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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
Customary Law
- EnglishThere shall be but one law in Tonga for chiefs and commoners for non-Tongans and Tongans. No laws shall be enacted for one class and not for another class but the law shall be the same for all the people of this land. (Clause 4)
- Tongan‘E taha pe ‘a e lao ‘o Tonga ni ki he hou‘eiki mo e me‘avale ki he fa‘ahinga kakai kotoa pe ‘oku ‘ikai ko e Tonga mo e Tonga. ‘E ‘ikai fokotu‘u ha lao ‘i he fonua ni ki ha fa‘ahinga pea tuku ha fa‘ahinga ka ‘e taha pe mo mamafa tatau pe ki he kakai kotoa pe ‘o e fonua ni. (Kupu 4)
Customary Law
- English1. The institution, status and role of Traditional Authority, according to customary law, are recognised under this Constitution.
2. Traditional Authority shall function in accordance with this Constitution, the state constitutions and the law.
3. The courts shall apply customary law subject to this Constitution and the law. (Art. 167)
Customary Law
- English…
The law establishes the rules concerning:
…
- the procedure according to which customs [coutumes] are declared and harmonized with the principles of the Constitution;
… (Art. 127) - Arabic...
ينص القانون على القواعد المتعلقة:
...
- بالإجراءات التي أعلنت بموجبها الأعراف وتم تنسيقها مع مبادئ الدستور؛
... (المادة 127) - French…
La loi fixe les règles concernant:
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- la procédure selon laquelle les coutumes sont constatées et mises en harmonie avec les principes de la Constitution;
… (Art. 127)
Customary Law
- English1. In this Constitution, unless the context otherwise requires:
• "Chief" does not include the King but includes Principal Chief, and Headman and any other chief whose office is recognised by section 103(1) of this Constitution, and references to a Chief are references to the person who, under the law for the time being in force in that behalf, is recognised as entitled to exercise the functions of the office of that Chief;
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• "customary law" means the customary law of Lesotho for the time being in force subject to any modification or other provision made in respect thereof by any Act of Parliament;
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• "law includes--
...
ii. the customary law of Lesotho and any other unwritten rule of law, …
• "Principal Chief" means a chief whose office is among those set out in Schedule 2 to this Constitution;
… (Sec. 154)
Customary Law
- EnglishThe State recognizes the existence of native peoples and communities, their social, political and economic organization, their cultures, practices and customs, languages and religions, … (Art. 119)
- SpanishEl Estado reconocerá la existencia de los pueblos y comunidades indígenas, su organización social, política y económica, sus culturas, usos y costumbres, idiomas y religiones, … (Art. 119)
Customary Law
- EnglishStatutes and traditional law shall be equally authoritative. In case of conflict between a statute and a traditional law, the statute shall prevail only to the extent it is not in conflict with the underlying principles of the traditional law. (Art. V, Sec. 2)
Customary Law
- English...
II. The self-governance of the rural native indigenous autonomies is exercised according to their norms, institutions, authorities and procedures, in accordance with their authority and competences, and in harmony with the Constitution and the law. (Art. 290) - Spanish…
II. El autogobierno de las autonomías indígenas originario campesinas se ejercerá de acuerdo a sus normas, instituciones, autoridades y procedimientos, conforme a sus atribuciones y competencias, en armonía con la Constitución y la ley. (Art. 290)
Customary Law
- English
The rules concerning [the following] are of the domain of the law:
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- The procedure according to which customs [coutumes] will be recognized [constatees] and placed in harmony with the fundamental principles of the Constitution;
… (Art. 98) - French
Sont du domaine de la loi les règles concernant:
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- La procedure selon laquelle les coutumes seront constatées et mises en harmonie avec les principes fondamentaux de la Constitution;
… (Art. 98)
Customary Law
- English
Principles and rights of the jurisdictional function are:
...
8. The principle to not fail [dejar] to administrate justice for lacuna [vacío] or deficiency in the law.
In such case, the general principles of law and customary law must be applied.
... (Art. 139) - Spanish
Son principios y derechos de la función jurisdiccional:
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8. El principio de no dejar de administrar justicia por vacío o deficiencia de la ley.
En tal caso, deben aplicarse los principios generales del derecho y el derecho consuetudinario.
… (Art. 139)