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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.

ABOUT 572 RESULTS

Head of State

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
  • English
    No one may be a candidate for election as President of the Republic, if they do not meet the following conditions:
    1. to possess Congolese nationality of origin;
    2. to be at least 30 years of age;
    3. to enjoy full civil and political rights;
    4. to not be subject to one of the cases of exclusion established by the electoral law. (Art. 72)
  • French
    Nul ne peut être candidat à l’élection du Président de la République s’il ne remplit les conditions ci-après:
    1. posséder la nationalité congolaise d’origine;
    2. être âgé de 30 ans au moins;
    3. jouir de la plénitude de ses droits civils et politiques;
    4. ne pas se trouver dans un des cas d’exclusion prévus par la loi électorale. (Art. 72)

Head of State

Chile
  • English
    The President of the Republic will be elected by direct vote and by absolute majority of the suffrage validly emitted.
    … (Art. 26)
  • Spanish
    El Presidente de la República será elegido en votación directa y por mayoría absoluta de los sufragios válidamente emitidos.
    … (Art. 26)

Head of State

Estonia
  • English
    The President is elected by the Riigikogu or, in the case provided in paragraph four of this section, by the Electoral College.
    The right to nominate a candidate for the election of the President rests with not less than one-fifth of the members of the Riigikogu.
    Nominations of candidates for President may be made from among citizens of Estonia by birth who have attained at least forty years of age.
    … (Sec. 79)
  • Estonian
    Vabariigi Presidendi valib Riigikogu või käesoleva paragrahvi neljandas lõikes sätestatud juhul valimiskogu.
    Vabariigi Presidendi kandidaadi ülesseadmise õigus on vähemalt viiendikul Riigikogu koosseisust.
    Vabariigi Presidendi kandidaadiks võib seada sünnilt Eesti kodaniku, kes on vähemalt nelikümmend aastat vana.
    … (§ 79)

Head of State

Eswatini
  • English
    (1) Without prejudice to the provisions of section 229, the Ndlovukazi is traditionally the mother of the King and iNgwenyama and is appointed in accordance with Eswatini law and custom.(2) Until the King and iNgwenyama has been installed, that is to say, until he has publicly assumed the functions and responsibilities of the King and iNgwenyama in accordance with this Constitution and Eswatini law and custom, or during any period when he is by reason of absence from Eswatini or any other cause unable to perform the functions of his office, those functions shall be performed, save as otherwise provided in this Constitution, by the Ndlovukazi acting as Queen Regent.… (Sec. 7)

Head of State

Iran, Islamic Republic of
  • English
    The President must be elected from among religious and political personalities possessing the following qualifications:
    Iranian origin; Iranian nationality; administrative capacity and resourcefulness; a good past-record; trustworthiness and piety; convinced belief in the fundamental principles of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the official madhhab of the country. (Art. 115)
  • Persian
    رئیسجمهور باید از میان رجال مذهبی و سیاسی که واجد شرایط زیر باشند انتخاب گردد:
    ایرانی‌الاصل، تابع ایران، مدیر و مدبر، دارای حسن سابقه و امانت و تقوی، مؤمن و معتقد به مبانی جمهوری اسلامی ایران و مذهب رسمی کشور. (اصل 115)

Head of State

Dominican Republic
  • English
    The Executive Power is exercised by the male or female President of the Republic, who shall be elected every four years by direct vote. … (Art. 124)
  • Spanish
    El Poder Ejecutivo lo ejerce el Presidente o la Presidenta de la República, quien será elegido o elegida cada cuatro años por voto directo. … (Art. 124)

Head of State

Ireland
  • English
    1 There shall be a President of Ireland (Uachtarán na hÉireann), hereinafter called the President, who shall take precedence over all other persons in the State and who shall exercise and perform the powers and functions conferred on the President by this Constitution and by law.
    2 1° The President shall be elected by direct vote of the people.
    2° Every citizen who has the right to vote at an election for members of Dáil Éireann shall have the right to vote at an election for President.
    3° The voting shall be by secret ballot and on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote.
    …
    4 1° Every citizen who has reached his thirty-fifth year of age is eligible for election to the office of President.
    2° Every candidate for election, not a former or retiring President, must be nominated either by
    i not less than twenty persons, each of whom is at the time a member of one of the Houses of the Oireachtas, or
    ii by the Councils of not less than four administrative Counties (including County Boroughs) as defined by law.
    … (Art. 12)
  • Irish Gaelic
    1 Beidh Uachtarán ar Éirinn (.i. Uachtarán na hÉireann), ar a dtugtar an tUachtarán sa Bhunreacht seo feasta; beidh tosach aige ar gach uile dhuine sa Stát, agus ní foláir dó na cumhachtaí agus na feidhmeanna a bheirtear don Uachtarán leis an mBunreacht seo agus le dlí a oibriú agus a chomhlíonadh.
    2 1° Le vóta lomdíreach an phobail a thoghfar an tUachtarán.
    2° Gach saoránach ag a bhfuil ceart vótála i dtoghchán do chomhaltaí de Dháil Éireann, beidh ceart vótála aige i dtoghchán don Uachtarán.
    3° Is le rúnbhallóid agus de réir na hionadaíochta cionúire agus ar mhodh an aonghutha inaistrithe a dhéanfar an vótáil.
    …
    4 1° Gach saoránach ag a bhfuil cúig bliana tríochad slán, is intofa chun oifig an Uachtaráin é.
    2° Gach iarrthóir d’oifig an Uachtaráin, seachas duine atá nó a bhí ina Uachtarán cheana, is uathu seo a leanas nach foláir a ainmniú a theacht
    i fiche duine ar a laghad agus gach duine faoi leith díobh sin ina chomhalta, in alt na huaire, de Theach de Thithe an Oireachtais, nó
    ii Comhairlí ceithre Chontae riaracháin ar a laghad (agus Contae-Bhuirgí a áireamh) mar a mhínítear le dlí.
    … (Airteagal 12)

Head of State

Guinea
  • English
    The President of the Republic is the Head of the State.
    He sees to the respect for the Constitution, for the international engagements, for the laws and the decisions of justice.
    He assures the regular functioning of the public powers and the continuity of the State.
    He determines and controls the conduct of the policy of the Nation.
    … (Art. 45)
  • French
    Le président de la République est le chef de l'État.
    Il veille au respect de la Constitution, des engagements internationaux, des lois et des décisions de justice.
    Il assure le fonctionnement régulier des pouvoirs publics et la continuité de l'État.
    Il détermine et contrôle la conduite de la politique de la Nation.
    … (Art. 45)

Head of State

Korea, Republic of
  • English
    1. The President shall be elected by universal, equal, direct and secret ballot by the people.
    ...
    4. Citizens who are eligible for election to the National Assembly, and who have reached the age of forty years or more on the date of the presidential election, shall be eligible to be elected to the presidency.
    … (Art. 67)
  • Korean
    ①대통령은 국민의 보통·평등·직접·비밀선거에 의하여 선출한다.
    …
    ④대통령으로 선거될 수 있는 자는 국회의원의 피선거권이 있고 선거일 현재 40세에 달하여야 한다.
    … (제67조)

Head of State

Guyana
  • English
    (1) Any list of candidates for an election held pursuant to the provisions of article 60 (2) shall designate not more than one of those candidates as a Presidential candidate. An elector voting at such an election in favour of a list shall be deemed to be also voting in favour of the Presidential candidate named in the list.
    (2) Where -
    (a) there is only one Presidential candidate at the election; or
    (b) there are two or more Presidential candidates, if more votes are cast in favour of the list in which a person is designated as Presidential candidate than in favour of any other list,
    that Presidential candidate shall be deemed to be elected as President and shall be so declared by the Chairman of the Elections Commission acting only in accordance with the advice of the Chief Election Officer, after such advice has been tendered to the Elections Commission at a duly summoned meeting.
    … (Art. 177)