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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English(1) If any person alleges that any of the provisions of sections 2 to 15 (inclusive)4 of this Constitution has been, is being or is likely to be contravened in relation to him (or, in the case of a person who is detained, if any other person alleges such a contravention in relation to the detained person), then without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available, that person (or that other person) may apply to the High Court for redress.
(2) The High Court shall have original jurisdiction-
(a) to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of subsection (1) of this section; and
(b) to determine any question arising in the case of any person which is referred to it in pursuance of subsection (3) of this section and may make such declarations or orders, issue such writs and give such direction as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of section 2 to 15 (inclusive) of this Constitution:
Provided that the High Court may decline to exercise its powers under this subsection if it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the contravention alleged are or have been available to the person concerned under any other law.
(3) If in any proceedings in any court (other than the Court of Appeal, the High Court or a court martial) any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of section 2 to 15 (inclusive) of this Constitution, the person presiding in that court may, and shall if any party to the proceedings so request, refer the question to the High Court unless, in his opinions, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
(4) Where any question is referred to the High Court in pursuance of subsection (3) of this section, the High Court shall give its decision upon the question and the court in which the question arose shall dispose of the case in accordance with that decision or, if that decision is the subject of an appeal to the Court of Appeal or to Her Majesty in Council, in accordance with the decision of the Court of Appeal or, as the case may be, of Her Majesty in Council.
(5) Parliament may confer upon the High Court such powers in addition to those conferred by this section as may appear to be necessary or desirable for the purpose of enabling that court more effectively to exercise the jurisdiction conferred upon it by this section.
(6) The Chief Justice may make rules with respect to the practice and procedure of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction and powers conferred on it by or under this section (including rules with respect to the time within which applications may be brought and references shall be made to the High Court). (Sec. 16)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) This Chapter7 binds the legislative, executive and judicial branches of government at all levels, and every person performing the functions of any public office.
… (Sec. 6) - iTaukei(1) Na Wase qo e kovuta na tabana ni bulilawa, mataveilewai kei na veiliutaki vakamatanitu, okati kina na tamata cakacaka ena valenivolavola ni lewenivanua.
… (Sec. 6)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) An appeal to the Court of Appeal shall lie as of right from final decisions of the High Court given in exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on the High Court by section 24 (which relates to the enforcement of fundamental rights and freedoms).
(2) An appeal shall lie as of right to the Caribbean Court of Justice from any decision given by the Court of Appeal in any such case.
… (Sec. 87)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe Tribunals of the Federation will resolve any dispute that arises[:]
I. From general norms, acts or omissions of the authority that violates the human rights and the guarantees granted for their protection by this Constitution, as well as from the international treaties to which the Mexican State is party;
... (Art. 103) - SpanishLos Tribunales de la Federación resolverán toda controversia que se suscite
I. Por normas generales, actos u omisiones de la autoridad que violen los derechos humanos reconocidos y las garantías otorgadas para su protección por esta Constitución, así como por los tratados internacionales de los que el Estado Mexicano sea parte;
... (Art. 103)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) The right to move the Supreme Court by appropriate proceedings for the enforcement of the rights conferred by this Part4 is guaranteed.
(2) The Supreme Court shall have power to issue directions or orders or writs, including writs in the nature of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, quo warranto and certiorari, whichever may be appropriate, for the enforcement of any of the rights conferred by this Part.
(3) Without prejudice to the powers conferred on the Supreme Court by clauses (1) and (2), Parliament may by law empower any other court to exercise within the local limits of its jurisdiction all or any of the powers exercisable by the Supreme Court under clause (2).
(4) The right guaranteed by this article shall not be suspended except as otherwise provided for by this Constitution. (Art. 32) - Hindi(1) इस भाग द्वारा प्रदत्त अधिकारों को प्रवर्तित कराने के लिए समुचित कार्यवाहियों द्वारा उच्चतम न्यायालय में समावेदन करने का अधिकार प्रत्याभूत किया जाता है।
(2) इस भाग द्वारा प्रदत्त अधिकारों में से किसी को प्रवर्तित कराने के लिए उच्चतम न्यायालय को ऐसे निदेश या आदेश या रिट, जिनके अंतर्गत बंदी प्रत्यक्षीकरण, परमादेश, प्रतिषेध, अधिकार-पृष्छा और उत्प्रेषण रिट हैं, जो भी समुचित हो, निकालने की शक्ति होगी।
(3) उच्चतम न्यायालय को खंड (1) और खंड (2) द्वारा प्रदत्त शक्तियों पर प्रतिकूल प्रभाव डाले बिना, संसद, उच्चतम न्यायालय द्वारा खंड (2) के अधीन प्रयोक्तव्य किन्हीं या सभी शक्तियों का किसी अन्य न्यायालय को अपनी अधिकारिता की स्थानीय सीमाओं के भीतर प्रयोग करने के लिए विधि द्वारा सशक्त कर सकेगी।
(4) इस संविधान द्वारा अन्यथा उपबंधित के सिवाय, इस अनुच्छेद द्वारा प्रत्याभूत अधिकार निलंबित नहीं किया जाएगा। (अनुच्छेद 32)
Judicial Protection
- English
The High Court has the jurisdiction in relation to the interpretation, application and enforcement of this Constitution conferred by-
…
(b) Part II, Division 5 (Enforcement of the Bill of Rights);
… (Sec. 5)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishSubject to section 36, an appeal shall lie from decisions of the High Court to the Court of Appeal as of right in the following cases:
…
(b) final decisions given in exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on the High Court by section 18 (which relates to the enforcement of the fundamental rights and freedoms);
… (Sec. 98)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishWhen interpreting and applying the rights and freedoms contained within this Chapter, a court or tribunal shall promote the values that underlie an open and democratic society based on human dignity, equality and freedom, and shall consider international treaties to which the Maldives is a party. (Art. 68)
- Dhivehiކޯޓުތަކުންނާއި ޓްރައިބިއުނަލްތަކުން މި ބާބުގައި ބަޔާންކޮށްފައިވާ ޙައްޤުތަކާއިމިނިވަންކަން މާނަކުރުމުގައްޔާއި ލިބިދިނުމުގައި، އިންސާނީ ޝަރަފާއި ހަމަހަމަކަމާއި މިނިވަންކަމަށް ބިނާކޮށް އުފެދިފައިވާ، ހުޅުވިގެންވާ ދީމިޤްތާތީ މިޖްތަމަޢުތަކުން ޤަބޫލުކުރާ އުސޫލުތަކަށް ރިޢާޔަތްކޮށް އެ އުސޫލުތައް ނަގަހައްޓަންވާނެއެވެ. އަދި ދިވެހިރާއްގެ ބައިވެރިވެފައިވާ ބައިނަލްއަޤްވާމީ މުއާހަދާތަކަށް ރިޢާޔަތްކުރާންވާނެއެވެ. (ޤާނޫނުއަސާސީގެ 68 ވަނަ މާއްދާ)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) Any citizen of Nepal may file a petition in the Supreme Court to have any law or any part thereof declared void on the ground of inconsistency with this Constitution because it imposes unreasonable restriction on the enjoyment of any fundamental right conferred by this Constitution or on any other ground; or to have any law or any part thereof made by a Provincial Assembly declared void because it is inconsistent with any law made by the Federal Parliament; or to have any law or any part thereof made by a Municipal Assembly or Rural Municipal Assembly declared void because it is inconsistent with a law made by the Federal Parliament or the Provincial Assembly; the Supreme Court shall have an extra-ordinary power to declare such law to be void either ab initio or from the date of its decision in case the law in question appears to be so inconsistent.
(2) The Supreme Court shall, for the enforcement of the fundamental rights conferred by this Constitution or of any other legal right for which no other remedy has been provided for or for which the remedy even though provided appears to be inadequate or ineffective or for the settlement of any constitutional or legal question involved in any dispute of public interest or concern; have the extraordinary power to issue necessary and appropriate orders, provide appropriate remedies, enforce such right or settle such dispute.
… (Art. 133) - Nepali
(१) यस संविधानद्वारा प्रदत्त मौलिक हकउपर अनुचित बन्देज लगाइएको वा अन्य कुनै कारणले कुनै कानून यो संविधानसँग बाझिएको हुँदा त्यस्तो कानून वा त्यसको कुनै भाग वा प्रदेश सभाले बनाएको कुनै कानून संघीय संसदले बनाएको कुनै कानूनसँग बाझिएको वा नगर सभा वा गाउँ सभाले बनाएको कुनै कानून संघीय संसद वा प्रदेश सभाले बनाएको कुनै कानूनसँग बाझिएको हँुदा त्यस्तो कानून वा त्यसको कुनै भाग बदर घोषित गरी पाऊँ भनी कुनै पनि नेपाली नागरिकले सर्वोच्च अदालतमा निवेदन दिन सक्नेछ र सो अनुसार कुनै कानून बाझिएको देखिएमा सो कानूनलाई प्रारम्भदेखि नै वा निर्णय भएको मितिदेखि अमान्य र बदर घोषित गर्ने असाधारण अधिकार सर्वोच्च अदालतलाई हुनेछ ।
(२) यस संविधानद्वारा प्रदत्त मौलिक हकको प्रचलनकालागि वा अर्को उपचारको व्यवस्था नभएको वा अर्को उपचारको व्यवस्था भए पनि त्यस्तो उपचार अपर्याप्त वा प्रभावहीन देखिएको अन्य कुनै कानूनी हकको प्रचलनकालागि वा सार्वजनिक हक वा सरोकारको कुनै विवादमा समावेश भएको कुनै संवैधानिक वा कानूनी प्रश्नको निरूपणकालागि आवश्यक र उपयुक्त आदेश जारी गर्ने, उचित उपचार प्रदान गर्ने, त्यस्तो हकको प्रचलन गराउने वा विवाद टुंगो लगाउने असाधारण अधिकार सर्वोच्च अदालतलाई हुनेछ ।
... (धारा १३३)
Judicial Protection
- English
The Constitutional Court[,]
- decides obligatorily on:
…
• the constitutionality of the laws and of the regulatory acts supposedly infringing the fundamental rights of the human person and the public freedoms and in general, on the violation of the rights of the human person;
… (Art. 117) - French
La Cour constitutionnelle statue obligatoirement sur:
…
- la constitutionnalité des lois et des actes réglementaires censés porter atteinte aux droits fondamentaux de la personne humaine et aux libertés publiques en général, sur la violation des droits de la personne humaine;
… (Art. 117)