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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe Union :
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(c) shall permit citizens right of private property, right of inheritance, right of private initiative and patent in accord with the law. (Sec. 37) - Burmeseနိုင်ငံတော်သည် -
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(ဂ) နိုင်ငံသားများအား ပစ္စည်းပိုင်ဆိုင်ခွင့်၊ အမွေဆက်ခံခွင့်၊ ကိုယ်ပိုင်လုပ်ကိုင်ခွင့်၊ တီထွင်ခွင့် နှင့် မူပိုင်ခွင့်တို့ကို ဥပဒေပြဌာန်းချက်နှင့်အညီ ခွင့်ပြုရမည်။ (ပုဒ်မ-၃၇)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English…
Considering that the liberty, the equality, and the dignity of Man cannot be assured except in a society which consecrates the primacy of law, concerned by creating durable conditions for a harmonious social evolution, respectful of the precepts of Islam, sole source of law and open to the exigencies of the modern world, the Mauritanian people proclaim, in particular, the intangible guarantee of the following rights and principles:
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- the right of property;
… (Preamble) - Arabic...
نظرا إلي أن الحرّية و المساواة و كرامة الإنسان يستحيل ضمانها إلا في ظلّ مجتمع يكرّس سيادة القانون، و حرصا منه على خلق الظّروف الثّابتة لنموّ اجتماعي منسجم ، يحترم أحكام الدّين الإسلامي ، المصدر الوحيد للقانون ، و يلائم متطلّبات العالم الحديث ، يعلن الشّعب الموريتاني على وجه الخصوص الضّمان الأكيد للحقوق و المبادئ التالية:
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- حقّ الملكية،
... (الدّيباجة) - French…
Considérant que la liberté, l'égalité et la dignité de l'Homme ne peuvent être assurées que dans une société qui consacre la primauté du droit, soucieux de créer les conditions durables d'une évolution sociale harmonieuse, respectueuse des préceptes de l'Islam, seule source de droit et ouverte aux exigences du monde moderne, le peuple mauritanien proclame, en particulier, la garantie intangible des droits et principes suivants :
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- le droit de propriété ;
… (Préambule)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishWE HEREBY ACKNOWLEDGE that, subject to any restrictions imposed by law on noncitizens, all persons in our country are entitled to the fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual, that is to say, the right, whatever their race, tribe, places of origin, political opinion, colour, creed or sex, but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and for the legitimate public interest, to each of the following:-
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(f) protection for the privacy of their homes and other property and from unjust deprivation of property,
… (Preamble, Basic Rights)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishIt is the duty of the state to adopt measures to protect the rights and interests of the indigenous communities in the country, especially of the lands and forests in which they are settled. (Art. 346)
- SpanishEs deber del Estado dictar medidas de protección de los derechos e intereses de las comunidades indígenas existentes en el país, especialmente de las tierras y bosques donde estuvieren asentadas. (Art. 346)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
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– Private property shall be protected. No one shall be prohibited from disposing of their property except within the limits of the law, ...
– Inheritance is a guaranteed right, governed by Islamic Sharia.
... (Art. 14) - Arabic
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– الملكية الخاصة مصونة، فلا يمنع أحد من التصرف في ملكه إلا في حدود القانون، ...
– الميراث حق مكفول، تحكمه الشريعة الإسلامية.
… (المادّة ١٤)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe Law determines the fundamental principles:
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- of the regime of property, of real rights and of civil and commercial obligations;
… (Art. 100) - FrenchLa loi détermine les principes fondamentaux :
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- du régime de la propriété, des droits réels et des obligations civiles et commerciales ;
... (Art. 100)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishTongan male subjects by birth of or over the age of 16 years may be granted town allotments and tax allotments out of estates granted in pursuance of this Constitution with the consent of or upon consultation with the estate holder and out of the lands of the Crown, by the Minister of Lands. Such allotments shall be hereditary and shall be of such size and at an annual rent as may be determined by law. A widow shall have the right to succeed according to law, to her deceased husband's tax and town allotments. (Clause 113)
- TonganKo e kakai tangata kuo fa‘ele‘i ko e Tonga ‘oku pe laka hake ‘i he 16 honau ta‘u motu‘a ‘e ngofua ke foaki atu ke nau ma‘u ‘api kolo mo ‘api tukuhau mei he ngaahi tofi‘a kuo foaki ‘o fakatatau mo e Konisitutone ‘i he loto ki ai pe ‘i ha feongoongoi mo e ma‘u tofi‘a pea mei he ngaahi tofi‘a ‘o e Pule‘anga, ‘e he Minisita Fonua. Kuo pau ke tukufakaholo ‘a e ngaahi ‘api koia pea ko e me‘a ki hono lahi mo e lisi fakata‘u kuo pau ke tu‘utu‘uni ki ai ‘a e lao. Kuo pau ke ma‘u ‘e he uitou fakatatau ki he lao ‘a e totonu ke ne ma‘u ‘a e ‘api tukuhau mo e ‘api kolo ‘o hono mali kuo pekia. (Kupu 113)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishPrivate property acquired by juridical or natural persons is guaranteed in accordance with the law. (Art. 47)
- SpanishSe garantiza la propiedad privada adquirida con arreglo a la Ley por personas jurídicas o naturales. (Art. 47)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishThe State shall guarantee the freedom and inviolability of private property. … (Basic Law, Art. 18)
- Arabicتكفل الدولة حرّية الملكيّة الخاصّة وحرمته. ... (النظام الأساسي، المادة 18)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English...
(4) For the purposes of this section—
(a) the public interest includes the nation’s commitment to land reform, and to reforms to bring about equitable access to all South Africa’s natural resources; and
(b) property is not limited to land.
(5) The state must take reasonable legislative and other measures, within its available resources, to foster conditions which enable citizens to gain access to land on an equitable basis.
(6) A person or community whose tenure of land is legally insecure as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices is entitled, to the extent provided by an Act of Parliament, either to tenure which is legally secure or to comparable redress.
(7) A person or community dispossessed of property after 19 June 1913 as a result of past racially discriminatory laws or practices is entitled, to the extent provided by an Act of Parliament, either to restitution of that property or to equitable redress.
(8) No provision of this section may impede the state from taking legislative and other measures to achieve land, water and related reform, in order to redress the results of past racial discrimination, provided that any departure from the provisions of this section is in accordance with the provisions of section 36(1).
(9) Parliament must enact the legislation referred to in subsection (6). (Sec. 25)