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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Head of State
- EnglishThe hereditary succession to the throne within the Princely House of Liechtenstein, the age of majority of the Reigning Prince and of the Hereditary Prince, and any applicable guardianship shall be laid down by the Princely House in the form of a Law on the Princely House. (Art. 3)
- GermanDie im Fürstenhause Liechtenstein erbliche Thronfolge, die Volljährigkeit des Landesfürsten und des Erbprinzen sowie vorkommendenfalls die Vormundschaft werden durch das Fürstenhaus in der Form eines Hausgesetzes geordnet. (Art. 3)
Head of State
- English(1) The Crown of Spain shall be inherited by the successors of H. M. Juan Carlos I de Borbón, the legitimate heir of the historic dynasty. Succession to the throne shall follow the regular order of primogeniture and representation, the first line always having preference over subsequent lines; within the same line, the closer grade over the more remote; within the same grade, the male over the female, and in the same sex, the elder over the younger.
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(3) Should all the lines designated by law become extinct, the Cortes Generales shall provide for succession to the Crown in the manner most suitable to the interests of Spain.
(4) Those persons with a right of succession to the throne who marry against the express prohibition of the King and the Cortes Generales, shall be excluded from succession to the Crown, as shall their descendants.
… (Sec. 57) - Spanish1. La Corona de España es hereditaria en los sucesores de S. M. Don Juan Carlos I de Borbón, legítimo heredero de la dinastía histórica. La sucesión en el trono seguirá el orden regular de primogenitura y representación, siendo preferida siempre la línea anterior a las posteriores; en la misma línea, el grado más próximo al más remoto; en el mismo grado, el varón a la mujer, y en el mismo sexo, la persona de más edad a la de menos.
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3. Extinguidas todas las líneas llamadas en Derecho, las Cortes Generales proveerán a la sucesión en la Corona en la forma que más convenga a los intereses de España.
4. Aquellas personas que teniendo derecho a la sucesión en el trono contrajeran matrimonio contra la expresa prohibición del Rey y de las Cortes Generales, quedarán excluidas en la sucesión a la Corona por sí y sus descendientes.
… (Art. 57)
Head of State
- English(1) There shall be a President of the Republic of Sierra Leone who shall be Head of State, the supreme executive authority of the Republic and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.
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(3) The President shall be the guardian of the Constitution and the guarantor of national independence and territorial integrity, and shall ensure respect for treaties and international agreements.
(4) Notwithstanding any provisions of this Constitution or any other law to the contrary, the President shall, without prejudice to any such law as may for the time being be adopted by Parliament, be responsible, in addition to the functions conferred upon him in the Constitution, for—
a. all constitutional matters concerning legislation;
... (Sec. 40)
Head of State
- English
The ruling system is Sultani (Royal), hereditary through the male descendants of Sultan Turki bin Said bin Sultan, in accordance with the following provisions:
– Title to the throne passes from the Sultan to His eldest son, followed by the eldest son of this son, and by a similar process afterwards. If the eldest son dies before the title to the throne passes to him, the title to the throne passes to his eldest son, regardless of the deceased having brothers.
– If he who has title to the throne has no sons, the title to the throne passes to his eldest brother. If he has no brothers, it passes to the eldest son of his eldest brother. If his eldest brother has no sons, it passes to the eldest son of his other brothers, in accordance with their seniority in age.
– If he who has title to the throne has no brothers and no sons of brothers, the title to the throne passes to the paternal uncles and their sons in the order prescribed in the second clause of this article.
Whoever assumes the title to the throne must be Muslim, rational, and a legitimate son of Muslim Omani parents. (Art. 5) - Arabic
نظام الحكم سلطاني وراثي في الذكور من ذرية السلطان تركي بن سعيد بن سلطان، وذلك وفقا للأحكام الآتية:
– تنتقل ولاية الحكم من السلطان إلى أكبر أبنائه سنا، ثم أكبر أبناء هذا الابن، وهكذا طبقة بعد طبقة، فإذا توفي الابن الأكبر قبل أن تنتقل إليه ولاية الحكم انتقلت إلى أكبر أبنائه، ولو كان للمتوفى إخوة.
– إذا لم يكن لمن له ولاية الحكم أبناء فتنتقل الولاية إلى أكبر إخوته، فإذا لم يكن له إخوة تنتقل إلى أكبر أبناء أكبر إخوته، وإذا لم يكن لأكبر إخوته ابن فإلى أكبر أبناء إخوته الآخرين، بحسب ترتيب سن الأخوة.
– إذا لم يكن لمن له ولاية الحكم إخوة أو أبناء إخوة تنتقل ولاية الحكم إلى الأعمام وأبنائهم على الترتيب المعين في البند (الثاني) من هذه المادة.
ويشترط فيمن يتولى الحكم أن يكون مسلما، عاقلا، وابنا شرعيا لأبوين عمانيين مسلمين. (المادّة 5)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President shall be elected by the National Assembly from among its deputies.
... (Art. 87) - VietnameseChủ tịch nước do Quốc hội bầu trong số các đại biểu Quốc hội.
... (Điều 87)
Head of State
- English
1. The executive power of Samoa shall vest in the Head of State and shall be exercised by him or her under the provisions of this Constitution.
… (Art. 31) - Samoan
(1) O le pulega faatonu o Samoa o le a i le Ao o le Malo ma o le a faaaogaina e ia e tusa ma aiaiga o lenei Faavae.
… (Mataupu 31)
Head of State
- EnglishThe Executive Power shall be vested in the King, and he shall exercise it through his Ministers in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution. (Art. 26)
- Arabicتناط السلطة التنفيذية بالملك ويتولاها بواسطة وزرائه وفق احكام الدستور. (المادّة 26)
Head of State
- EnglishOnly a person who is a Swedish citizen and who has reached the age of eighteen may serve as Head of State. The Head of State may not at the same time be a minister, hold the office of Speaker or serve as a member of the Riksdag. (Instrument of Government, Chapter 5, Art. 2)
- SwedishSom statschef får endast den tjänstgöra som är svensk medborgare och har fyllt arton år. Han eller hon får inte samtidigt vara statsråd eller utöva uppdrag som talman eller riksdagsledamot. (Kungörelse (1974:152) om beslutad ny regeringsform, 5 kap, 2§)
Head of State
- EnglishThe Presidency of the Republic in the transitional period shall be exercised by a Presidency Council composed of 5 members elected by the National Transitional Council and their election shall be ratified by the Revolutionary Committee. (Art. 8, Constitutional Declaration to organize the foundations of governance during the transitional period in Yemen)
- Arabicيتولى رئاسة الجمهورية في المرحلة الانتقالية مجلس رئاسة مكون من 5 اعضاء ينتخبهم المجلس الوطني وتصادق عليه انتخاباتهم اللجنة الثورية.( مادة8 الإعلان الدستوري لتنظيم قواعد الحكم خلال المرحلة الانتقالية في اليمن)
Head of State
- EnglishThe form of government for this Kingdom is a Constitutional Monarchy under His Majesty King George Tupou V and his successors. (Clause 30)
- TonganKo e anga ‘o e fai ‘a e Pule ‘o e Fonua ni ko e Pule‘anga Tu‘i Faka-Konisitutone ‘I he malumalu ‘o ‘Ene ‘Afio ko e Tu‘i ko Tupou VI mo kinautolu ‘e hoko kiate ia. (Kupu 30)