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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Zimbabwe
- English…
(2) Subject to section 72, every person has the right, in any part of Zimbabwe, to acquire, hold, occupy, use, transfer, hypothecate, lease or dispose of all forms of property, either individually or in association with others.
… (Sec. 71)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Bangladesh
- EnglishThe people shall own or control the instruments and means of production and distribution, and with this end in view ownership shall assume the following forms –
…
(b) co operative ownership, that is ownership by co operatives on behalf of their members within such limits as may be prescribed by law; and
(c) private ownership, that is ownership by individuals within such limits as may be prescribed by law. (Art. 13) - Bengaliউৎপাদনযন্ত্র, উৎপাদনব্যবস্থা ও বন্টনপ্রণালীসমূহের মালিক বা নিয়ন্ত্রক হইবেন জনগণ এবং এই উদ্দেশ্যে মালিকানা-ব্যবস্থা নিম্নরূপ হইবে:
...
(খ) সমবায়ী মালিকানা, অর্থাৎ আইনের দ্বারা নির্ধারিত সীমার মধ্যে সমবায়সমূহের সদস্যদের পক্ষে সমবায়সমূহের মালিকানা; এবং
(গ) ব্যক্তিগত মালিকানা, অর্থাৎ আইনের দ্বারা নির্ধারিত সীমার মধ্যে ব্যক্তির মালিকানা৷ (অনুচ্ছেদ ১৩)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
India
- EnglishNotwithstanding anything in this Constitution,—
(a) no Act of Parliament in respect of—
…
(iv) ownership and transfer of land and its resources,
shall apply to the State of Nagaland unless the Legislative Assembly of Nagaland by a resolution so decides;
… (Art. 371A) - Hindiइस संविधान में किसी बात के होते हुए भी,—
(क) निम्नलिखित के संबंध में संसद का कोई अधिनियम—
…
(iv) भूमि और उसके संपत्ति स्रोतों का स्वामित्व और अंतरण,
नागालैंड राज्य को तब तक लागू नहीं होगा जब तक नागालैंड की विधान सभा संकल्प द्वारा ऐसा विनिश्चय नहीं करती है;
… (अनुच्छेद 371क)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Indonesia
- English
(1) Every person shall have the right to protection of his/herself, family, honour, dignity, and property,
… (Art. 28G) - Indonesian
(1) Setiap orang berhak atas perlindungan diri pribadi, keluarga, kehormatan, martabat, dan harta benda yang di bawah kekuasaannya,
… (Pasal 28G)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Portugal
- English1. The law shall regulate the regimes governing the rental and other forms of use of non-owned land in such a way as to guarantee the security and legitimate interests of those who cultivate it.
2. The fee-farming and colony systems shall be prohibited and the conditions that those who cultivate the land need to put an effective end to the agricultural partnership system shall be created. (Art. 96) - Portuguese1. Os regimes de arrendamento e de outras formas de exploração de terra alheia serão regulados por lei de modo a garantir a estabilidade e os legítimos interesses do cultivador.
2. São proibidos os regimes de aforamento e colonia e serão criadas condições aos cultivadores para a efectiva abolição do regime de parceria agrícola. (Art. 96)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- EnglishI. Everyone has the right to private, individual or collective property, provided that it serves a social function.
II. Private property is guaranteed provided that the use made of it is not harmful to the collective interests.
III. The right to inheritance is guaranteed. (Art. 56) - SpanishI. Toda persona tiene derecho a la propiedad privada individual o colectiva, siempre que ésta cumpla una función social.
II. Se garantiza la propiedad privada siempre que el uso que se haga de ella no sea perjudicial al interés colectivo.
III. Se garantiza el derecho a la sucesión hereditaria. (Art. 56)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Kuwait
- EnglishOwnership, capital and labor are the mainstays of the State's social entity and of national wealth. They all are individual rights with social functions regulated by Law. (Art. 16)
- Arabicالملكية ورأس المال والعمل مقومات أساسية لكيان الدولة الاجتماعي وللثروة الوطنية،وهي جميعاً حقوق فردية ذات وظيفة اجتماعية ينظمها القانون. (المادّة 16)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Spain
- English(1) The right to private property and inheritance is recognized.
… (Sec. 33) - Spanish1. Se reconoce el derecho a la propiedad privada y a la herencia.
… (Art. 33)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Canada
- EnglishIt shall be lawful for the Queen, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate and House of Commons, to make Laws for the Peace, Order, and good Government of Canada, in relation to all Matters not coming within the Classes of Subjects by this Act assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the Provinces; and for greater Certainty, but not so as to restrict the Generality of the foregoing Terms of this Section, it is hereby declared that (notwithstanding anything in this Act) the exclusive Legislative Authority of the Parliament of Canada extends to all Matters coming within the Classes of Subjects next hereinafter enumerated; that is to say,
…
24. Indians, and Lands reserved for the Indians.
… (Constitution Act 1867, Sec. 91) - FrenchIl sera loisible à la Reine, de l’avis et du consentement du Sénat et de la Chambre des Communes, de faire des lois pour la paix, l’ordre et le bon gouvernement du Canada, relativement à toutes les matières ne tombant pas dans les categories de sujets par la présente loi exclusivement assignés aux législatures des provinces; mais, pour plus de garantie, sans toutefois restreindre la généralité des termes ci-haut employés dans le présent article, il est par la présente déclaré que (nonobstant toute disposition contraire énoncée dans la présente loi) l’autorité legislative exclusive du parlement du Canada s’étend à toutes les matières tombant dans les catégories de sujets ci-dessous énumérés, savoir:
…
24. Les Indiens et les terres réservées pour les Indiens.
… (Loi constitutionnelle de 1867, Sec. 91)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Maldives
- English(a) Every citizen has the right to acquire, own, inherit, transfer or otherwise transact of such property.
(b) Private property shall be inviolable,
… (Art. 40) - Dhivehi(ހ) މުދާ ހޯދުމާއި، މިލްކުކުރުމާއި، ވާރުތަކުރުމާއި، ދިނުމާއި، މުދަލުން މުޢާމަލާތުކުރުމުގެ ޙައްޤު ކޮންމެ ރައްޔިތަކަށްމެ ލިބިގެންވެއެވެ.
(ށ) މީސްމީހުންގެ މުދަލަކީ ނިގުޅައިގަނެގެންވާނޭ ތަކެއްޗެއް ނޫނެވެ.
... (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 40 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)