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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishThe exercise and enjoyment of rights and freedoms is inseparable from the performance of duties and obligations, and accordingly, it shall be the duty of every citizen to -
(a) uphold and defend this Constitution and the law;
… (Sec. 63)
Status of the Constitution
- English…
Every person is obligated to obey the Constitution and the laws.
… (Art. 95) - Spanish...
Toda persona está obligada a cumplir la Constitución y las leyes.
... (Art. 95)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishThe supreme law of the Republic is the Constitution. [The Constitution], the treaties, conventions and international agreements approved and ratified, the laws dictated by the Congress and other juridical provisions of inferior hierarchy, sanctioned in consequence, integrate the positive national law [derecho positivo] in the enounced order of preference [prelación].
Whoever attempts to change that order, outside [al margen de] the procedures specified in this Constitution, would incur in the crimes that will be classified and punished in the law.
This Constitution will not lose its force or stop being observed because of acts of force nor may [it] be abrogated [derogada] by any other means different from the ones it provides [dispone].
All the provisions or acts of authority opposed to that established in this Constitution lack validity [validez]. (Art. 137) - SpanishLa ley suprema de la República es la Constitución. Esta, los tratados, convenios y acuerdos internacionales aprobados y ratificados, las leyes dictadas por el Congreso y otras disposiciones jurídicas de inferior jerarquía, sancionadas en consecuencia, integran el derecho positivo nacional en el orden de prelación enunciado.
Quienquiera que intente cambiar dicho orden, al margen de los procedimientos previstos en esta Constitución, incurrirá en los delitos que se tipificarán y penarán en la ley.
Esta Constitución no perderá su vigencia ni dejará de observarse por actos de fuerza o fuera derogada por cualquier otro medio distinto del que ella dispone.
Carecen de validez todas las disposiciones o actos de autoridad opuestos a lo establecido en esta Constitución. (Art. 137)
Status of the Constitution
- English
Respecting the Basic Statute of the State, laws, royal decrees and orders, and regulations and decisions issued by public authorities in the implementation of them, as well as observing public order and respecting public morality, is a duty on citizens, residents, and those present in the Sultanate. (Art. 47)
- Arabic
احترام النظام الأساسي للدولة، والقوانين، والمراسيم والأوامر السلطانية، واللوائح، والقرارات الصادرة من السلطات العامة تنفيذا لها، ومراعاة النظام العام، واحترام الآداب العامة واجب على المواطنين والمقيمين والموجودين في السلطنة. (المادّة ٤٧)
Status of the Constitution
- English
The constitutionality of Acts of Parliament and treaties shall not be reviewed by the courts. (Art. 120)
- Dutch
De rechter treedt niet in de beoordeling van de grondwettigheid van wetten en verdragen. (Art. 120)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishIf the Constitutional Court referred to [the matter] by the President of the Republic or by a Deputy, has declared that an international engagement contains a clause contrary to the Constitution, the authorization to ratify it or to approve it may only intervene after the revision of the Constitution.
A law authorizing the ratification or the approval of an international engagement may not be promulgated and enter into force when it has been declared nonconforming to the Constitution. (Art. 150) - FrenchSi la Cour constitutionnelle, saisie par le président de la République ou un député a déclaré qu'un engagement international comporte une clause contraire à la loi fondamentale, l'autorisation de la ratifier ou de l'approuver ne peut intervenir qu'après la révision de la Constitution.
Une loi autorisant la ratification ou l'approbation d'un engagement international ne peut être promulguée et entrer en vigueur lorsqu'elle a été déclarée non conforme à la Constitution. (Art. 150)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishJudges shall administer justice subject to the Constitution, international human rights instruments and the law.
… (Art. 172) - SpanishLas juezas y jueces administrarán justicia con sujeción a la Constitución, a los instrumentos internacionales de derechos humanos y a la ley.
… (Art. 172)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishThe Constitution is the supreme law and foundation of the legal order. All persons and organs exercising Public Power are subject to this Constitution. (Art. 7)
- SpanishLa Constitución es la norma suprema y el fundamento del ordenamiento jurídico. Todas las personas y los órganos que ejercen el Poder Público están sujetos a esta Constitución. (Art. 7)
Status of the Constitution
- EnglishThis Constitution is the supreme law of the Republic of Singapore and any law enacted by the Legislature after the commencement of this Constitution which is inconsistent with this Constitution shall, to the extent of the inconsistency, be void. (Art. 4)
Status of the Constitution
- English…
(5) In Romania, the observance of the Constitution, its supremacy and the laws shall be mandatory. (Art. 1) - Romanian…
(5) În România, respectarea Constituţiei, a supremaţiei sale şi a legilor este obligatorie. (Art. 1)