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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1) A Constitutional Court shall be established by way of a specific law as a court of public law to protect the rights guaranteed by the Constitution, to decide in conflicts of jurisdiction between the Courts and the administrative authorities, and to act as a disciplinary court for the Ministers.
2) The Constitutional Court shall also have jurisdiction to review the constitutionality of laws and international treaties and the legality of Government ordinances; in such matters, it may declare their annulment. Finally, it shall also act as an electoral tribunal. (Art. 104) - German1) Im Wege eines besonderen Gesetzes ist ein Staatsgerichtshof als Gerichtshof des öffentlichen Rechtes zum Schutze der verfassungsmässig gewährleisteten Rechte, zur Entscheidung von Kompetenzkonflikten zwischen den Gerichten und den Verwaltungsbehörden und als Disziplinargerichtshof für die Mitglieder der Regierung zu errichten.
2) In seine Kompetenz fallen weiter die Prüfung der Verfassungsmässigkeit von Gesetzen und Staatsverträgen sowie der Gesetzmässigkeit der Regierungsverordnungen; in diesen Angelegenheiten urteilt er kassatorisch. Endlich fungiert er auch als Wahlgerichtshof. (Art. 104)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe laws to which the Constitution confers the character of organic laws are voted and modified within the following conditions.
…
– They are promulgated after [the] declaration of the Supreme Court of their conformity to the Constitution. (Art. 87) - Arabicيتم التصويت على القوانين التي يمنحها الدستور طابع القوانين الأساسية وتعديلها وفق الشروط التالية.
...
- تُسن بعد إعلان المحكمة العليا عن امتثالها للدستور. (المادة 87) - FrenchLes lois auxquelles la Constitution confère le caractère de lois organiques sont votées et modifiées dans les conditions suivantes.
…
- Elles sont promulguées après déclaration par la Cour Suprême de leur conformité à la Constitution. (Art. 87)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
The following may file direct actions of unconstitutionality and declaratory actions of constitutionality:
I – the President of the Republic;
II – the directing board of the Federal Senate;
III – the directing board of the Chamber of Deputies;
IV – the Directing Board of a State Legislative Assembly or of the Federal District Legislative Chamber;
V – a State Governor or the Federal District Governor;
VI – the Attorney-General of the Republic;
VII – the Federal Council of the Brazilian Bar Association;
VIII – a political party represented in the National Congress;
IX – a confederation of labour unions or a professional association of a nationwide nature.
… (Art. 103) - Portuguese
Podem propor a ação direta de inconstitucionalidade e a ação declaratória de constitucionalidade:
I - o Presidente da República;
II - a Mesa do Senado Federal;
III - a Mesa da Câmara dos Deputados;
IV a Mesa de Assembléia Legislativa ou da Câmara Legislativa do Distrito Federal; (Redação dada pela Emenda Constitucional nº 45, de 2004)
V o Governador de Estado ou do Distrito Federal; (Redação dada pela Emenda Constitucional nº 45, de 2004)
VI - o Procurador-Geral da República;
VII - o Conselho Federal da Ordem dos Advogados do Brasil;
VIII - partido político com representação no Congresso Nacional;
IX - confederação sindical ou entidade de classe de âmbito nacional.
... (Art. 103)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishEvery citizen may invoke the protection of freedoms and rights determined by the Constitution before the regular courts, as well as before the Constitutional Court of North Macedonia, through a procedure based upon the principles of priority and urgency.
… (Art. 50) - MacedonianСекој граѓанин може да се повика на заштита на слободите и правата утврдени со Уставот пред судовите и пред Уставниот суд на Република Северна Македонија во постапка заснована врз начелата на приоритет и итност.
… (Член 50)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe provisions of law which concern the fundamental rights recognized to any person by the Constitution may be submitted to the Constitutional Council by way of pleadings if it involves an instance in course before a jurisdiction.
The pleadings of unconstitutionality may be raised by any plaintiff before any jurisdiction.
… (Art. 80) - Arabicيجوز تقديم أحكام القوانين المتعلقة بالحقوق الأساسية التي يعترف بها الدستور لأي شخص عبر تقديم مذكرة إذا كانت تتعلق بقضية ماثلة أمام سلطة قضائية.
ويجوز أن يقدم أي مدع دفوع بعدم الدستورية أمام أي سلطة قضائية.
... (المادة 80) - FrenchLes dispositions de la loi qui concernent les droits fondamentaux reconnus à toute personne par la Constitution peuvent être soumises au Conseil constitutionnel par voie d'exception à l'occasion d'une instance en cours devant une juridiction.
L'exception d'inconstitutionnalité peut être soulevée par tout plaideur devant toute jurisdiction.
… (Art. 80)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishProceedings for failure to comply shall be aimed at guaranteeing the application of rules and regulations comprising the legal system, as well as compliance with the rulings or reports of international human rights organizations, when the regulation or decision whose enforcement is being pursued contains an obligation to make it clear, express and enforceable. The petition shall be filed with the Constitutional Court. (Art. 93)
- SpanishLa acción por incumplimiento tendrá por objeto garantizar la aplicación de las normas que integran el sistema jurídico, así como el cumplimiento de sentencias o informes de organismos internacionales de derechos humanos, cuando la norma o decisión cuyo cumplimiento se persigue contenga una obligación de hacer o no hacer clara, expresa y exigible. La acción se interpondrá ante la Corte Constitucional. (Art. 93)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishIf the High Court is satisfied that a case pending in a court subordinate to it involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of this Constitution the determination of which is necessary for the disposal of the case, it shall withdraw the case and may—
(a) either dispose of the case itself, or
(b) determine the said question of law and return the case to the court from which the case has been so withdrawn together with a copy of its judgment on such question, and the said court shall on receipt thereof proceed to dispose of the case in conformity with such judgment. (Art. 228) - Hindiयदि उच्च न्यायालय का यह समाधान हो जाता है कि उसके अधीनस्थ किसी न्यायालय में लंबित किसी मामले में इस संविधान के निर्वचन के बारे में विधि का कोई सारवान प्रश्न अंतर्वलित है जिसका अवधारण मामले के निपटारे के लिए आवश्यक है तो वह उस मामले को अपने पास मंगा लेगा और—
(क) मामले को स्वयं निपटा सकेगा, या
(ख) उक्त विधि के प्रश्न का अवधारण कर सकेगा और उस मामले को ऐसे प्रश्न पर निर्णय की प्रतिलिपि सहित उस न्यायालय को, जिससे मामला इस प्रकार मंगा लिया गया है, लौटा सकेगा और उक्त न्यायालय उसके प्राप्त होने पर उस मामले को ऐसे निर्णय के अनुरूप निपटाने के लिए आगे कार्यवाही करेगा। (अनुच्छेद 228)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. The Constitutional Court may consider and declare with generally binding force:
a) The unconstitutionality of any norm;
b) The illegality of any norms contained in a legislative act, on the grounds of the breach of a law with superior legal force;
c) The illegality of any norms contained in a regional legislative act, on the grounds of the breach of the autonomous region's statute;
d) The illegality of any norms contained in a legislative act issued by an entity that exercises sovereignty, on the grounds of a breach of those of an autonomous region's rights that are enshrined in its statute.
2. The following may ask the Constitutional Court for a declaration of unconstitutionality or illegality with generally binding force:
a) The President of the Republic;
b) The President of the Assembly of the Republic;
c) The Prime Minister;
d) The Ombudsman;
e) The Attorney General;
f) One tenth of the Members of the Assembly of the Republic;
g) When the grounds for the request for a declaration of unconstitutionality are the breach of the rights of the autonomous regions, or the grounds for the request for a declaration of illegality are the breach of the respective statute, Representatives of the Republic, Legislative Assemblies of the autonomous regions, presidents of Legislative Assemblies of the autonomous regions, presidents of Regional Governments, or one tenth of the members of the respective Legislative Assembly.
3. The Constitutional Court may also consider and declare with generally binding force the unconstitutionality or illegality of any norm, on condition that it has already held the norm unconstitutional or illegal in three concrete cases. (Art. 281) - Portuguese1. O Tribunal Constitucional aprecia e declara, com força obrigatória geral:
a) A inconstitucionalidade de quaisquer normas;
b) A ilegalidade de quaisquer normas constantes de acto legislativo com fundamento em violação de lei com valor reforçado;
c) A ilegalidade de quaisquer normas constantes de diploma regional, com fundamento em violação do estatuto da região autónoma;
d) A ilegalidade de quaisquer normas constantes de diploma emanado dos órgãos de soberania com fundamento em violação dos direitos de uma região consagrados no seu estatuto.
2. Podem requerer ao Tribunal Constitucional a declaração de inconstitucionalidade ou de ilegalidade, com força obrigatória geral:
a) O Presidente da República;
b) O Presidente da Assembleia da República;
c) O Primeiro-Ministro;
d) O Provedor de Justiça;
e) O Procurador-Geral da República;
f) Um décimo dos Deputados à Assembleia da República;
g) Os Representantes da República, as Assembleias Legislativas das regiões autónomas, os presidentes das Assembleias Legislativas das regiões autónomas, os presidentes dos Governos Regionais ou um décimo dos deputados à respectiva Assembleia Legislativa, quando o pedido de declaração de inconstitucionalidade se fundar em violação dos direitos das regiões autónomas ou o pedido de declaração de ilegalidade se fundar em violação do respectivo estatuto.
3. O Tribunal Constitucional aprecia e declara ainda, com força obrigatória geral, a inconstitucionalidade ou a ilegalidade de qualquer norma, desde que tenha sido por ele julgada inconstitucional ou ilegal em três casos concretos. (Art. 281)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English(1) The Supreme Court shall have an exclusive original jurisdiction—
(a) for the interpretation or enforcement of any provision of this Constitution other than any provision of sections 18 to 33 or section 36(5) (which relate to fundamental rights and freedoms);
(b) on any question whether any law was made in excess of the powers conferred by this Constitution or any other law upon the National Assembly or any other person or authority;
(c) on any question as to whether or not any person was validly elected to the office of President or was validly elected to, or vacated his or her seat in, the National Assembly;
(d) on any question whether any official document should be produced, or its contents disclosed, in proceedings before a court where such production is resisted on the grounds that its production or the disclosure of its contents would be prejudicial to the security of the State or be injurious to the public interest.
(2) Where any question referred to in paragraphs (a), (b) or (d) of subsection (1) arises in any proceedings in any other court, that court shall stay its proceedings and refer the matter to the Supreme Court for its determination, and such other court shall give effect to any decision of the Supreme Court in the matter.
… (Sec. 127)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishIn specific cases, in every process of whatever competence or jurisdiction, in any instance and in cassation and even before a sentence is decreed, the parties will be able to present as an action [acción], plea [excepción], or incidental issue [incidente], the total or partial unconstitutionality of a law. The tribunal must decide concerning it. (Art. 266)
- SpanishEn casos concretos, en todo proceso de cualquier competencia o jurisdicción, en cualquier instancia y en casación y hasta antes de dictarse sentencia, las partes podrán plantear como acción, excepción o incidente, la inconstitucionalidad total o parcial de una ley. El tribunal deberá pronunciarse al respecto. (Art. 266)