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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Head of State
- EnglishSovereign power belongs to the Thai people. The King as Head of State shall exercise such power through the National Assembly, the Council of Ministers and the Courts in accordance with the provisions of this Constitution. ... (Sec. 3)
- Thaiอํานาจอธิปไตยเป็นของปวงชนชาวไทย พระมหากษัตริย์ผู้ทรงเป็นประมุขทรงใช้อํานาจนั้นทางรัฐสภา คณะรัฐมนตรี และศาล ตามบทบัญญัติแห่งรัฐธรรมนูญ … (มาตรา ๓)
Head of State
- EnglishThe President of the Republic, Head of the State, incarnates the national unity, sees to the respect for the Constitution and assures by his arbitration the continuity of the State and the regular functioning of the institutions.
… (Art. 96) - KirundiUmukuru wa Republika akaba Umukuru w’igihugu niwe fatiro ry’ubumwe bw’abarundi, ategerezwa kubahiriza Ibwirizwa shingiro akubahiriza ko ubuzima bw’igihugu bubandanya kandi ko inzego z’igihugu ziguma zikora neza.
… (Ingingo ya 96) - FrenchLe Président de la République, Chef de l’Etat, incarne l’unité nationale, veille au respect de la Constitution et assure par son arbitrage la continuité de l’Etat et le fonctionnement régulier des institutions.
… (Art. 96)
Head of State
- EnglishThe Crown of Morocco and its constitutional rights are hereditary and are transmitted from father to son through male descendants in direct line and by order of primogeniture of His Majesty The King Mohammed VI, unless the King has designated, in His lifetime, a successor from among His sons, other than His eldest son. When there are no male descendants in direct line, the succession to the Throne is devolved in the closest male collateral line and in the same conditions. (Art. 43)
- Arabicإن عرش المغرب وحقوقه الدستورية تنتقل بالوراثة إلى الولد الذكر الأكبر سنا من ذرية جلالة الملك محمد السادس، ثم إلى ابنه الأكبر سنا وهكذا ما تعاقبوا، ما عدا إذا عين الملك قيد حياته خلفا له ولدا آخر من أبنائه غير الولد الأكبر سنا، فإن لم يكن ولد ذكر من ذرية الملك، فالمُلك ينتقل إلى أقرب أقربائه من جهة الذكور، ثم إلى ابنه طبق الترتيب والشروط السابقة الذكر. (الفصل 43)
Head of State
- EnglishThe Principality is a constitutional, hereditary monarchy on a democratic and parliamentary basis (articles 79 and 80); the power of the State is embodied in the Reigning Prince and the People and shall be exercised by both under the conditions set forth in the provisions of this Constitution. (Art. 2)
- GermanDas Fürstentum ist eine konstitutionelle Erbmonarchie auf demokratischer und parlamentarischer Grundlage (Art. 79 und 80); die Staatsgewalt ist im Fürsten und im Volke verankert und wird von beiden nach Massgabe der Bestimmungen dieser Verfassung ausgeübt. (Art. 2)
Head of State
- EnglishThe State is headed by a President. (Basic Law: The President of the State (1964), Sec. 1)
- Hebrewבראש המדינה עומד נשיא. (חוק יסוד: נשיא המדינה (1964), סעיף 1)
Head of State
- English(1) The King is the Head of State, the symbol of its unity and permanence. He arbitrates and moderates the regular functioning of the institutions, assumes the highest representation of the Spanish State in international relations, especially with those nations belonging to the same historic community, and exercices the functions expressly conferred on him by the Constitution and the law.
… (Sec. 56) - Spanish1. El Rey es el Jefe del Estado, símbolo de su unidad y permanencia, arbitra y modera el funcionamiento regular de las instituciones, asume la más alta representación del Estado español en las relaciones internacionales, especialmente con las naciones de su comunidad histórica, y ejerce las funciones que le atribuyen expresamente la Constitución y las leyes.
… (Art. 56)
Head of State
- English1. The President of the Republic is the Head of State and the symbol and guarantor of national independence and unity of the State and of the smooth functioning of democratic institutions.
… (Sec. 74) - Tetum1. Prezidente-Repúblika maka Xefe-Estadu, símbulu no garantia independénsia nasionál no unidade Estadu nian, no instituisaun demokrátika sira-nia funsionamentu regulár.
… (Art. 74) - Portuguese1. O Presidente da República é o Chefe do Estado, símbolo e garante da independência nacional, da unidade do Estado e do regular funcionamento das instituições democráticas.
… (Art. 74)
Head of State
- EnglishI. The President and Vice President of the State shall be elected by universal, obligatory, direct, free and secret vote.
… (Art. 166) - SpanishI. La Presidenta o el Presidente y la Vicepresidenta o el Vicepresidente del Estado serán elegidas o elegidos por sufragio universal, obligatorio, directo, libre y secreto.
… (Art. 166)
Head of State
- English
The President of the Republic is the head of the State and personifies the Nation.
To be elected President of the Republic it is required to be Peruvian by birth, to be thirty-five years of age at the moment of postulation and to enjoy the right of suffrage. (Art. 110) - Spanish
El Presidente de la República es el Jefe del Estado y personifica a la Nación.
Para ser elegido Presidente de la República se requiere ser peruano por nacimiento, tener más de treinta y cinco años de edad al momento de la postulación y gozar del derecho de sufragio. (Art. 110)
Head of State
- English
(1) The Grand Duke is the Head of the State.
He represents the State. He is the symbol of the national unity and independence.
...
(2) The Grand Duke has no other powers than those conferred upon him by the Constitution and the laws.
He exercises jointly with the Government the executive power.
... (Art. 44) - French
(1) Le Grand-Duc est le Chef de l’État.
Il représente l’État. Il est le symbole de l’unité et de l’indépendance nationales.
...
(2) Le Grand-Duc n’a d’autres attributions que celles que lui accordent la Constitution et les lois.
Il exerce conjointement avec le Gouvernement le pouvoir exécutif.
... (Art. 44)