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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishProperty rights shall be guaranteed.
… (Art. 58) - MontenegrinJemči se pravo svojine.
… (Član 58)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English1. The judicial power of Uganda shall be exercised by the courts of judicature which shall consist of-
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d. such subordinate courts as Parliament may by law establish, including qadhis courts for marriage, divorce, inheritance of property and guardianship, as may be prescribed by Parliament.
… (Art. 129)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishProperty shall be safe from violation. No one shall be forbidden from owning property and acquiring it, unless limited by the provisions of law. ... (Art. 40)
- Dariملكیت از تعرض مصؤن است. هیچ شخص از كسب ملكیت و تصرف در آن منع نمی شود، مگر در حدود احكام قانون. ... (مادۀ ۴۰)
- Pashtoملكيت له تيري څخه خوندى دى. هېڅوك د ملكيت د ترلاسه كولو او په هغه كې له تصرف كولو څخه نه منع كېږي، مگر د قانون د احكامو په حدودوكې. (۴۰ ماده)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishPrivate ownership, legitimately acquired, is to be respected. The relevant criteria are determined by law. (Art. 47)
- Persianمالکیت شخصی که از راه مشروع باشد محترم است. ضوابط آن را قانون معین میکند. (اصل 47)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English…
2. In the Russian Federation private, State, municipal and other forms of property shall be recognized and shall be protected on an equal basis. (Art. 8) - Russian…
2. В Российской Федерации признаются и защищаются равным образом частная, государственная, муниципальная и иные формы собственности. (Статья 8)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishIn this Constitution—
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“Communal Land” means land set aside under an Act of Parliament and held in accordance with customary law by members of a community under the leadership of a Chief;
… (Sec. 332)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishRural collective economic organizations practice the double-tier management system that combines unified and separate operations on the basis of the household-based output- related contracted responsibility system. Various forms of the cooperative economy in rural areas such as producers', supply and marketing, credit and consumers' cooperatives belong to the sector of the socialist economy under collective ownership by the working people. Working people who are members of rural economic collectives have the right, within the limits prescribed by law, to farm plots of cropland and hilly land allotted for private use, engage in household sideline production and raise privately owned livestock.
… (Art. 8) - Chinese农村集体经济组织实行家庭承包经营为基础、统分结合的双层经营体制。农村中的生产、供销、信用、消费等各种形式的合作经济,是社会主义劳动群众集体所有制经济。参加农村集体经济组织的劳动者,有权在法律规定的范围内经营自留地、自留山、家庭副业和饲养自留畜。
… (第八条)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English
The State protects the property rights (such as the rights of possession, use, usufruct and disposition) and the inheritance rights of individuals, legal entities and organisations in accordance with the laws.
Lands, minerals, water sources, air, forests, forest products, aquatic and wild animals, and other natural resources are a national heritage, and the State is the centralized and unified representative to manage in accordance with the laws. (Art. 17) - Lao
ລັດປົກປ້ອງສິດກ່ຽວກັບກໍາມະສິດ (ສິດຄອບຄອງ, ສິດນໍາໃຊ້, ສິດໄດ້ຮັບໝາກຜົນ, ສິດຊີ້ຂາດ) ແລະ ສິດສືບທອດຊັບສົມບັດຂອງບຸກຄົນ, ນິຕິບຸກຄົນ ແລະ ການຈັດຕັ້ງ ຕາມກົດໝາຍ .
ທີ່ດິນ, ແຮ່ທາດ, ນໍ້າ, ອາກາດ, ປ່າໄມ້, ເຄື່ອງປ່າຂອງດົງ, ສັດນໍ້າ, ສັດປ່າ,ຊັບພະຍາກອນທໍາມະຊາດອື່ນ ເປັນກໍາມະສິດຂອງວົງຄະນະຍາດແຫ່ງຊາດ, ຊື່ງລັດ ເປັນຕົວແທນ ແລະ ຄຸ້ມຄອງ ຢ່າງລວມສຸນເປັນອະກະພາບ ໃນຂອບເຂດທົ່ວປະເທດ ຕາມກົດໝາຍ. (ມາດຕາ 17) (ປັບປຸງ)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- EnglishCongress is empowered:
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17.- To recognize the ethnic and cultural pre-existence of indigenous peoples of Argentina.
To guarantee respect for the identity and the right to bilingual and intercultural education; to recognize the legal capacity of their communities, and the community possession and ownership of the lands they traditionally occupy; and to regulate the granting of other lands adequate and sufficient for human development; none of them shall be sold, transmitted or subject to liens or attachments. To guarantee their participation in issues related to their natural resources and in other interests affecting them. The provinces may jointly exercise these powers.
… (Sec. 75) - SpanishCorresponde al Congreso:
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17. Reconocer la preexistencia étnica y cultural de los pueblos indígenas argentinos.
Garantizar el respeto a su identidad y el derecho a una educación bilingüe e intercultural; reconocer la personería jurídica de sus comunidades, y la posesión y propiedad comunitarias de las tierras que tradicionalmente ocupan; y regular la entrega de otras aptas y suficientes para el desarrollo humano; ninguna de ellas será enajenable, transmisible ni susceptible de gravámenes o embargos. Asegurar su participación en la gestión referida a sus recursos naturales y a los demás intereses que los afecten. Las provincias pueden ejercer concurrentemente estas atribuciones.
... (Art. 75)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
- English(1) Any land in a State which immediately before Merdeka Day was a Malay reservation in accordance with the existing law may continue as a Malay reservation in accordance with that law until otherwise provided by an Enactment of the Legislature of that State,
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(2) Any land in a State which is not for the time being a Malay reservation in accordance with the existing law and has not been developed or cultivated may be declared as a Malay reservation in accordance with that law:
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(3) Subject to Clause (4), the Government of any State may, in accordance with the existing law, declare as a Malay reservation—
(a) any land acquired by that Government by agreement for that purpose;
(b) on the application of the proprietor, and with the consent of every person having a right or interest therein, any other land,
and shall, in accordance with the existing law, immediately declare as a Malay reservation, in a case where any land ceases to be a Malay reservation, any other land of a similar character and of an area not exceeding the area of that land.
(4) Nothing in this Article shall authorize the declaration as a Malay reservation of any land which at the time of the declaration is owned or occupied by a person who is not a Malay or in or over which such a person has then any right or interest.
(5) Without prejudice to Clause (3), the Government of any State may, in accordance with law, acquire land for the settlement of Malays or other communities, and establish trusts for that purpose.
(6) In this Article “Malay reservation” means land reserved for alienation to Malays or to natives of the State in which it lies; and “Malay” includes any person who, under the law of the State in which he is resident, is treated as a Malay for the purposes of the reservation of land.
(7) Subject to Article 161A, this Article shall have effect notwithstanding any other provision of this Constitution; but (without prejudice to any such other provision) no land shall be retained or declared as a Malay reservation except as provided by this Article and Article 90.
(8) The provisions of this Article shall apply to the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya in the like manner that they apply to a State, save that Clause (1) in its application to the Federal Territories of Kuala Lumpur and Purtrajaya shall be modified to read that any land in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur or the Federal Territory of Putrajaya which immediately before Merdeka Day was a Malay reservation in accordance with the existing law may continue as a Malay reservation in accordance with that law until otherwise provided by an Act of Parliament passed by a majority of the total number of members of each House of Parliament and by the votes of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting in each House. (Art. 89) - Malay(1) Mana-mana tanah di sesuatu Negeri yang merupakan tanah simpanan Melayu sebaik sebelum Hari Merdeka mengikut undang-undang yang sedia ada boleh terus menjadi tanah simpanan Melayu mengikut undang-undang itu sehingga diperuntukkan selainnya oleh suatu Enakmen Badan Perundangan Negeri itu,
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(2) Mana-mana tanah di sesuatu Negeri yang pada masa ini bukan tanah simpanan Melayu mengikut undang-undang yang sedia ada dan yang belum dibangunkan atau dicucuk tanam boleh diisytiharkan sebagai tanah simpanan Melayu mengikut undangundang itu:
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(3) Tertakluk kepada Fasal (4), Kerajaan mana-mana Negeri boleh, mengikut undang-undang yang sedia ada, mengisytiharkan sebagai tanah simpanan Melayu—
(a) mana-mana tanah yang diambil oleh Kerajaan itu melalui perjanjian bagi maksud itu;
(b) mana-mana tanah lain, apabila permohonan dibuat oleh tuan punya tanah itu, dan dengan persetujuan tiap-tiap orang yang mempunyai hak atau kepentingan mengenainya,
dan hendaklah, mengikut undang-undang yang sedia ada, dengan serta-merta mengisytiharkan sebagai tanah simpanan Melayu, dalam hal jika mana-mana tanah terhenti menjadi tanah simpanan Melayu, mana-mana tanah lain yang sama jenisnya dengan tanah itu dan yang luasnya tidak melebihi keluasan tanah itu.
(4) Tiada apa-apa jua dalam Perkara ini boleh membenarkan diisytiharkan sebagai tanah simpanan Melayu mana-mana tanah yang pada masa perisytiharan itu dipunyai atau diduduki oleh seseorang yang bukan seorang Melayu atau yang mengenainya atau ke atasnya orang itu ketika itu mempunyai apa-apa hak atau kepentingan.
(5) Tanpa menjejaskan Fasal (3), Kerajaan mana-mana Negeri boleh, mengikut undang-undang, mengambil tanah untuk menempatkan orang Melayu atau kaum lain, dan mewujudkan amanah bagi maksud itu.
(6) Dalam Perkara ini “tanah simpanan Melayu” ertinya tanah yang disimpan untuk diberi hakmilik kepada orang Melayu atau kepada anak negeri bagi Negeri tempat terletaknya tanah itu; dan “orang Melayu” termasuklah mana-mana orang yang, di bawah undang-undang Negeri tempat dia bermastautin, dikira sebagai orang Melayu bagi maksud perizaban tanah.
(7) Tertakluk kepada Perkara 161A, Perkara ini hendaklah berkuat kuasa walau apa pun apa-apa peruntukan lain dalam perlembagaan ini; tetapi (tanpa menjejaskan mana-mana peruntukan lain yang sedemikian) tiada tanah boleh dikekalkan atau diisytiharkan sebagai tanah simpanan Melayu kecuali sebagaimana yang diperuntukkan oleh Perkara ini dan Perkara 90.
(8) Peruntukan Perkara ini hendaklah terpakai bagi Wilayah-Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur dan Putrajaya mengikut cara yang sama sebagaimana peruntukan Perkara ini terpakai bagi sesuatu Negeri, kecuali bahawa Fasal (1) dalam pemakaiannya bagi Wilayah-Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur dan Putrajaya hendaklah diubahsuaikan supaya dibaca bahawa mana-mana tanah di dalam Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur dan Wilayah Persekutuan Putrajaya yang sebaik sebelum Hari Merdeka ialah tanah simpanan Melayu mengikut undang-undang yang sedia ada boleh terus menjadi tanah simpanan Melayu mengikut undang-undang itu sehingga diperuntukkan selainnya oleh Akta Parlimen yang diluluskan oleh majoriti jumlah bilangan ahli setiap Majlis Parlimen dan dengan undi tidak kurang daripada dua pertiga daripada ahli-ahli yang hadir dan mengundi di dalam setiap Majlis Parlimen. (Perkara 89)