SEARCH DATABASE
The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Subnational levels
- English...
VII. Elect, in the municipalities with indigenous population, representatives to the ayuntamientos [local or town councils], observing the principle of parity of gender in accordance with the applicable norms.
… (Art. 2) - Spanish…
VII. Elegir, en los municipios con población indígena, representantes ante los ayuntamientos, observando el principio de paridad de género conforme a las normas aplicables.
… (Art. 2)
Subnational levels
- English
(1) There shall be a Mayor in each Municipality as Head of the Municipal Executive. The Municipal Executive shall be formed under his or her chairpersonship.
(2) The Municipal Executive referred to in clause (1) shall consist of one Deputy Mayor, Ward Chairperson elected from each Ward and members elected pursuant to clause (4).
(3) The Mayor and the Deputy Mayor shall be elected by the voters residing within the concerned Municipal area by secret ballots on the basis of one person one vote, in accordance with the first past the post electoral system. Explanation: For the purposes of this Article, "Mayor" and "Deputy Mayor" mean the Mayor and the Deputy Mayor of the Municipal Executive.
(4) The members of the Municipal Executive shall also include five women members elected by the members of the Municipal Assembly from amongst themselves and three members elected by the Municipal Assembly from the Dalit or minority communities, in possession of the qualifications referred to in clause (5) within fifteen days after the final results of the election to the Municipal Assembly pursuant to Article 223.
… (Art. 216) - Nepali
(१) प्रत्येक नगरपालिकामा एक जना नगर कार्यपालिका प्रमुख रहनेछ । निजको अध्यक्षतामा नगर कार्यपालिका गठन हुनेछ ।
(२) उपधारा(१) बमोजिमको नगर कार्यपालिकामा एक जना उपप्रमुख, प्रत्येक वडाबाट निर्वाचित वडा अध्यक्ष र उपधारा (४) बमोजिम निर्वाचित सदस्य रहनेछन् ।
(३) प्रमुख र उपप्रमुखको निर्वाचन सम्बन्धित नगरपालिका क्षेत्रभित्रका मतदाताले एक व्यक्ति एक मतको आधारमा गोप्य मतदानद्वारा पहिलो हुने निर्वाचित हुने निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम गर्ने छन् ।
स्पष्टीकरणः यस धाराको प्रयोजनका लागि “प्रमुख र उपप्रमुख” भन्नाले नगर कार्यपालिकाको प्रमुख र उपप्रमुख सम्झनु पर्छ ।
(४) धारा २२३ बमोजिमको नगर सभाको निर्वाचनको अन्तिम परिणाम प्राप्त भएको मितिले पन्ध्र दिनभित्र नगर सभाका सदस्यहरूले आफूमध्येबाट निर्वाचित गरेका पाँच जना महिला सदस्य र उपधारा (५) बमोजिमको योग्यता भएका दलित वा अल्पसंख्यक समुदायबाट नगर सभाले निर्वाचित गरेका तीन जना सदस्य समेत नगर कार्यपालिकाको सदस्य हुने छन् ।
... (धारा २१६)
Subnational levels
- English
The Mayor, the Vice Mayor, and the Concejales [Aldermen] will be elected by the People through universal, equal, direct, free, and secret suffrage, in accordance with the law. Those candidates who have obtained the relative majority of the votes will be elected Mayor and Vice Mayor, the Concejales will be elected by proportional representation, in accordance with the electoral quotient. The term [periodo] of the municipal authorities will be of five years, counted from the taking possession of the office before the Supreme Electoral Council.
The binomial [binomio] Mayor and Vice Mayor must be formulated under the principle of equality of gender in the exercise of the Local Power, being that one of them must be a woman and the other, [a] man, keeping the proportionality between both genders. The political parties and electoral alliances must present in their list of candidates for Mayor, Vice Mayor and Concejales, fifty percent of men and fifty percent of women.
... (Art. 178) - Spanish
El Alcalde, el Vicealcalde y los Concejales serán elegidos por el pueblo mediante el sufragio universal, igual, directo, libre y secreto, de conformidad con la ley. Serán electos Alcalde y Vicealcalde los candidatos que tengan la mayoría relativa de los votos, los Concejales serán electos por representación proporcional, de acuerdo con el cociente electoral. El período de las autoridades municipales será de cinco años, contados a partir de la toma de posesión del cargo ante el Consejo Supremo Electoral.
El binomio de Alcalde y Vicealcalde debe formularse bajo el principio de igualdad y equidad de género en el ejercicio del Poder Local, siendo que uno de ellos debe ser mujer y el otro, hombre, guardando la proporcionalidad entre ambos géneros. Los partidos políticos y alianzas electorales deberán presentar en su lista de candidatos a Alcalde, Vicealcalde y Concejales, un cincuenta por ciento de hombres y un cincuenta por ciento de mujeres.
... (Art. 178)
Subnational levels
- English...
7. In fulfillment of the principle of affirmative action, women shall be allocated at least twenty-five per cent8 of the seats and positions in each legislative and each executive organ of each state, without prejudice to their right to compete for the remaining seats and positions in such organs. (Art. 163)
Subnational levels
- English(1) The State must promote full gender balance in Zimbabwean society, and in particular—
…
(b) the State must take all measures, including legislative measures, needed to ensure that—
(i) both genders are equally represented in all institutions and agencies of government at every level; and
(ii) women constitute at least half the membership of all Commissions and other elective and appointed governmental bodies established by or under this Constitution or any Act of Parliament;
… (Sec. 17)
Subnational levels
- English… The state works to attain parity between women and men in elected Assemblies. … (Art. 46)
- Arabic... تسعى الدولة إلى تحقيق التّناصف بين المرأة والرجل في المجالس المنتخبة. ... (الفصل 46)
- French… L’État s’emploie à consacrer la parité entre la femme et l’homme dans les assemblées élues.
… (Art. 46)
Subnational levels
- English
(1) There shall be a Chairperson of Rural Municipal Executive in each Rural Municipality. The Rural Municipal Executive shall be formed under his or her chairpersonship.
(2) The Rural Municipal Executive referred to in clause (1) shall consist of one Vice-Chairperson, Ward Chairperson elected from each Ward and members elected pursuant to clause (4).
(3) The Chairperson and the Vice-Chairperson shall be elected by the voters residing within the concerned Rural Municipality area by secret ballots on the basis of one person one vote, in accordance with the first past the post electoral system.
Explanation: For the purposes of this Article, "Chairperson" and "Vice-Chairperson" mean the Chairperson and the Vice-Chairperson of the Rural Municipal Executive.
(4) The members of the Rural Municipal Executive shall also include four women members elected by the members of the Rural Municipal Assembly from amongst themselves and two members elected by the Rural Municipal Assembly from the Dalit or minority communities, having possessed the qualifications referred to in clause (5), within fifteen days after receipt of the final results of the election to the Rural Municipal Assembly referred to in Article 222.
… (Art. 215) - Nepali
(१) प्रत्येक गाउँपालिकामा एक जना गाउँ कार्यपालिका अध्यक्ष रहनेछ । निजको अध्यक्षतामा गाउँ कार्यपालिका गठन हुनेछ ।
(२) उपधारा (१) बमोजिमको गाउँ कार्यपालिकामा एक जना उपाध्यक्ष, प्रत्येक वडाबाट निर्वाचित वडा अध्यक्ष र उपधारा (४) बमोजिम निर्वाचित सदस्य रहनेछन् ।
(३) अध्यक्ष र उपाध्यक्षको निर्वाचन सम्बन्धित गाउँपालिका क्षेत्रभित्रका मतदाताले एक व्यक्ति एक मतको आधारमा गोप्य मतदानद्वारा पहिलो हुने निर्वाचित हुने निर्वाचन प्रणाली बमोजिम गर्नेछन् ।
स्पष्टीकरणः यस धाराको प्रयोजनका लागि “अध्यक्ष र उपाध्यक्ष” भन्नाले गाउँ कार्यपालिकाको अध्यक्ष र उपाध्यक्ष सम्झनु पर्छ ।
(४) धारा २२२ बमोजिमको गाउँ सभाको निर्वाचनको अन्तिम परिणाम प्राप्त भएको मितिले पन्ध्र दिनभित्र गाउँ सभाका सदस्यहरूले आफूमध्येबाट निर्वाचित गरेका चार जना महिला सदस्य र उपधारा (५) बमोजिमको योग्यता भएका दलित वा अल्पसंख्यक समुदायबाट गाउँ सभाले निर्वाचित गरेका दुई जना सदस्य समेत गाउँ कार्यपालिकाको सदस्य हुनेछन् ।
... (धारा २१५)
Subnational levels
- English(1) Not more than two-thirds of the members of any county assembly or county executive committee shall be of the same gender.
… (Art. 197) - Swahili(1) Si zaidi ya theluthi mbili ya wajumbe wa bunge lolote la kaunti au kamati kuu ya kaunti watakuwa wa jinsia moja.
… (Kifungu cha 197)
Subnational levels
- English
...
For the case of the functionaries elected by popular vote through closed lists proposed by the political parties under the principle of proportionality, Deputies before the National Assembly, Deputies to the Central American Parliament, Municipal Concejales [Aldermen], Regional Concejales, the lists of candidates must be composed of fifty percent of men and fifty percent of women, ordered in equitable form and presented [in] alternate form; the same ratio of gender must be maintained between proprietary members [proprietarios] and substitutes when they exist [donde los hubiere].
... (Art. 131) - Spanish
...
Para el caso de los funcionarios electos mediante el voto popular por listas cerradas propuestas por los partidos políticos bajo el principio de la proporcionalidad, Diputados ante la Asamblea Nacional, Diputados al Parlamento Centroamericano, Concejales Municipales, Consejales Regionales, las listas de candidatos deberán estar integrados por un cincuenta por ciento de hombres y un cincuenta por ciento de mujeres, ordenados de forma equitativa y presentados de forma alterna; igual relación de género deberán mantener entre propietarios y suplentes donde los hubiere.
... (Art. 131)
Subnational levels
- EnglishEvery local unit shall elect a local council by direct and secret ballot for a term of four years. A candidate shall be at least twenty one (21) Gregorian years of age. The law shall regulate the other conditions for candidacy and procedures of election, provided that one quarter of the seats shall be allocated to youth under thirty five (35) years of age and one quarter shall be allocated for women, and that workers and farmers shall be represented by no less than 50 percent of the total number of seats, and these percentages shall include an appropriate representation of Christians and people with disability.
… (Art. 180) - Arabicتنتخب كل وحدة محلية مجلساً بالاقتراع العام السرى المباشر، لمدة أربع سنوات، ويشترط في المترشح ألا يقل سنه عن إحدى وعشرين سنة ميلادية، وينظم القانون شروط الترشح الأخرى، وإجراءات الانتخاب، على أن يُخصص ربع عدد المقاعد للشباب دون سن خمس وثلاثين سنة، وربع العدد للمرأة، علي ألا تقل نسبة تمثيل العمال والفلاحين عن خمسين بالمائة من إجمالي عدد المقاعد، وأن تتضمن تلك النسبة تمثيلا مناسباً للمسيحيين وذوي الاعاقة.
... (المادّة 180)