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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. A party to any judicial proceedings, including proceedings on appeal, may, at any stage thereof, raise the question of the unconstitutionality of any law or decision or any provision thereof material for the determination of any matter at issue in such proceedings and thereupon the Court before which such question is raised shall reserve the question for the decision of the Supreme Constitutional Court and stay further proceedings until such question is determined by the Supreme Constitutional Court.
… (Art. 144) - Greek1. Πας διάδικος δικαιούται, καθ’ οιονδήποτε στάδιον της διαδικασίας συμπεριλαμβανομένης και της κατ’ έφεσιν, να εγείρη ζήτημα αντισυνταγματικότητος νόμου ή αποφάσεως η διατάξεώς τινος αυτών ουσιώδους δια την διάγνωσιν της εκκρεμούς ενώπιον του δικαστηρίου υποθέσεως. Tο δικαστήριο, ενώπιον του οποίου εγείρεται το ζήτημα, παραπέμπει παρευθύς τούτο ενώπιον του Aνωτάτου Συνταγματικού Δικαστηρίου και αναστέλλει την πρόοδον της διαδικασίας, μέχρις ου αποφανθή επ αυτού το Aνώτατον Συνταγματικόν Δικαστήριο.
… (Αρθρον 144) - Turkish1. Herhangi bir adli muameledeki bir taraf, temyiz muameleleri dâhil olmak üzere, bu muamelenin herhangi bir safhasında bu muameledeki uyuşmazlık konularından herhangi birinin karara bağlanmasında etkisi olan herhangi bir kanunun veya kararın ya da onun herhangi bir hükmünün Anayasaya aykırılığı meselesini ileri sürebilir ve bunun üzerine, önüne böyle bir mesele ileri sürülen mahkeme, bu meseleyi, karar vermesi için Yüksek Anayasa Mahkemesine sunar ve bu mesele hakkında Yüksek Anayasa Mahkemesince bir karar verilinceye kadar bu muameleyi durdurur.
... (Madde 144)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Mejlis shall:
1. Adopt the Constitution, enact laws, make amendments and changes to the Constitution and laws, monitor their performance and their interpretation;
…
9. Determine conformity to or divergence from the Constitution and the normative legal acts by the state authorities and administration;
... (Art. 81) - RussianМеджлис:
1) принимает Конституцию и законы, вносит в них изменения и дополнения, осуществляет контроль над их исполнением и их толкование;
…
9) учреждает государственные награды, награждает Президента Туркменистана государственными наградами, присваивает ему воинские звания и иные государственные звания;
... (Статья 81) - TurkmenMejlis:
1) Konstitusiýany we kanunlary kabul edýär, olara üýtgetmeler we goşmaçalar girizýär, olaryň ýerine ýetirilişine gözegçiligi we olara resmi düşündiriş bermegi amala aşyrýar;
…
9) döwlet sylaglaryny döredýär, Türkmenistanyň Prezidentini döwlet sylaglary bilen sylaglaýar, oňa harby atlary we gaýry döwlet atlaryny dakýar;
... (81-nji madda)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. Subject to the provisions of sections 25(2), 47(8)(b), 56(4), 65(5), 123(7)(b) and 124 of this Constitution, any person who alleges that any provision of this Constitution (other than a provision of Chapter II3) has been or is being contravened may, if he has a relevant interest, apply to the High Court for a declaration and for relief under this section.
2. The High Court shall have jurisdiction on an application made under this section to determine whether any provision of this Constitution (other than a provision of Chapter II) has been or is being contravened and to make a declaration accordingly.
3. Where the High Court makes a declaration under this section that a provision of this Constitution has been or is being contravened and the person on whose application the declaration is made has also applied for relief, the High Court may grant to that person such remedy as it considers appropriate, being a remedy available generally under any law in proceedings in the High Court.
4. The Chief Justice may make provision, or authorise the making of provision, with respect to the practice and procedure of the High Court in relation to the jurisdiction and powers conferred on the court by or under this section, including provision with respect to the time within which any application under this section may be made.
5. A person shall be regarded as having a relevant interest for the purpose of an application under this section only if the contravention of this Constitution alleged by him is such as to affect his interests.
6. The rights conferred on a person by this section to apply for a declaration and relief in respect of an alleged contravention of this Constitution shall be in addition to any other action in respect of the same matter that may be available to that person under any other law or any rule of law.
7. Nothing in this section shall confer jurisdiction on the High Court to hear or determine any such question as is referred to in section 44 of this Constitution. (Sec. 119)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English1. Anyone who considers that a provision of the Constitution has been infringed in relation to him may, without prejudice to any other legal remedy available to him, apply to the Supreme Court for redress.
2. The Supreme Court has jurisdiction to determine the matter and to make such order as it considers appropriate to enforce the provisions of the Constitution.
3. When a question concerning the interpretation of the Constitution arises before a subordinate court, and the court considers that the question concerns a fundamental point of law, the court shall submit the question to the Supreme Court for its determination. (Art. 53) - French1) Quiconque estime qu'une disposition de la Constitution a été violée à son encontre peut, sans préjudice des autres recours légaux ouverts, saisir la Cour Suprême pour dénoncer cette violation et obtenir réparation.
2) La Cour Suprême a compétence pour déterminer si une disposition de la Constitution a été violée et pour faire une déclaration en conséquence.
3) Lorsqu'une question relative à l'interprétation de la Constitution est soulevée devant une juridiction inférieure et que celle-ci considère que la question a trait à un point de droit fondamental, cette juridiction doit, à titre préjudiciel, soumettre cette question à la Cour Suprême. (Art. 53)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
1. The Coprinces, under the provisions of article 46.1.f), the Head of Government or a fifth of the General Council, may request a prior opinion about the constitutionality of international treaties prior to their ratification. Proceedings of this nature shall take priority.
… (Art. 101) - Catalan
1. Els coprínceps, en els termes de l'article 46.1.f), el cap de Govern o una cinquena part dels membres del Consell General, poden requerir dictamen previ d'inconstitucionalitat sobre els tractats internacionals abans de la seva ratificació. Aquest procediment tindrà caràcter preferent.
… (Art. 101)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Supreme Federal Tribunal has primary responsibility for safeguarding the Constitution, with the power:
I. to try and to decide, as matters of original jurisdiction:
a. direct actions of unconstitutionality of federal or state normative acts or declaratory actions of constitutionality of federal laws or normative acts;
b. charges of common criminal offenses against the President of the Republic, the Vice-President, members of the National Congress, the Tribunal's own Ministers, and the Procurator-General of the Republic;
c. charges of common criminal offenses and impeachable offenses against Ministers of the Federal Government and the Commanders of the Navy, the Army and the Air Force, except for the provision of art. 52, I, members of the Superior Tribunals and the Tribunal of Accounts of the Union, and chiefs of permanent diplomatic missions;
d. habeas corpus when the constrained party is any of the persons referred to in the preceding subsections; writs of security and habeas data against acts of the President of the Republic, Executive Committees of the Chamber of Deputies and the Federal Senate, Tribunal of Accounts of the Union, Procurator-General of the Republic, and the Supreme Federal Tribunal itself;
e. litigation between a foreign State or international organization and the Union, State, Federal District or Territory;
f. cases and conflicts between the Union and States, the Union and Federal District, or between one another, including their respective entities of indirect administration;
g. extradition requests from foreign States;
h. revoked;
i. habeas corpus, when the constraining party is a Superior Tribunal or when the constraining party or the constrained party is an authority or functionary whose acts are directly subject to the jurisdiction of the Supreme Federal Tribunal, or in the case of a crime subject to the original jurisdiction of the Supreme Federal Tribunal;
j. criminal revisions and rescissory actions from its own decisions;
k. [there is no subsection k];
l. claims to preserve its jurisdiction and to guarantee the authority of its decisions;
m. execution of a judgment in cases within its original jurisdiction, it being allowed to delegate the power to perform procedural acts;
n. actions in which all members of the Judiciary have a direct or indirect interest, and those in which more than half the members of the tribunal of origin are disqualified or have a direct or indirect interest;
o. conflicts of jurisdiction between the Superior Tribunal of Justice and any other tribunals, between Superior Tribunals, or between the latter and any other tribunal;
p. requests for a provisional remedy in direct actions of unconstitutionality;
q. mandates of injunction, when drawing up the regulatory rule is the responsibility of the President of the Republic, National Congress, Chamber of Deputies, Federal Senate, Executive Committees of one of these Legislative Chambers, the Tribunal of Accounts of the Union, one of the Superior Tribunals or the Supreme Federal Tribunal itself;
r. actions against the National Council of Justice and against the National Council of the Public Ministry;
II. to decide, on ordinary appeal:
a. if denied, habeas corpus, writs of security, habeas data and mandates of injunction decided originally by the Superior Tribunals;
b. political crimes;
III. to decide on extraordinary appeal, cases decided in sole or last instance, when the appealed decision:
a. is contrary to a provision of this Constitution;
b. declares a treaty or a federal law unconstitutional;
c. upholds a law or act of local government challenged as violative of this Constitution;
d. upholds a local law challenged as contrary to federal law.
§1°. Allegation of disobedience of a fundamental precept stemming from this Constitution shall be heard by the Supreme Federal Tribunal, as provided by law.
… (Art. 102) - PortugueseCompete ao Supremo Tribunal Federal, precipuamente, a guarda da Constituição, cabendo-lhe:
I - processar e julgar, originariamente:
a) a ação direta de inconstitucionalidade de lei ou ato normativo federal ou estadual e a ação declaratória de constitucionalidade de lei ou ato normativo federal;
b) nas infrações penais comuns, o Presidente da República, o Vice-Presidente, os membros do Congresso Nacional, seus próprios Ministros e o Procurador-Geral da República;
c) nas infrações penais comuns e nos crimes de responsabilidade, os Ministros de Estado e os Comandantes da Marinha, do Exército e da Aeronáutica, ressalvado o disposto no art. 52, I, os membros dos Tribunais Superiores, os do Tribunal de Contas da União e os chefes de missão diplomática de caráter permanente;
d) o habeas corpus, sendo paciente qualquer das pessoas referidas nas alíneas anteriores; o mandado de segurança e o habeas data contra atos do Presidente da República, das Mesas da Câmara dos Deputados e do Senado Federal, do Tribunal de Contas da União, do Procurador-Geral da República e do próprio Supremo Tribunal Federal;
e) o litígio entre Estado estrangeiro ou organismo internacional e a União, o Estado, o Distrito Federal ou o Território;
f) as causas e os conflitos entre a União e os Estados, a União e o Distrito Federal, ou entre uns e outros, inclusive as respectivas entidades da administração indireta;
g) a extradição solicitada por Estado estrangeiro;
h) (Revogado pela Emenda Constitucional nº 45, de 2004)
i) o habeas corpus, quando o coator for Tribunal Superior ou quando o coator ou o paciente for autoridade ou funcionário cujos atos estejam sujeitos diretamente à jurisdição do Supremo Tribunal Federal, ou se trate de crime sujeito à mesma jurisdição em uma única instância;
j) a revisão criminal e a ação rescisória de seus julgados;
l) a reclamação para a preservação de sua competência e garantia da autoridade de suas decisões;
m) a execução de sentença nas causas de sua competência originária, facultada a delegação de atribuições para a prática de atos processuais;
n) a ação em que todos os membros da magistratura sejam direta ou indiretamente interessados, e aquela em que mais da metade dos membros do tribunal de origem estejam impedidos ou sejam direta ou indiretamente interessados;
o) os conflitos de competência entre o Superior Tribunal de Justiça e quaisquer tribunais, entre Tribunais Superiores, ou entre estes e qualquer outro tribunal;
p) o pedido de medida cautelar das ações diretas de inconstitucionalidade;
q) o mandado de injunção, quando a elaboração da norma regulamentadora for atribuição do Presidente da República, do Congresso Nacional, da Câmara dos Deputados, do Senado Federal, das Mesas de uma dessas Casas Legislativas, do Tribunal de Contas da União, de um dos Tribunais Superiores, ou do próprio Supremo Tribunal Federal;
r) as ações contra o Conselho Nacional de Justiça e contra o Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público;
II - julgar, em recurso ordinário:
a) o habeas corpus, o mandado de segurança, o habeas data e o mandado de injunção decididos em única instância pelos Tribunais Superiores, se denegatória a decisão;
b) o crime político;
III - julgar, mediante recurso extraordinário, as causas decididas em única ou última instância, quando a decisão recorrida:
a) contrariar dispositivo desta Constituição;
b) declarar a inconstitucionalidade de tratado ou lei federal;
c) julgar válida lei ou ato de governo local contestado em face desta Constituição.
d) julgar válida lei local contestada em face de lei federal.
§ 1.º A argüição de descumprimento de preceito fundamental, decorrente desta Constituição, será apreciada pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal, na forma da lei.
… (Art. 102)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English
…
- the organic laws may only be promulgated after declaration by the Constitutional Court of their conformity with the Constitution. (Art. 97) - French
…
- les lois organiques ne peuvent être promulguées qu'après déclaration par la Cour constitutionnelle de leur conformité à la Constitution. (Art. 97)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English…
(2) Without derogating from the generality of subsection (1) the High Court has jurisdiction -
(a) to enforce the fundamental human rights and freedoms guaranteed by this Constitution; and
(b) to hear and determine any matter of a constitutional nature.
… (Sec. 151)
Jurisdiction and Access
- English…
(2) Should a court come to the conclusion that a statute which should be applied in the resolution of a matter is in conflict with the constitutional order, it shall submit the matter to the Constitutional Court. (1993 Constitution, Art. 95) - Czech…
(2) Dojde-li soud k závěru, že zákon, jehož má být při řešení věci použito, je v rozporu s ústavním pořádkem, předloží věc Ústavnímu soudu. (Ústava 1993, Čl. 95)
Jurisdiction and Access
- EnglishThe Constitutional Court is competent to:
– decide on the constitutionality of the laws and of the regulatory acts taken in the matters other than those arising within the domain of the law;
– assure the respect for this Constitution including the Charte des Droits fundamentaux [Charter of Fundamental Rights], by the organs of the State, [and] the other institutions;
– interpret the Constitution, at the demand of the President of the Republic, of the President of the National Assembly, of the President of the Senate, of one-quarter of the Deputies or of one-quarter of the Senators;
– decide on the regularity of the presidential elections, legislative [elections] and of the referenda and to proclaim the definitive results of them;
– receive the oath of the President of the Republic, of the Vice President of the Republic, of the Prime Minister and of the other Ministers before their entry into [their] functions;
– declare the vacancy of the post of President of the Republic.
– declare the vacancy of the seats of the parliamentarians.
The organic laws before their promulgation, the international treaties before submitting them to the vote of the Assemblies, the internal regulations of the National Assembly and of the Senate before their application, are submitted obligatory to the control of constitutionality. (Art. 234) - KirundiSentare yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro ifise ububasha bukurikira :
- kwihweza ko amabwirizwa n’amategeko ashingwa mu bidasanzwe biringanizwa n’ibwirizwa adaciye kubiri n’Ibwirizwa Shingiro ;
- gucungera ko iri bwirizwa shingiro harimwo n’amasezerano yerekeye amateka ngenderwako y’ikiremwa muntu yubahirizwa n’abantu, inzego za Reta, hamwe n’izindi nzego ;
- gutanga insiguro y’Ibwirizwa Shingiro, bisabwe n’Umukuru w’Igihugu, Umukuru w’Inama Nshingamateka, Umukuru w’Inama Nkenguzamateka, ica kane c’abashingamateka canke ica kane c’abakenguzamateka ;
- kwihweza ko amatora y’Umukuru w’Igihugu, y’abashingamateka n’abakenguzamateka n’ayo gusaba ebenegihugu ngo bemeze canke bahakane ikinaka vyaranguwe hakwirikijwe amategeko n’ugutangaza ivyavuye mu matora ;
- kwakira indahiro y’Umukuru w’Igihugu, iy’Icegera c’Umukuru w’Igihugu, iy’Umushikiranganji wa Mbere n’iz’abandi bashikiranganji imbere y’uko batangura kurangura amabanga bajejwe;
- kwemeza ko igihugu kitagifise umukuru w’Igihugu;
- Kwemeza ko intebe z’abashingamateka n’abakenguzamateka zigaragara.
Amabwirizwa yunganira Ibwirizwa Shingiro imbere y’uko atangazwa, amasezerano mpuzamakungu imbere yuko ashikirizwa Inama Nshingamateka n’Inama Nkenguzamateka ngo ziyemeze, amategeko ntunganyabikorwa atomora ingene Inama Nshingamateka n’ingene Inama Nkenguzamateka zitunganiriza imirimo yazo, ategerezwa gusuzumwa na Sentare yubahiriza Ibwirizwa Shingiro imbere y’uko atangazwa. (Ingingo ya 234) - FrenchLa Cour Constitutionnelle est compétente pour :
- statuer sur la constitutionnalité des lois et des actes réglementaires pris dans les matières autres que celle relevant du domaine de la loi ;
- assurer le respect de la présente Constitution y compris la Charte des Droits fondamentaux, par les organes de l’Etat, les autres institutions ;
- interpréter la Constitution, à la demande du Président de la République, du Président de l’Assemblée Nationale, du Président du Sénat, d’un quart des députés ou d’un quart des sénateurs ;
- statuer sur la régularité des élections présidentielles et législatives et des référendums et en proclamer les résultats définitifs ;
- recevoir le serment du Président de la République, du Vice-Président de la République, du Premier Ministre et des autres Ministres avant leur entrée en fonctions ;
- constater la vacance du poste de Président de la République ;
- constater la vacance des sièges des parlementaires.
Les lois organiques avant leur promulgation, les traités internationaux avant de les soumettre au vote des Assemblées, les règlements intérieurs de l’Assemblée Nationale et du Sénat avant leur mise en application, sont soumis obligatoirement au contrôle de constitutionnalité. (Art. 234)