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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Customary Law
- English(1) Freedom based on law consists of the least restriction on the activities of individuals consistent with the public welfare and the maintenance and development of Tuvalu and Tuvaluan society in accordance with this Constitution and, in particular, in accordance with the Principles set out in the Preamble.
(2) Everyone has the right to freedom based on law, and accordingly, subject to this Constitution -
(a) everyone has the legal right to do anything that —
(i) does not injure others or interfere with the rights and freedoms of others; and
(ii) is not prohibited by law; and
(b) no-one may be -
(i) legally obliged to do anything that is not required by law; or
(ii) prevented by law from doing anything that complies with the provisions of paragraph (a).
(3) This section is not intended to deny the existence, nature or effect of cultural, social, civic, family or religious obligations, or other obligations of a nonlegal nature, or to prevent such obligations being given effect by law if, and so far as, it may be thought appropriate to do so. (Sec. 10)
Customary Law
- EnglishI. The rural native indigenous autonomies shall exercise the following exclusive authorities:
…
8. Exercise of rural native indigenous jurisdiction for the application of justice and the resolution of conflict through their own norms and procedures in accordance with the Constitution and the law.
… (Art. 304) - SpanishI. Las autonomías indígena originario campesinas podrán ejercer las siguientes competencias exclusivas:
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8. Ejercicio de la jurisdicción indígena originaria campesina para la aplicación de justicia y resolución de conflictos a través de normas y procedimientos propios de acuerdo a la Constitución y la ley.
… (Art. 304)
Customary Law
- English(1) Subject to clause (2) of this article, the State shall take steps to encourage the integration of appropriate customary values into the fabric of national life through formal and informal education and the conscious introduction of cultural dimensions to relevant aspects of national planning.
(2) The State shall ensure that appropriate customary and cultural values are adapted and developed as an integral part of the growing needs of the society as a whole; and in particular that traditional practices which are injurious to the health and well-being of the person are abolished.
… (Art. 39)
Customary Law
- EnglishWhere a traditional leader or cultural leader exists in a region the traditional or cultural leader shall-
a. be the titular head of the regional government;
b. be the titular head of the regional assembly and shall open, address and close the sessions of the regional assembly; and
c. enjoy the benefits, privileges and roles as provided for in article 246 of this Constitution and by Parliament and the regional assembly. (Fifth Schedule: Regional governments, Art. 8)
Customary Law
- English1. Parliament by enactment shall formalise the recognition of appropriate customary institutions or procedures to resolve land ownership or any disputes over custom land.
2. Parliament may recognise an institution as a customary institution by enactment for the purposes of subarticle (1).
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5. Where consequent to the provisions of this Chapter there is a dispute concerning the custom ownership of land the government may hold such land and manage it in the interests of disputing parties until the dispute is resolved. (Art. 78) - French1) Le Parlement formalise par la Loi la reconnaissance d’une institution coutumière compétente ou d’une procédure pertinente pour résoudre la question de propriété foncière ou tout litige lié aux terres coutumières.
2) Le Parlement peut, par la loi, reconnaître une institution coutumière aux fins du paragraphe 1).
...
5) Lorsque l’application des dispositions du présent Titre entraîne un litige concernant la propriété coutumière d’une terre, l’État peut sur accord des parties au litige détenir et gérer cette terre au profit des parties au litige jusqu’à la résolution du litige. (Art. 78)
Customary Law
- English(1) This Constitution is the supreme law of Zimbabwe and any law, practice, custom or conduct inconsistent with it is invalid to the extent of the inconsistency.
… (Sec. 2)
Customary Law
- English
1 No person may cover their face in public spaces or in places that are accessible to the public or where services are offered to anyone wishing to partake of them; the ban does not apply to places of worship.
2 No person may force another person to cover their face on the grounds of their sex.
3 The law shall provide for exceptions. These may only be justified on the grounds of health, safety, weather conditions or local custom. (Art. 10a) - French
1 Nul ne peut se dissimuler le visage dans l’espace public, ni dans les lieux accessibles au public ou dans lesquels sont fournies des prestations ordinairement accessibles par tout un chacun; l’interdiction n’est pas applicable dans les lieux de culte.
2 Nul ne peut contraindre une personne de se dissimuler le visage en raison de son sexe.
3 La loi prévoit des exceptions. Celles-ci ne peuvent être justifiées que par des raisons de santé ou de sécurité, par des raisons climatiques ou par des coutumes locales. (Art. 10a) - German
1 Niemand darf sein Gesicht im öffentlichen Raum und an Orten verhüllen, die öffentlich zugänglich sind oder an denen grundsätzlich von jedermann beanspruchbare Dienstleistungen angeboten werden; das Verbot gilt nicht für Sakralstätten.
2 Niemand darf eine Person zwingen, ihr Gesicht aufgrund ihres Geschlechts zu verhüllen.
3 Das Gesetz sieht Ausnahmen vor. Diese umfassen ausschliesslich Gründe der Gesundheit, der Sicherheit, der klimatischen Bedingungen und des einheimischen Brauchtums. (Art. 10a) - Italian
1 Nessuno può dissimulare il proprio viso negli spazi pubblici né nei luoghi accessibili al pubblico o nei quali sono fornite prestazioni in linea di massima accessibili a ognuno; il divieto non si applica ai luoghi di culto.
2 Nessuno può obbligare una persona a dissimulare il viso a causa del suo sesso.
3 La legge prevede eccezioni. Queste possono essere giustificate esclusivamente da motivi inerenti alla salute, alla sicurezza, alle condizioni climatiche e alle usanze locali. (Art. 10a)
Customary Law
- EnglishThe traditional authorities shall be the entities which personify and exercise power within the respective political and community organisations, in accordance with the values and norms of customary law and respecting the Constitution and the law. (Art. 224)
- PortugueseAs autoridades tradicionais são entidades que personificam e exercem o poder no seio da respectiva organização político-comunitária tradicional, de acordo com os valores e normas consuetudinários e no respeito pela Constituição e pela lei. (Art. 224)
Customary Law
- EnglishCitizens belonging to ethnic communities shall have the right to foster their language, culture, and customs. (Art. 37)
- LithuanianPiliečiai, priklausantys tautinėms bendrijoms, turi teisę puoselėti savo kalbą, kultūrą ir papročius. (37 straipsnis)
Customary Law
- English(1) For the purpose of exercising any jurisdiction conferred upon it by this Constitution or any other law, the Court of Appeal shall be duly constituted if it consists of not less than three Justices of the Court of Appeal and in the case of appeals from –
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(b) a Customary Court of Appeal, if it consists of not less than three Justices of Court of Appeal learned in Customary law. (Sec. 247)