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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.

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Obligations of the State

Portugal
  • English
    Jointly with the officeholders of their entities and organs and their staff and agents, the state and other public entities are civilly liable for actions or omissions that are committed in or because of the exercise of their functions and result in a breach of rights, freedoms or guarantees or in a loss to others. (Art. 22)
  • Portuguese
    O Estado e as demais entidades públicas são civilmente responsáveis, em forma solidária com os titulares dos seus órgãos, funcionários ou agentes, por acções ou omissões praticadas no exercício das suas funções e por causa desse exercício, de que resulte violação dos direitos, liberdades e garantias ou prejuízo para outrem. (Art. 22)

Obligations of the State

San Marino
  • English
    Human rights shall be inviolable. (Art. 5)
  • Italian
    I diritti della persona umana sono inviolabili. (Art. 5)

Obligations of the State

Spain
  • English
    (1) Organic laws are those relating to the development of fundamental rights …
    (2) The approval, amendment or repeal of the organic laws shall require the overall majority of the Members of Congress in a final vote on the bill as a whole. (Sec. 81)
  • Spanish
    1. Son leyes orgánicas las relativas al desarrollo de los derechos fundamentales …
    2. La aprobación, modificación o derogación de las leyes orgánicas exigirá mayoría absoluta del Congreso, en una votación final sobre el conjunto del proyecto. (Art. 81)

Obligations of the State

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
  • English

    Nothing in this Convention may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein or at their limitation to a greater extent than is provided for in the Convention. (Art. 17 of ECHR, Human Rights Act 1998 Schedule 1)

Obligations of the State

Andorra
  • English
    The exercise of the rights recognised in this Title may only be regulated by law. The rights in chapter III5 and IV6 shall be regulated by means of qualified laws. (Art. 40)
  • Catalan
    La regulació de l'exercici dels drets reconeguts en aquest Títol només es pot dur a terme per llei. Els drets dels capítols III i IV s'han de regular mitjançant lleis qualificades. (Art. 40)

Obligations of the State

Croatia
  • English
    All persons in the Republic of Croatia shall enjoy rights and freedoms, regardless of race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, education, social status or other status.
    … (Art. 14)
  • Croatian
    Svatko u Republici Hrvatskoj ima prava i slobode, neovisno o njegovoj rasi, boji kože, spolu, jeziku, vjeri, političkom ili drugom uvjerenju, nacionalnom ili socijalnom podrijetlu, imovini, rođenju, naobrazbi, društvenom položaju ili drugim osobinama.
    … (Članak 14)

Obligations of the State

France
  • English
    In the morrow of the victory achieved by the free peoples over the regimes that had sought to enslave and degrade humanity, the people of France proclaim anew that each human being, without distinction of race, religion or creed, possesses sacred and inalienable rights. They solemnly reaffirm the rights and freedoms of man and the citizen enshrined in the Declaration of Rights of 1789 and the fundamental principles acknowledged in the laws of the Republic. (1946 Preamble, Sec. 1)
  • French
    Au lendemain de la victoire remportée par les peuples libres sur les régimes qui ont tenté d'asservir et de dégrader la personne humaine, le peuple français proclame à nouveau que tout être humain, sans distinction de race, de religion ni de croyance, possède des droits inaliénables et sacrés. Il réaffirme solennellement les droits et libertés de l'homme et du citoyen consacrés par la Déclaration des droits de 1789 et les principes fondamentaux reconnus par les lois de la République. (Préambule 1946, Sec. 1)

Obligations of the State

Lithuania
  • English
    Human rights and freedoms shall be innate. (Art. 18)
  • Lithuanian
    Žmogaus teisės ir laisvės yra prigimtinės. (18 straipsnis)

Obligations of the State

North Macedonia
  • English

    The citizens of the Republic of North Macedonia, … establish the Republic of North Macedonia as an independent, sovereign state, with the intention of establishing and consolidating the rule of law, guaranteeing human rights and civil liberties, … (Preamble)5

  • Macedonian

    Граѓаните на Република Северна Македонија, ... ја конституираат Република Северна Македонија како самостојна, суверена држава, со намера да се воспостави и зацврсти владеењето на правото, да се гарантираат човековите права и граѓанските слободи, … (Preamble)

Obligations of the State

Russian Federation
  • English
    We, the multinational people of the Russian Federation,
    …
    establishing human rights and freedoms, civil peace and accord, … (Preamble)
  • Russian
    Мы, многонациональный народ Российской Федерации,
    …
    утверждая права и свободы человека, гражданский мир и согласие, … (Преамбула)