender o restringir la libertad personal, el derecho de reunión y la libertad de trabajo. Podrá, también, restringir el ejercicio del derecho de asociación, interceptar, abrir o registrar documentos y toda clase de comunicaciones, disponer requisiciones de bienes y establecer limitaciones al ejercicio del derecho de propiedad.
Por la declaración de estado de sitio, el Presidente de la República podrá restringir la libertad de locomoción y arrestar a las personas en sus propias moradas o en lugares que la ley determine y que no sean cárceles ni estén destinados a la detención o prisión de reos comunes. Podrá, además, suspender o restringir el ejercicio del derecho de reunión.
Por la declaración del estado de catástrofe, el Presidente de la República podrá restringir las libertades de locomoción y de reunión. Podrá, asimismo, disponer requisiciones de bienes, establecer limitaciones al ejercicio del derecho de propiedad y adoptar todas las medidas extraordinarias de carácter administrativo que sean necesarias para el pronto restablecimiento de la normalidad en la zona afectada.
Por la declaración del estado de emergencia, el Presidente de la República podrá restringir las libertades de locomoción y de reunión. (Art. 43)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Oman
- English
It is not permitted to suspend any of the provisions of this statute except during a state of emergency and within the limits prescribed by the law. (Art. 90)
- Arabic
لا يجوز تعطيل أي حكم من أحكام هذا النظام إلا في أثناء قيام حالة الطوارئ، وفي الحدود التي يبينها القانون. (المادّة ٩٠)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Tuvalu
- English…
(2) Everyone has the right to freedom based on law, and accordingly, subject to this Constitution-
(a) everyone has the legal right to do anything that-
(i) does not injure others or interfere with the rights and freedoms of others;
... (Sec. 10)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Dominican Republic
- EnglishIn the case of the national sovereignty or the territorial integrity being seen as in grave and imminent danger by external armed aggressions, the Executive Power, without prejudice to the inherent abilities of his office, may request from the National Congress the declaration of State of Defense. In this state the following may not be suspended:
1. The right to life, following the provisions of Article 37.
2. The right to personal integrity, following the provisions of Article 42.
3. Liberty of conscience and religions, following the provisions of Article 45.
4. The protection of the family, following the provisions of Article 55.
5. The right to one’s name, following the provisions of Article 55, number 7.
6. The rights of the child, following the provisions of Article 56.
7. The right to nationality, following the provisions of Article 18.
8. The rights of citizenship, following the provisions of Article 22.
9. The prohibition of slavery and servitude, following the provisions of Article 41.
10. The principle of legality and of non-retroactivity, following that established in Article 40, numbers 13 and 15.
11. The right to the recognition of juridical personality, following the provisions of Articles 43 and 55, number 7.
12. The judicial, process, and institutional guarantees indispensable for the protection of those rights, following the provisions of Article 69, 71, and 72. (Art. 263) - SpanishEn caso de que la soberanía nacional o la integridad territorial se vean en peligro grave e inminente por agresiones armadas externas, el Poder Ejecutivo, sin perjuicio de las facultades inherentes a su cargo, podrá solicitar al Congreso Nacional la declaratoria del Estado de Defensa. En este estado no podrán suspenderse:
1) El derecho a la vida, según las disposiciones del artículo 37;
2) El derecho a la integridad personal, según las disposiciones del artículo 42;
3) La libertad de conciencia y de cultos, según las disposiciones del artículo 45;
4) La protección a la familia, según las disposiciones del artículo 55;
5) El derecho al nombre, según las disposiciones del artículo 55, numeral 7;
6) Los derechos del niño, según las disposiciones del artículo 56;
7) El derecho a la nacionalidad, según las disposiciones del artículo 18;
8) Los derechos de ciudadanía, según las disposiciones del artículo 22;
9) La prohibición de esclavitud y servidumbre, según las disposiciones del artículo 41;
10) El principio de legalidad y de irretroactividad, según se establece en el artículo 40, numerales 13) y 15);
11) El derecho al reconocimiento de la personalidad jurídica, según las disposiciones de los artículos 43 y 55, numeral 7);
12) Las garantías judiciales, procesales e institucionales indispensables para la protección de estos derechos, según las disposiciones de los artículos 69, 71 y 72. (Art. 263)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Thailand
- EnglishThe enactment of a law resulting in the restriction of rights or liberties of a person shall be in accordance with the conditions provided by the Constitution. In the case where the Constitution does not provide the conditions thereon, such law shall not be contrary to the rule of law, shall not unreasonably impose burden on or restrict the rights or liberties of a person and shall not affect the human dignity of a person, and the justification and necessity for the restriction of the rights or liberties shall also be specified.
The law under paragraph one shall be of general application, and shall not be intended to apply to any particular case or person. (Sec. 26) - Thaiการตรากฎหมายทีมีผลให้เป็นการจํากัดสิทธิหรือเสรีภาพของบุคคลต้องเป็นไปตามเงื่อนไขที่บัญญัติไว้ในรัฐธรรมนูญ ในกรณีที่รัฐธรรมนูญมิได้บัญญัติเงื่อนไขไว้ กฎหมายดังกล่าวต้องไม่ขัดต่อหลักนิติธรรม ไม่เพิ่มภาระหรือจํากัดสิทธิหรือเสรีภาพของบุคคลเกินสมควรแก่เหตุ และจะกระทบต่อศักดิ์ศรีความเป็นมนุษย์ของบุคคลมิได้ รวมทั้งต้องระบุเหตุผลความจําเป็นในการจํากัดสิทธิและเสรีภาพไว้ด้วย
กฎหมายตามวรรคหนึ่งต้องมีผลใช้บังคับเป็นการทั่วไป ไม่มุ่งหมายให้ใช้บังคับแก่กรณีใด กรณีหนึ่งหรือแก่บุคคลใดบุคคลหนึ่งเป็นการเจาะจง (มาตรา ๒๖)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Angola
- EnglishAlterations to the Constitution must respect:
…
e) Essential core rights, freedoms and guarantees;
… (Art. 236) - PortugueseAs alterações da Constituição têm de respeitar o seguinte:
…
e) O núcleo essencial dos direitos, liberdades e garantias;
… (Art. 236)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Guyana
- English(1) Subject to paragraphs (3) and (6), every person, as contemplated by the respective international treaties set out in the Fourth Schedule to which Guyana has acceded is entitled to the human rights enshrined in the said international treaties, and such rights shall be respected and upheld by the executive, legislature judiciary and all organs and agencies of Government and, where applicable to them, by all natural and legal persons and shall be enforceable in the manner hereinafter prescribed.
…
(5) Nothing contained in this article shall be construed so as to abrogate any human right, not enumerated herein, which a person had at the time of the commencement of this Article.
(6) The State may divest itself or otherwise limit the extent of its obligation under any of the treaties listed in the Fourth Schedule, provided that two thirds of the elected members of the National Assembly have voted in favour of such divestment or limitation. (Art. 154A)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Uzbekistan
- EnglishThe exercising of rights and freedoms by a citizen must not encroach on the lawful interests, rights and freedoms of other persons, the state and society. (Art. 20)
- UzbekFuqarolar o‘z huquq va erkinliklarini amalga oshirishda boshqa shaxslarning, davlat va jamiyatning qonuniy manfaatlari, huquqlari va erkinliklariga putur yetkazmasliklari shart. (20-modda)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
- EnglishIn no case, even when the state of siege or the state of urgency has been proclaimed in accordance with Articles 85 and 86 of this Constitution, can there be derogation of the rights and fundamental principles enumerated as follows:
1. the right to life;
2. the prohibition of torture and of cruel, inhuman or degrading punishments or treatment;
3. the prohibition of slavery and of servitude;
4. the principle of the legality of infractions and of penalties;
5. the right to [a] defense and the right to recourse;
6. the prohibition of imprisonment for debts;
7. the freedom of thought, of conscience and of religion. (Art. 61) - FrenchEn aucun cas, et même lorsque l’état de siège ou l’état d’urgence aura été proclamé conformément aux articles 85 et 86 de la présente Constitution, il ne peut être dérogé aux droits et principes fondamentaux énumérés ci-après:
1. le droit à la vie;
2. l’interdiction de la torture et des peines ou traitements cruels, inhumains ou dégradants;
3. l’interdiction de l’esclavage et de la servitude;
4. le principe de la légalité des infractions et des peines;
5. les droits de la défense et le droit de recours;
6. l’interdiction de l’emprisonnement pour dettes;
7. la liberté de pensée, de conscience et de religion. (Art. 61)
Limitations and/or Derogations
Panama
- EnglishIn case of foreign war or internal disturbance that threatens peace or public order, all, or a part, of the Republic may be declared in a State of Emergency, and the guarantees of Articles 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 29, 37, 38, and 44 of this Constitution, may be temporarily suspended, partially or totally.
… (Art. 55) - SpanishEn caso de guerra exterior o de perturbación interna que amenace la paz y el orden público, se podrá declarar en estado de urgencia toda la República o parte de ella y suspender temporalmente, de modo parcial o total, los efectos de los artículos 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 29, 37, 38 y 47 de la Constitución.
… (Art. 55)