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The Global Gender Equality Constitutional Database is a repository of gender equality related provisions in 194 constitutions from around the world. The Database was updated in partnership with the International Bar Association's Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) and with support from the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA) and the Government of Japan. Experience its wealth and depth of information by starting your search now.
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Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Samoa
- EnglishIt shall not be lawful or competent for any person to make any alienation or disposition of customary land or of any interest in customary land, whether by way of sale, mortgage or otherwise howsoever, nor shall customary land or any interest therein be capable of being taken in execution or be assets for the payment of the debts of any person on his decease or insolvency:
PROVIDED THAT an Act of Parliament may authorise:
(a) the granting of a lease or licence of any customary land or of any interest therein;
(b) the taking of any customary land or any interest therein for public purposes. (Art. 102) - SamoanO le a le tusa ai ma le tulafono po o le le mafai e so o se tagata ona faaliliueseina atu po o le aveesea mai ia te ia o eleele tau le aganuu po o se itu e tau atu ai i eleele tau le aganuu, i se auala o le faatau atu, lisi, laisene, mokesi, po o se tasi lava faiga, o le a le mafaia lava se eleele tau le aganuu po o se itu e tau i ai ona avea i le faamaapeina po o le fai ma mea e totogiina ai ni aitalafu a so o se tagata ina ua maliu po o le le mafai ona togia o aitalafu:
VAGANA AI ONA UA FAAPEA, o se Tulafono a le Palemene e mafai ona faatagaina:
(a) le tuuina atu o se lisi po o se laisene o so o se eleele faale-aganuu po o so o se itu e tau atu i ai i lea eleele;
(e) le aveina o so o se eleele faale-aganuu po o le tau i ai i lea eleele mo galuega tau le Malo. (Mataupu 102)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Zimbabwe
- EnglishIn this Constitution—
…
“Communal Land” means land set aside under an Act of Parliament and held in accordance with customary law by members of a community under the leadership of a Chief;
… (Sec. 332)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Philippines
- EnglishWithin its territorial jurisdiction and subject to the provisions of this Constitution and national laws, the organic act of autonomous regions shall provide for legislative powers over:
…
(4) Personal, family, and property relations;
… (Art. X, Sec. 20) - FilipinoAng batayang batas ng mga rehiyong awtonomus, sa loob ng hurisdiksyong teritoryal nito at sa ilalim ng mga tadhana ng Konstitusyong ito at ng mga batas pambansa, ay dapat magtadhana ng mga kapangyarihang tagapagbatas sa:
…
(4) Mga ugnayang personal, pampamilya at pang-ari-arian;
… (Art. X, Seksyon 20)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Cambodia
- English…
Khmer citizens of both sexes shall respect public property and legally acquired private property. (Art. 50) - Khmer...
ប្រជាពលរដ្ឋខ្មែរទាំងពីរភេទត្រូវគោរពទ្រព្យសម្បត្តិ សាធារណៈ និងកម្មសិទ្ធិស្របច្បាប់របស់ឯកជន។ (មាត្រា ៥០)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Vanuatu
- English1. The Republic of Vanuatu recognises, that, subject to any restrictions imposed by law on non-citizens and holders of dual citizenship who are not indigenous or naturalised citizens, all persons are entitled to the following fundamental rights and freedoms of the individual without discrimination on the grounds of race, place of origin, religious or traditional beliefs, political opinions, language or sex but subject to respect for the rights and freedoms of others and to the legitimate public interest in defence, safety, public order, welfare and health –
…
j. protection for the privacy of the home and other property and from unjust deprivation of property;
… (Art. 5) - French1) Sous réserve des restrictions que la Loi peut imposer aux non-citoyens et aux détenteurs de la double nationalité qui ne sont pas indigènes ou citoyens naturalisés et dans le respect des droits et libertés d'autrui et de l'intérêt public légitime en matière de défense, de sécurité, d'ordre public, de prospérité et de santé, la République de Vanuatu reconnaît que toute personne, sans distinction de race, lieu d'origine, croyances religieuses ou traditionnelles, opinions politiques, langue ou sexe jouit des droits fondamentaux et les libertés individuelles suivants:
...
j) les garanties contre la violation du domicile et des autres biens, et contre l'expropriation injuste du patrimoine;
... (Art. 5)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
- English…
II. The State shall recognize, respect and grant individual and collective ownership rights to land, as well as the rights to use and enjoyment of natural resources.
… (Art. 349) - Spanish…
II. El Estado reconocerá, respetará y otorgará derechos propietarios individuales y colectivos sobre la tierra, así como derechos de uso y aprovechamiento sobre otros recursos naturales.
… (Art. 349)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Syrian Arab Republic
- EnglishThe law shall determine the maximum level of agricultural ownership and agricultural investment to ensure the protection of the farmer and the agricultural laborer from exploitation and to ensure increased production. (Art. 16)
- Arabicيعين القانون الحد الأقصى للملكية الزراعية والإستثمار الزراعي بما يضمن حماية الفلاح والعامل الزراعي من الإستغلال ويضمن زيادة الإنتاج. (المادّة 16)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Angola
- English1. Unless authorisation is granted to the Executive to do so, the National Assembly shall have relative competence for legislating on the following matters:
…
g) The general system for property and means of production not included in the public domain;
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m) The definition and system for property within the public domain;
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r) The general elements of the system for the concession and transfer of land;
… (Art. 165) - Portuguese1. À Assembleia Nacional compete legislar com reserva relativa, salvo autorização concedida ao Executivo, sobre as seguintes matérias:
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g) Regime geral dos bens e meios de produção não integrados no domínio público;
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m) Definição e regime dos bens de domínio público;
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r) Bases gerais do regime de concessão e transmissão da terra;
… (Art. 165)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
Canada
- EnglishIt shall be lawful for the Queen, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate and House of Commons, to make Laws for the Peace, Order, and good Government of Canada, in relation to all Matters not coming within the Classes of Subjects by this Act assigned exclusively to the Legislatures of the Provinces; and for greater Certainty, but not so as to restrict the Generality of the foregoing Terms of this Section, it is hereby declared that (notwithstanding anything in this Act) the exclusive Legislative Authority of the Parliament of Canada extends to all Matters coming within the Classes of Subjects next hereinafter enumerated; that is to say,
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24. Indians, and Lands reserved for the Indians.
… (Constitution Act 1867, Sec. 91) - FrenchIl sera loisible à la Reine, de l’avis et du consentement du Sénat et de la Chambre des Communes, de faire des lois pour la paix, l’ordre et le bon gouvernement du Canada, relativement à toutes les matières ne tombant pas dans les categories de sujets par la présente loi exclusivement assignés aux législatures des provinces; mais, pour plus de garantie, sans toutefois restreindre la généralité des termes ci-haut employés dans le présent article, il est par la présente déclaré que (nonobstant toute disposition contraire énoncée dans la présente loi) l’autorité legislative exclusive du parlement du Canada s’étend à toutes les matières tombant dans les catégories de sujets ci-dessous énumérés, savoir:
…
24. Les Indiens et les terres réservées pour les Indiens.
… (Loi constitutionnelle de 1867, Sec. 91)
Property, Inheritance and Land Tenure
United Arab Emirates
- EnglishWithout prejudice to the provisions of the preceding Article, the UAE has exclusive legislative jurisdiction in the following matters:
…
• Ownership of real properties … (Art. 121) - Arabicﺑﻐﻴﺮ اﺧﻼﻝ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤ ﺎدﺓ اﻟ ﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ، ﻳﻨﻔﺮﺩ اﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺸﺆ وﻥ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :
...
- اﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ اﻟﻌﻘﺎ رﻳﺔ وﻧﺰﻉ اﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﻔﻌﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻣّﺔ. ... (المادّة 121)