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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- EnglishCitizens of the Republic of Belarus shall have the right to participate in the solution of state matters, both directly and through freely elected representatives.
The direct participation of citizens in the administration of the affairs of society and the State shall be safeguarded by the holding of referenda, the discussion of draft laws and issues of national and local significance, and by other means specified in law.
In instances determined by the law the citizens of the Republic of Belarus shall take part in the discussion of issues of state and public life at republican and local meetings. (Art. 37) - BelarusianГрамадзяне Рэспублікі Беларусь маюць права ўдзельнічаць у вырашэнні дзяржаўных спраў як непасрэдна, так і праз свабодна выбранных прадстаўнікоў.
Непасрэдны ўдзел грамадзян у кіраванні справамі грамадства і дзяржавы забяспечваецца правядзеннем рэферэндумаў, абмеркаваннем праектаў законаў і пытанняў рэспубліканскага і мясцовага значэння, іншымі вызначанымі законам спосабамі.
У парадку, устаноўленым заканадаўствам, грамадзяне Рэспублікі Беларусь прымаюць удзел у абмеркаванні пытанняў дзяржаўнага і грамадскага жыцця на рэспубліканскіх і мясцовых сходах. (Артыкул 37) - RussianГраждане Республики Беларусь имеют право участвовать в решении государственных дел как непосредственно, так и через свободно избранных представителей.
Непосредственное участие граждан в управлении делами общества и государства обеспечивается проведением референдумов, обсуждением проектов законов и вопросов республиканского и местного значения, другими определенными законом способами.
В порядке, установленном законодательством, граждане Республики Беларусь принимают участие в обсуждении вопросов государственной и общественной жизни на республиканских и местных собраниях. (Статья 37)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- English
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It shall be the duty of the Republic to remove those obstacles of an economic or social nature which constrain the freedom and equality of citizens, thereby impeding the full development of the human person and the effective participation of all workers in the political, economic and social organisation of the country. (Art. 3) - Italian
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È compito della Repubblica rimuovere gli ostacoli di ordine economico e sociale, che, limitando di fatto la libertà e l'eguaglianza dei cittadini, impediscono il pieno sviluppo della persona umana e l'effettiva partecipazione di tutti i lavoratori all'organizzazione politica, economica e sociale del Paese. (Art. 3)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- EnglishPolish citizens enjoying full public rights shall have a right of access to the public service based on the principle of equality. (Art. 60)
- PolishObywatele polscy korzystający z pełni praw publicznych mają prawo dostępu do służby publicznej na jednakowych zasadach. (Art. 60)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- EnglishThe public authorities shall promote conditions directed for the free and effective participation of young people in political, social, economic and cultural development. (Sec. 48)
- SpanishLos poderes públicos promoverán las condiciones para la participación libre y eficaz de la juventud en el desarrollo político, social, económico y cultural. (Art. 48)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- EnglishEvery male person able to bear arms shall be liable with his person to contribute to the defence of his country under such rules as are laid down by statute. (Sec. 81)
- DanishEnhver våbenfør mand er forpligtet til med sin person at bidrage til fædrelandets forsvar efter de nærmere bestemmelser, som loven foreskriver. (§ 81)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- English1) Every man fit to bear arms shall be required, until the completion of his 60th year, to serve in the defence of the country in the event of emergency.
… (Art. 44) - German1) Jeder Waffenfähige ist bis zum zurückgelegten 60. Lebensjahre im Falle der Not zur Verteidigung des Vaterlandes verpflichtet.
… (Art. 44)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- English…
(3) Access to public, civil, or military positions or dignities may be granted, according to the law, to persons whose citizenship is Romanian and whose domicile is in Romania. The Romanian State shall guarantee equal opportunities for men and women to occupy such positions and dignities.
... (Art. 16) - Romanian…
(3) Funcţiile şi demnităţile publice, civile sau militare, pot fi ocupate, în condiţiile legii, de persoanele care au cetăţenia română şi domiciliul în ţară. Statul român garantează egalitatea de şanse între femei şi bărbaţi pentru ocuparea acestor funcţii şi demnităţi.
… (Art. 16)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- English... Equality of the rights of women and men shall be ensured by providing women with opportunities equal to those of men in public, political and cultural activities, in obtaining education and in professional training, in work and remuneration for it; by taking special measures for the protection of work and health of women; by establishing pension privileges; by creating conditions that make it possible for women to combine work and motherhood; by adopting legal protection, material and moral support of motherhood and childhood, including the provision of paid leave and other privileges to pregnant women and mothers. (Art. 24)
- Ukrainian... Рівність прав жінки і чоловіка забезпечується: наданням жінкам рівних з чоловіками можливостей у громадсько-політичній і культурній діяльності, у здобутті освіти і професійній підготовці, у праці та винагороді за неї; спеціальними заходами щодо охорони праці і здоров'я жінок, встановленням пенсійних пільг; створенням умов, які дають жінкам можливість поєднувати працю з материнством; правовим захистом, матеріальною і моральною підтримкою материнства і дитинства, включаючи надання оплачуваних відпусток та інших пільг вагітним жінкам і матерям. (Стаття 24)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- EnglishThe Law is the expression of the general will. All citizens have the right to take part, personally or through their representatives, in its making. It must be the same for all, whether it protects or punishes. All citizens, being equal in its eyes, shall be equally eligible to all high offices, public positions and employments, according to their ability, and without other distinction than that of their virtues and talents. (1789 Declaration, Art. 6)
- FrenchLa Loi est l'expression de la volonté générale. Tous les Citoyens ont droit de concourir personnellement, ou par leurs Représentants, à sa formation. Elle doit être la même pour tous, soit qu'elle protège, soit qu'elle punisse. Tous les Citoyens étant égaux à ses yeux sont également admissibles à toutes dignités, places et emplois publics, selon leur capacité, et sans autre distinction que celle de leurs vertus et de leurs talents. (Déclaration 1789, Art. 6)
Participation in Public Life and Institutions
- English(1) Men who have attained the age of eighteen may be required to serve in the Armed Forces, in the Federal Border Police, or in a civil defence organisation.
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(4) If, during a state of defence, the need for civilian services in the civilian health system or in stationary military hospitals cannot be met on a voluntary basis, women between the age of eighteen and fifty-five may be called upon to render such services by or pursuant to a law. Under no circumstances may they be required to render service involving the use of arms.
… (Art. 12a) - German(1) Männer können vom vollendeten achtzehnten Lebensjahr an zum Dienst in den Streitkräften, im Bundesgrenzschutz oder in einem Zivilschutzverband verpflichtet werden.
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(4) Kann im Verteidigungsfalle der Bedarf an zivilen Dienstleistungen im zivilen Sanitäts- und Heilwesen sowie in der ortsfesten militärischen Lazarettorganisation nicht auf freiwilliger Grundlage gedeckt werden, so können Frauen vom vollendeten achtzehnten bis zum vollendeten fünfundfünfzigsten Lebensjahr durch Gesetz oder auf Grund eines Gesetzes zu derartigen Dienstleistungen herangezogen werden. Sie dürfen auf keinen Fall zum Dienst mit der Waffe verpflichtet werden.
… (Art. 12a)