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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Judicial Protection
- English1. Appropriate principles of interpretation of this Constitution shall be developed and employed by the courts to reflect the unique character and supreme status of this Constitution.
2. In interpreting the provisions of this Constitution a court of law shall—
a. promote the values which underlie an open and democratic society;
b. take full account of the provisions of Chapter III and Chapter IV5; and
c. where applicable, have regard to current norms of public international law and comparable foreign case law.
3. Where a court of law declares an act of executive or a law to be invalid, that court may apply such interpretation of that act or law as is consistent with this Constitution.
4. Any law that ousts or purports to oust the jurisdiction of the courts to entertain matters pertaining to this Constitution shall be invalid. (Sec. 11)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishA.- In constitutional matters, the Supreme Court rules in sovereign fashion over:
…
2°) appeals on petitions for annulment, petitions to review validity and actions for damages arising from violations of these rights and freedoms prescribed in chapter III4 of the Constitution, and which are not referred to in subsection B of the present article.
… (Art. 90) - FrenchA. - En matière constitutionnelle, le Tribunal Suprême statue souverainement :
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2°) sur les recours en annulation, en appréciation de validité et en indemnité ayant pour objet une atteinte aux libertés et droits consacrés par le Titre III de la Constitution, et qui ne sont pas visés au paragraphe B du présent article.
… (Art. 90)
Judicial Protection
- English…
(2) The Supreme Court shall be presided over by the Chief Justice and shall hear and adjudicate upon appeals emanating from the High Court, including appeals which involve the interpretation, implementation and upholding of this Constitution and the fundamental rights and freedoms guaranteed thereunder. The Supreme Court shall also deal with matters referred to it for decision by the Attorney-General under this Constitution, and with such other matters as may be authorised by Act of Parliament.
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(4) The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court with regard to appeals shall be determined by Act of Parliament. (Art. 79)
Judicial Protection
- English
(1) The Constitutional Court shall commence the proceedings upon a petition submitted by:
...
g) The Public Defender of Rights in cases of conformity of legal regulations pursuant to Article 125.1, if their further application could threaten the basic rights and freedoms ensuing from an international treaty ratified by the Slovak Republic and promulgated in the manner laid down by law.
... (Art. 130) - Slovak
(1) Ústavný súd začne konanie, ak podá návrh
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g) verejný ochranca práv vo veciach súladu právnych predpisov podľa čl. 125 ods. 1, ak ich ďalšie uplatňovanie môţe ohroziť základné práva alebo slobody alebo ľudské práva a základné slobody vyplývajúce z medzinárodnej zmluvy, ktorú Slovenská republika ratifikovala a ktorá bola vyhlásená spôsobom ustanoveným zákonom,
... (Čl. 130)
Judicial Protection
- English1. The Supreme Court shall be the custodian of this Constitution and the constitutions of the states.
2. The Supreme Court shall exercise competences as follows:
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k. uphold and protect human rights and fundamental freedoms;
… (Art. 126)
Judicial Protection
- English
All persons are equal before the law, without any distinction whatsoever, Brazilians and foreigners residing in the country being ensured of inviolability of the right to life, to liberty, to equality, to security and to property, on the following terms:
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XXXV – the law shall not exclude any injury or threat to a right from the consideration of the Judicial Power;
XXXVI – the law shall not injure the vested right, the perfect juridical act and the res judicata;
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LXIX – a writ of mandamus shall be issued to protect a clear and perfect right, not covered by habeas corpus or habeas data, whenever the party responsible for the illegal actions or abuse of power is a public official or an agent of a corporate legal entity exercising duties of the Government;
LXX – a collective writ of mandamus may be filed by:
a) a political party represented in the National Congress;
b) a union, a professional association or an association legally constituted and in operation for at least one year, to defend the interests of its members or associates;
LXXI – a writ of injunction shall be granted whenever the absence of a regulatory provision disables the exercise of constitutional rights and liberties, as well as the prerogatives inherent to nationality, sovereignty and citizenship;
… (Art. 5) - Portuguese
Todos são iguais perante a lei, sem distinção de qualquer natureza, garantindo-se aos brasileiros e aos estrangeiros residentes no País a inviolabilidade do direito à vida, à liberdade, à igualdade, à segurança e à propriedade, nos termos seguintes:
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XXXV - a lei não excluirá da apreciação do Poder Judiciário lesão ou ameaça a direito;
XXXVI - a lei não prejudicará o direito adquirido, o ato jurídico perfeito e a coisa julgada;
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LXIX - conceder-se-á mandado de segurança para proteger direito líquido e certo, não amparado por habeas corpus ou habeas data, quando o responsável pela ilegalidade ou abuso de poder for autoridade pública ou agente de pessoa jurídica no exercício de atribuições do Poder Público;
LXX - o mandado de segurança coletivo pode ser impetrado por:
a) partido político com representação no Congresso Nacional;
b) organização sindical, entidade de classe ou associação legalmente constituída e em funcionamento há pelo menos um ano, em defesa dos interesses de seus membros ou associados;
LXXI - conceder-se-á mandado de injunção sempre que a falta de norma regulamentadora torne inviável o exercício dos direitos e liberdades constitucionais e das prerrogativas inerentes à nacionalidade, à soberania e à cidadania;
… (Art. 5)
Judicial Protection
- English(1) Subsection (2) applies in any proceedings in which a court determines whether a provision of primary legislation is compatible with a Convention right.
(2) If the court is satisfied that the provision is incompatible with a Convention right, it may make a declaration of that incompatibility.
(3) Subsection (4) applies in any proceedings in which a court determines whether a provision of subordinate legislation, made in the exercise of a power conferred by primary legislation, is compatible with a Convention right.
(4) If the court is satisfied—
(a) that the provision is incompatible with a Convention right, and
(b) that (disregarding any possibility of revocation) the primary legislation concerned prevents removal of the incompatibility, it may make a declaration of that incompatibility.
(5) In this section “court” means—
(a) the Supreme Court;
(b) the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council;
(c) the Court Martial Appeal Court;
(d) in Scotland, the High Court of Justiciary sitting otherwise than as a trial court or the Court of Session;
(e) in England and Wales or Northern Ireland, the High Court or the Court of Appeal.
(f) the Court of Protection, in any matter being dealt with by the President of the Family Division, the Chancellor of the High Court or a puisne judge of the High Court. (Human Rights Act 1998, Sec. 4)10
Judicial Protection
- English(1) In exercising judicial authority, members of the judiciary must be guided by the following principles—
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(c) the role of the courts is paramount in safeguarding human rights and freedoms and the rule of law.
… (Sec. 165)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishEvery person has the right to free access to justice and the effective, impartial and expeditious protection of their rights and interests, subject to the principles of immediate and swift enforcement; in no case shall there be lack of proper defense. Failure to abide by legal rulings shall be punishable by law. (Art. 75)
- SpanishToda persona tiene derecho al acceso gratuito a la justicia y a la tutela efectiva, imparcial y expedita de sus derechos e intereses, con sujeción a los principios de inmediación y celeridad; en ningún caso quedará en indefensión. El incumplimiento de las resoluciones judiciales será sancionado por la ley. (Art. 75)
Judicial Protection
- EnglishThe provisions of this Constitution that recognize rights of individuals (including corporations and associations) as well as those that confer powers or impose duties on public authorities, shall not be left without effect because of the lack of supporting, machinery or procedural laws, but the lack shall, as far as practicable, be supplied by the National Court in the light of the National Goals and Directive Principles, and by way of analogy from other laws, general principles of justice and generally-accepted doctrine. (Sec. 22)