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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
It is the duty of the State to promote the progressive access of agricultural workers and peasants to the ownership of land, either individually or collectively.
... (Art. 64) - Spanish
Es deber del Estado promover el acceso progresivo a la propiedad de la tierra del campesinado y de los trabajadores agrarios, en forma individual o asociativa.
… (Art. 64)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishFirst: Private property is protected. The owner shall have the right to benefit, exploit and dispose of private property within the limits of the law.
…
Third:
A. Every Iraqi shall have the right to own property anywhere in Iraq. No others may possess immovable assets, except as exempted by law.
B. Ownership of property for the purposes of demographic change is prohibited. (Art. 23) - Arabicأولاً :ـ الملكية الخاصة مصونةٌ، ويحق للمالك الانتفاع بها واستغلالها والتصرّف بها، في حدود القانون.
...
ثالثاً :ـ
أ ـ للعراقي الحق في التملك في أي مكانٍ في العراق، ولا يجوز لغيره تملك غير المنقول، الا ما استثني بقانون.
ب ـ يحظر التملك لأغراض التغيير السكاني. (المادة 23)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English1. Land and other natural resources shall be utilized and protected in the Russian Federation as the basis of the life and activity of the peoples living on the territories concerned.
2. Land and other natural resources may be subject to private, State, municipal and other forms of ownership. (Art. 9) - Russian1. Земля и другие природные ресурсы используются и охраняются в Российской Федерации как основа жизни и деятельности народов, проживающих на соответствующей территории.
2. Земля и другие природные ресурсы могут находиться в частной, государственной, муниципальной и иных формах собственности. (Статья 9)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(1) Community land shall vest in and be held by communities identified on the basis of ethnicity, culture or similar community of interest.
(2) Community land consists of—
(a) land lawfully registered in the name of group representatives under the provisions of any law;
(b) land lawfully transferred to a specific community by any process of law;
(c) any other land declared to be community land by an Act of Parliament; and
(d) land that is—
(i) lawfully held, managed or used by specific communities as community forests, grazing areas or shrines;
(ii) ancestral lands and lands traditionally occupied by hunter-gatherer communities; or
(iii) lawfully held as trust land by the county governments, but not including any public land held in trust by the county government under Article 62(2).
… (Art. 63) - Swahili(1) Ardhi ya jamii itakabidhiwa na kushikiliwa na jamii zinazotambuliwa kwa msingi wa kabila, utamaduni au jamii yenye maslahi yanayofanana.
(2) Ardhi ya jumuiya inajumuisha—
(a) ardhi iliyosajiliwa kihalali kwa jina la wawakilishi wa kikundi chini ya masharti ya sheria yoyote;
(b) ardhi ambayo umilikiwa wake umehamishwa kihalali kwenda kwa jamii mahususi kwa mchakato wowote wa sheria;
(c) ardhi nyingine yoyote iliyotangazwa kuwa ardhi ya jamii kwa Sheria ya Bunge; na
(d) ardhi ambayo—
(i) inashikiliwa kihalali, inayosimamiwa au kutumiwa na jamii mahususi kama misitu ya jamii, maeneo ya malisho au shughuli za kiimani;
(ii) ardhi za mababu na ardhi ambazo kiutamaduni zilishikiliwa na jamii za wawindaji na waokotaji; au
(iii) imeshikiliwa kisheria na serikali za kaunti kama ardhi ya amana, lakini haijumuishi ardhi yoyote ya umma inayoshikiliwa na serikali ya kaunti chini ya Kifungu cha 62(2).
… (Kifungu cha 63)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe right to private property [serving] as a social function is recognized and guaranteed.
… (Art. 103) - SpanishSe reconoce y garantiza el derecho a la propiedad privada en función social.
… (Art. 103)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English…
F. The economic system is free, guaranteeing individual initiative and private ownership.
… (Preamble) - Arabic...
و. النظام الاقتصادي حر يكفل المبادرة الفردية و الملكية الخاصة
... ( التوطئة)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishWE, THE PEOPLE OF FIJI,
RECOGNISING the indigenous people or the iTaukei, their ownership of iTaukei lands, their unique culture, customs, traditions and language;
RECOGNISING the indigenous people or the Rotuman from the island of Rotuma, their ownership of Rotuman lands, their unique culture, customs, traditions and language;
… (Preamble) - iTaukeiO KEIMAMI NA LEWEI VITI,
ROKOVA na itaukei ni vanua se kawa itaukei, na nodra taukena na kedra qele, na nodra itovo, ivakarau kei na vosa;
ROKOVA na itaukei ni vanua o Rotuma, mai na yanuyanu o Rotuma, na nodra taukena na kedra qele, nodra itovo, ivakarau kei na vosa;
… (Ikau)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English1. Women have the right to full and equal protection by the law, and have the right not to be discriminated against on the basis of their gender or marital status which includes the right—
a. to be accorded the same rights as men in civil law, including equal capacity—
…
ii. to acquire and maintain rights in property, independently or in association with others, regardless of their marital status;
…
b. on the dissolution of marriage, howsoever entered into—
i. to a fair disposition of property that is held jointly with a husband;
…
2. Any law that discriminates against women on the basis of gender or marital status shall be invalid and legislation shall be passed to eliminate customs and practices that discriminate against women, particularly practices such as—
…
c. deprivation of property, including property obtained by inheritance. (Sec. 24)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishA special agency to be known as THE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGRARIAN REFORM shall be established to organize the revision of real property structures and to implement an agrarian reform to benefit those who actually work the land. This Institute shall draw up an agrarian policy geared to optimizing productivity by constructing infrastructure aimed at the protection and management of the land. (Art. 248)
- FrenchIl est créé un Organisme Spécial dénommé INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA REFORME AGRAIRE en vue d'organiser la refonte des structures foncières et mettre en oeuvre une réforme agraire au bénéfice des réels exploitants de la terre. Cet Institut élabore une politique agraire axée sur l'optimisation de la productivité au moyen de la mise en place d'infrastructure visant la protection de l'aménagement de la terre. (Art. 248)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe Union shall protect the privacy and security of home, property, correspondence and other communications of citizens under the law subject to the provisions of this Constitution. (Sec. 357)
- Burmeseဤဖွဲ့စည်းပုံအခြေခံဥပဒေပါ ပြဌာန်းချက်များနှင့် မဆန့်ကျင်လျှင် နိုင်ငံတော်သည် နိုင်ငံသား များ၏ နေအိမ်ဥပစာလုံခြုံမှု၊ ပစ္စည်းလုံခြုံမှု၊ စာပေးစာယူနှင့် အခြားဆက်သွယ်ရေးဆိုင်ရာ လုံခြုံမှု များအတွက် ဥပဒေအရ ကာကွယ်ပေးရမည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၅၇)