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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Citizenship and Nationality
Malaysia
- English…
(2) The Federal Government may by order deprive of her citizenship any woman who is a citizen by registration under Clause (1) of Article 15 if satisfied that the marriage by virtue of which she was registered has been dissolved, otherwise than by death, within the period of two years beginning with the date of the marriage. (Art. 26) - Malay…
(2) Kerajaan Persekutuan boleh melalui perintah melucutkan kewarganegaraan mana-mana perempuan yang menjadi warganegara melalui pendaftaran di bawah Fasal (1) Perkara 15 jika berpuas hati bahawa perkahwinan yang disebabkan olehnya perempuan itu didaftarkan telah dibubarkan, melainkan disebabkan oleh kematian, dalam tempoh dua tahun mulai dari tarikh perkahwinan itu. (Perkara 26)
Citizenship and Nationality
Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of
- EnglishThe requirements for becoming a citizen of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea are defined by the Law on Nationality.
… (Art. 62) - Korean조선민주주의인민공화국 공민이 되는 조건은 국적에 관한 법으로 규정한다.
… (제62조)
Citizenship and Nationality
Georgia
- English1. The following shall fall within the exclusive competence of the supreme state authorities of Georgia:
a) legislation on … Georgian citizenship, … (Art. 7) - Georgian1. საქართველოს უმაღლეს სახელმწიფო ორგანოთა განსაკუთრებულ გამგებლობას მიეკუთვნება:
ა) კანონმდებლობა ... საქართველოს მოქალაქეობის, … (მუხლი 7)
Citizenship and Nationality
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
- English
Lao citizens are persons who hold Lao nationality as provided by the laws.
... (Art. 34) - Lao
ພົນລະເມືອງລາວ ແມ່ນ ຜູ້ມີສັນຊາດລາວ ຕາມທີ່ກໍາໜົດໄວ້ໃນກົດໝາຍ.
... (ມາດຕາ. 34) (ປັບປຸງ)
Citizenship and Nationality
Pakistan
- English…
4. Nationality, citizenship and naturalisation.
… (Fourth Schedule, Federal Legislative List, Part I) - Urdu…
(۴) قومیت، شہریت اور عطائے حقوق شہریت۔
…(جدول چہارم، وفاقی قانون کی فہرست، حصہ اول)
Citizenship and Nationality
India
- EnglishAt the commencement of this Constitution, every person who has his domicile in the territory of India and—
(a) who was born in the territory of India; or
(b) either of whose parents was born in the territory of India; or
(c) who has been ordinarily resident in the territory of India for not less than five years immediately preceding such commencement,
shall be a citizen of India. (Art. 5) - Hindiइस संविधान के प्रारंभ पर प्रत्येक व्यक्ति जिसका भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में अधिवास है और—
(क) जो भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में जन्मा था; या
(ख) जिसके माता या पिता में से कोई भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में जन्मा था; या
(ग) जो ऐसे प्रारंभ से ठीक पहले कम से कम पाँच वर्ष तक भारत के राज्यक्षेत्र में मामूली तौर से निवासी रहा है,
भारत का नागरिक होगा। (अनुच्छेद 5)
Citizenship and Nationality
Lebanon
- EnglishThe Lebanese nationality and the manner in which it is acquired, retained and lost, shall be determined according to the law. (Art. 6)
- Arabicإنّ الجنسيّة اللبنانية و طريقة اكتسابها و حفظها و فقدانها تحدّد بمقتضى القانون. (المادّة 6)
Citizenship and Nationality
Singapore
- English(1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, any person resident in Singapore of or over the age of 21 years may, on application being made therefor in the prescribed form, be registered as a citizen of Singapore if he satisfies the Government that he —
(a) is of good character;
(b) has resided in Singapore throughout the 12 months immediately preceding the date of his application;(c) has during the 12 years immediately preceding the date of his application resided in Singapore for periods amounting in the aggregate to not less than 10 years:
Provided that the Government may exempt any applicant from compliance with this paragraph —
(i) where such applicant has during the 6 years immediately preceding the date of his application resided in Singapore for periods amounting in the aggregate to not less than 5 years; or
(ii) where in any special case the Government considers fit to confer citizenship upon such applicant;
(d) intends to reside permanently in Singapore; and
(e) has an elementary knowledge of one of the following languages, namely, Malay, English, Mandarin and Tamil:
Provided that the Government may exempt an applicant who has attained the age of 45 years or who is deaf or dumb from compliance with this paragraph.
(2) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, any woman who is married to a citizen of Singapore may, on making application therefor in the prescribed manner, be registered as a citizen of Singapore if she satisfies the Government —
(a) that she has resided continuously in Singapore for a period of not less than 2 years immediately preceding the date of the application;
(b) that she intends to reside permanently in Singapore; and
(c) that she is of good character. (Art. 123)
Citizenship and Nationality
Iraq
- EnglishFirst: Iraqi citizenship is a right for every Iraqi and is the basis of his nationality.
Second: Anyone who is born to an Iraqi father or to an Iraqi mother shall be considered an Iraqi. This shall be regulated by law.
Third:
A. An Iraqi citizen by birth may not have his citizenship withdrawn for any reason. Any person who had his citizenship withdrawn shall have the right to demand its reinstatement. This shall be regulated by a law.
B. Iraqi citizenship shall be withdrawn from naturalized citizens in cases regulated by law.
Fourth: An Iraqi may have multiple citizenships. Everyone who assumes a senior, security or sovereign position must abandon any other acquired citizenship. This shall be regulated by law.
Fifth: Iraqi citizenship shall not be granted for the purposes of the policy of population settlement that disrupts the demographic composition of Iraq.
Sixth: Citizenship provisions shall be regulated by law. The competent courts shall consider the suits arising from those provisions. (Art. 18) - Arabicأوّلاً:ـ الجنسية العراقية حقٌ لكل عراقي، وهي أساس مواطنته.
ثانياً :ـ يعد عراقياً كل من ولد لأبٍ عراقي أو لاُمٍ عراقية، وينظم ذلك بقانون.
ثالثاً :ـ
أ ـ يحظر إسقاط الجنسية العراقية عن العراقي بالولادة لأي سببٍ من الأسباب، ويحق لمن اسقطت عنه طلب استعادتها، وينظم ذلك بقانون.
ب ـ تسحب الجنسية العراقية من المتجنس بها في الحالات التي ينص عليها القانون.
رابعاً :ـ يجوز تعدد الجنسية للعراقي، وعلى من يتولى منصباً سيادياً أو امنياً رفيعاً، التخلي عن اية جنسيةٍ اخرى مكتسبة، وينظم ذلك بقانون.
خامساً:ـ لا تمنح الجنسية العراقية لأغراض سياسة التوطين السكاني المخل بالتركيبة السكانية في العراق.
سادساً :ـ تنظم أحكام الجنسية بقانونٍ، وينظر في الدعاوى الناشئة عنها من قبل المحاكم المختصّة. (المادة 18)
Citizenship and Nationality
India
- EnglishNothing in the foregoing provisions of this Part shall derogate from the power of Parliament to make any provision with respect to the acquisition and termination of citizenship and all other matters relating to citizenship. (Art. 11)
- Hindiइस भाग के पूर्वगामी उपबंधों की कोई बात नागरिकता के अर्जन और समाप्ति के तथा नागरिकता से संबंधित अन्य सभी विषयों के संबंध में उपबंध करने की संसद की शक्ति का अल्पीकरण नहीं करेगी। (अनुच्छेद 11)