SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English(1) Everyone may assert, through the prescribed procedure, her rights before an independent and impartial court or, in specified cases, before another body.
(2) Unless a law provides otherwise, a person who claims that her rights were curtailed by a decision of a public administrative authority may turn to a court for review of the legality of that decision. However, judicial review of decisions affecting the fundamental rights and freedoms listed in this Charter may not be removed from the jurisdiction of courts.
… (Charter, Art. 36) - Czech(1) Každý se může domáhat stanoveným postupem svého práva u nezávislého a nestranného soudu a ve stanovených případech u jiného orgánu.
(2) Kdo tvrdí, že byl na svých právech zkrácen rozhodnutím orgánu veřejné správy, může se obrátit na soud, aby přezkoumal zákonnost takového rozhodnutí, nestanoví-li zákon jinak. Z pravomoci soudu však nesmí být vyloučeno přezkoumávání rozhodnutí týkajících se základních práv a svobod podle Listiny.
… (Listina, Čl. 36)
Judicial Protection
- English1. If any person alleges that any of the provisions of sections 4 to 21 (inclusive)5 of this Constitution has been, is being or is likely to be contravened in relation to him (or, in the case of a person who is detained, if any other person alleges such a contravention in relation to the detained person), then, without prejudice to any other action with respect to the same matter which is lawfully available, that person (or that other person) may apply to the High Court for redress.
2. The High Court shall have original jurisdiction—
a. to hear and determine any application made by any person in pursuance of subsection (1); and
b. to determine any question arising in the case of any person which is referred to it in pursuance of subsection (3), and may make such orders, issue such process and give such directions as it may consider appropriate for the purpose of enforcing or securing the enforcement of any of the provisions of sections 4 to 21 (inclusive) of this Constitution:
Provided that the High Court may decline to exercise its powers under this subsection if it is satisfied that adequate means of redress for the contravention alleged are or have been available to the person concerned under any other law.
3. If in any proceedings in any subordinate court any question arises as to the contravention of any of the provisions of sections 4 to 21 (inclusive) of this Constitution, the person presiding in that court may, and shall if any party to the proceedings so requests, refer the question to the High Court unless, in his opinion, the raising of the question is merely frivolous or vexatious.
… (Sec. 22)
Judicial Protection
- English
...
Every person shall have the right to apply to the Constitutional Court concerning the acts specified in the first and second paragraphs of Article 1053 if a decision adopted on the basis of these acts has violated the constitutional rights or freedoms of the person and the person has exhausted all legal remedies. The procedure for implementing this right shall be established by the Law on the Constitutional Court.
... (Art. 106) - Lithuanian
…
Kiekvienas asmuo turi teisę kreiptis į Konstitucinį Teismą dėl Konstitucijos 105 straipsnio pirmojoje ir antrojoje dalyse nurodytų aktų, jeigu jų pagrindu priimtas sprendimas pažeidė šio asmens konstitucines teises ar laisves ir šis asmuo išnaudojo visas teisinės gynybos priemones. Šios teisės įgyvendinimo tvarką nustato Konstitucinio Teismo įstatymas.
... (106 straipsnis)
Judicial Protection
- English1. It shall be the function of the courts to guarantee and strengthen the rule of law as an instrument of legal stability, to guarantee respect for the laws, to safeguard the rights and freedoms of citizens, as well as the vested interests of other bodies and entities that have legal existence.
… (Art. 211) - Portuguese1. Os tribunais têm como objectivo garantir e reforçar a legalidade como factor da estabilidade jurídica, garantir o respeito pelas leis, assegurar os direitos e liberdades dos cidadãos, assim como os interesses jurídicos dos diferentes órgãos e entidades com existência legal.
... (Art. 211)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court shall be an autonomous and independent state body which shall protect constitutionality and legality, as well as human and minority rights and freedoms.
The Constitutional Court decisions are final, enforceable and generally binding. (Art. 166) - Serbian CyrillicУставни суд је самосталан и независан државни орган који штити уставност и законитост и људска и мањинска права и слободе.
Одлуке Уставног суда су коначне, извршне и општеобавезујуће. (Члан 166)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishAnyone listed in this section has the right to approach a competent court, alleging that a right in the Bill of Rights has been infringed or threatened, and the court may grant appropriate relief, including a declaration of rights. The persons who may approach a court are—
(a) anyone acting in their own interest;
(b) anyone acting on behalf of another person who cannot act in their own name;
(c) anyone acting as a member of, or in the interest of, a group or class of persons;
(d) anyone acting in the public interest; and
(e) an association acting in the interest of its members. (Sec. 38)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishAttributions of the Constitutional Tribunal are:
…
2. To resolve concerning the questions of constitutionality of the original decisions adopted by the Supreme Court, the Courts of Appeal and the Qualifying Tribunal of Elections;
…
In the case of Numeral 2, the Tribunal can take cognizance [of it] at the demand [requerimiento] of the President of the Republic, of either of the Chambers or of ten of their members. Additionally, any person who is part [of a] trial or process pending before an ordinary or special tribunal may demand the Tribunal [to take cognizance], when he is affected in the exercise of his fundamental rights by that established in the respective original decision.
… (Art. 93) - SpanishSon atribuciones del Tribunal Constitucional:
…
2º.- Resolver sobre las cuestiones de constitucionalidad de los autos acordados dictados por la Corte Suprema, las Cortes de Apelaciones y el Tribunal Calificador de Elecciones;
…
En el caso del número 2º, el Tribunal podrá conocer de la materia a requerimiento del Presidente de la República, de cualquiera de las Cámaras o de diez de sus miembros. Asimismo, podrá requerir al Tribunal toda persona que sea parte en juicio o gestión pendiente ante un tribunal ordinario o especial, o desde la primera actuación del procedimiento penal, cuando sea afectada en el ejercicio de sus derechos fundamentales por lo dispuesto en el respectivo auto acordado.
… (Art. 93)
Judicial Protection
- English1 The Federal Supreme Court hears disputes concerning violations of:
…
d. cantonal constitutional rights;
…
f. federal and cantonal provisions on political rights.
… (Art. 189) - French1 Le Tribunal fédéral connaît des contestations pour violation:
…
d. des droits constitutionnels cantonaux;
…
f. des dispositions fédérales et cantonales sur les droits politiques.
… (Art. 189) - German1 Das Bundesgericht beurteilt Streitigkeiten wegen Verletzung:
…
d. von kantonalen verfassungsmässigen Rechten;
…
f. von eidgenössischen und kantonalen Bestimmungen über die politischen Rechte.
… (Art. 189) - Italian1 Il Tribunale federale giudica le controversie per violazione:
…
d. dei diritti costituzionali cantonali;
…
f. delle disposizioni federali e cantonali sui diritti politici.
… (Art. 189)
Judicial Protection
- English1. Any person who claims that a fundamental or other right or freedom guaranteed under this Constitution has been infringed or threatened, is entitled to apply to a competent court for redress which may include compensation.
2. Any person or organisation may bring an action against the violation of another person's or group's human rights.
3. Any person aggrieved by any decision of the court may appeal to the appropriate court.
4. Parliament shall make laws for the enforcement of the rights and freedoms under this Chapter5. (Art. 50)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishProceedings for failure to comply shall be aimed at guaranteeing the application of rules and regulations comprising the legal system, as well as compliance with the rulings or reports of international human rights organizations, when the regulation or decision whose enforcement is being pursued contains an obligation to make it clear, express and enforceable. The petition shall be filed with the Constitutional Court. (Art. 93)
- SpanishLa acción por incumplimiento tendrá por objeto garantizar la aplicación de las normas que integran el sistema jurídico, así como el cumplimiento de sentencias o informes de organismos internacionales de derechos humanos, cuando la norma o decisión cuyo cumplimiento se persigue contenga una obligación de hacer o no hacer clara, expresa y exigible. La acción se interpondrá ante la Corte Constitucional. (Art. 93)